PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM WITH
CORRECT -ANSWERS /PASS GUIDE
1. norepinephrine - -ANS☑️☑️--when there is imminent danger, a burst of
excitation originates from the locus coeruleus which releases _____________,
which results in instantaneous hypervigilance.
2. limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA - -
ANS☑️☑️--what is responsible for the release of stress hormones?
3. chloride - -ANS☑️☑️--_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic
alert
4. benzodiazepines - -ANS☑️☑️--________ enhance the flow of negative
(chloride) ions which results in widespread calming in may areas of the
brain
5. nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e. digestion &
reproduction), energy is channeled into a host of functions preparing for
rapid action. - -ANS☑️☑️--When a person or animal confronts actual (or
perceived) danger situations, what neurochemical and hormonal reactions
start to occur?
6. cortex, amygdala - -ANS☑️☑️--Stressful events are perceived at the
__________, processed at the _______, which then activates lower brain areas &
puts the limbic system on alert
, 7. serotonin - -ANS☑️☑️--excitability in the locus coerulues is also mediated
by _______
8. inhibitory - -ANS☑️☑️--in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________.
9. activation - -ANS☑️☑️--A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus
coeruleus by making it more disinhibited and more sensitive to ___________.
10. amygdala - -ANS☑️☑️--Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by
the ___________.
11. encodes - -ANS☑️☑️--After very frightening events, the amygdala ________
certain stimulus events of the experience. These memories are highly
resistant to extinction.
12. serotonin - -ANS☑️☑️--There is speculation that _______ many play a role in
inhibiting cellular reactivity in the amygdala
13. benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs, andn
gabapentin - -ANS☑️☑️--What are four medication options for treating
GAD?
14. dependence/substance abuse - -ANS☑️☑️--Benzodiazepines can be used to
treat severe cases of GAD, but should not be used if the patient is at risk for
___________
15. Buspirone - -ANS☑️☑️--_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD,
but it is not addictive
CORRECT -ANSWERS /PASS GUIDE
1. norepinephrine - -ANS☑️☑️--when there is imminent danger, a burst of
excitation originates from the locus coeruleus which releases _____________,
which results in instantaneous hypervigilance.
2. limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA - -
ANS☑️☑️--what is responsible for the release of stress hormones?
3. chloride - -ANS☑️☑️--_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic
alert
4. benzodiazepines - -ANS☑️☑️--________ enhance the flow of negative
(chloride) ions which results in widespread calming in may areas of the
brain
5. nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e. digestion &
reproduction), energy is channeled into a host of functions preparing for
rapid action. - -ANS☑️☑️--When a person or animal confronts actual (or
perceived) danger situations, what neurochemical and hormonal reactions
start to occur?
6. cortex, amygdala - -ANS☑️☑️--Stressful events are perceived at the
__________, processed at the _______, which then activates lower brain areas &
puts the limbic system on alert
, 7. serotonin - -ANS☑️☑️--excitability in the locus coerulues is also mediated
by _______
8. inhibitory - -ANS☑️☑️--in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________.
9. activation - -ANS☑️☑️--A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus
coeruleus by making it more disinhibited and more sensitive to ___________.
10. amygdala - -ANS☑️☑️--Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by
the ___________.
11. encodes - -ANS☑️☑️--After very frightening events, the amygdala ________
certain stimulus events of the experience. These memories are highly
resistant to extinction.
12. serotonin - -ANS☑️☑️--There is speculation that _______ many play a role in
inhibiting cellular reactivity in the amygdala
13. benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs, andn
gabapentin - -ANS☑️☑️--What are four medication options for treating
GAD?
14. dependence/substance abuse - -ANS☑️☑️--Benzodiazepines can be used to
treat severe cases of GAD, but should not be used if the patient is at risk for
___________
15. Buspirone - -ANS☑️☑️--_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD,
but it is not addictive
