BSC 343 Exam 1 Questions With
Accurate Answers
neurons - ANSWER functional cells of the nervous system
glial cells - ANSWER support cells (more numerous)
dendrite - ANSWER input/translation
cell body - ANSWER integration, nucleus (transcription), translation
(ribosomes), axon hillock (connects to axon)
axon - ANSWER conduction, initial segment
axon hillock - ANSWER Cone shaped region of an axon where it joins the
cell body.
axon initial segment - ANSWER the segment of the axon where action
potentials are generated - located immediately adjacent to the axon hillock
astrocytes - ANSWER elaborate processes; participate in
uptake/metabolism of neurotransmitter
oligodendrocytes - ANSWER restricted to CNS; support/insulation of axon
schwann cells - ANSWER restricted to peripheral axon; produce myelin
sheath
microglia cells - ANSWER immune cell; removes cellular debris
stem cells - ANSWER proliferate and make other differentiated cell types
, glial stem cells - ANSWER become differentiated glia and neurons
oligodendrocyte precursors - ANSWER scattered through white matter
(myelin); become oligodendroglial cells/astrocytes
measurement of electrical activity - ANSWER measuring membrane
potentials and smaller graded potentials
microscopic measurement - ANSWER fluorescent microscope with use of
calcium voltage sensitive dye
knock-ins/knock-outs - ANSWER introduce gene in embryonic stem cells
Cre/lox system - ANSWER introduce Cre recombinase + loxP binding sites;
expression of recombinase excises gene of interest surrounded by loxP
binding sites
CRISPR - ANSWER RNA guide sequence (gRNA) binds endonuclease
(Cas9) + cuts DNA. repair disables genes or inserts new gene
electroencephalography (EEG) - ANSWER non-penetrating brain surface
stimulating electrodes; identify motor/somatosensory homunculus
can be along w/behavioral event
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - ANSWER pulsed magnetic field
can inhibit or excite neurons
computerized tomography (CT) - ANSWER based on rotating x-ray
beam/detectors, anatomical imaging with a spatial resolution of millimeters
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ANSWER based on behavior of
atoms in a strong magnet, typically images water content for anatomy
diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) - ANSWER imaging fiber tracts based on
difference in diffusion of water; diffuses more easily along tract as opposed
to through it
DTI yellow - ANSWER language
DTI purple - ANSWER corpus calllosum connects hemispheres
Accurate Answers
neurons - ANSWER functional cells of the nervous system
glial cells - ANSWER support cells (more numerous)
dendrite - ANSWER input/translation
cell body - ANSWER integration, nucleus (transcription), translation
(ribosomes), axon hillock (connects to axon)
axon - ANSWER conduction, initial segment
axon hillock - ANSWER Cone shaped region of an axon where it joins the
cell body.
axon initial segment - ANSWER the segment of the axon where action
potentials are generated - located immediately adjacent to the axon hillock
astrocytes - ANSWER elaborate processes; participate in
uptake/metabolism of neurotransmitter
oligodendrocytes - ANSWER restricted to CNS; support/insulation of axon
schwann cells - ANSWER restricted to peripheral axon; produce myelin
sheath
microglia cells - ANSWER immune cell; removes cellular debris
stem cells - ANSWER proliferate and make other differentiated cell types
, glial stem cells - ANSWER become differentiated glia and neurons
oligodendrocyte precursors - ANSWER scattered through white matter
(myelin); become oligodendroglial cells/astrocytes
measurement of electrical activity - ANSWER measuring membrane
potentials and smaller graded potentials
microscopic measurement - ANSWER fluorescent microscope with use of
calcium voltage sensitive dye
knock-ins/knock-outs - ANSWER introduce gene in embryonic stem cells
Cre/lox system - ANSWER introduce Cre recombinase + loxP binding sites;
expression of recombinase excises gene of interest surrounded by loxP
binding sites
CRISPR - ANSWER RNA guide sequence (gRNA) binds endonuclease
(Cas9) + cuts DNA. repair disables genes or inserts new gene
electroencephalography (EEG) - ANSWER non-penetrating brain surface
stimulating electrodes; identify motor/somatosensory homunculus
can be along w/behavioral event
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - ANSWER pulsed magnetic field
can inhibit or excite neurons
computerized tomography (CT) - ANSWER based on rotating x-ray
beam/detectors, anatomical imaging with a spatial resolution of millimeters
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ANSWER based on behavior of
atoms in a strong magnet, typically images water content for anatomy
diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) - ANSWER imaging fiber tracts based on
difference in diffusion of water; diffuses more easily along tract as opposed
to through it
DTI yellow - ANSWER language
DTI purple - ANSWER corpus calllosum connects hemispheres
