Psychopharmacology Final EXAM
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS /PASS
GUIDE
1. nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e. digestion & reproduction),
energy is channeled into a host of functions preparing for rapid action. - ANSWER-
When a person or animal confronts actual (or perceived) danger situations, what
neurochemical and hormonal reactions start to occur?
2. cortex, amygdala - ANSWER-Stressful events are perceived at the __________,
processed at the _______, which then activates lower brain areas & puts the limbic
system on alert
3. norepinephrine - ANSWER-when there is imminent danger, a burst of excitation
originates from the locus coeruleus which releases _____________, which results in
instantaneous hypervigilance.
4. limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA - ANSWER-what is
responsible for the release of stress hormones?
5. chloride - ANSWER-_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic alert
6. benzodiazepines - ANSWER-________ enhance the flow of negative (chloride) ions
which results in widespread calming in may areas of the brain
7. serotonin - ANSWER-excitability in the locus coerulues is also mediated by _______
8. inhibitory - ANSWER-in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________.
, 9. activation - ANSWER-A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus coeruleus by
making it more disinhibited and more sensitive to ___________.
10. amygdala - ANSWER-Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by the
___________.
11. encodes - ANSWER-After very frightening events, the amygdala ________ certain
stimulus events of the experience. These memories are highly resistant to extinction.
12. serotonin - ANSWER-There is speculation that _______ many play a role in inhibiting
cellular reactivity in the amygdala
13. benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs, andn gabapentin -
ANSWER-What are four medication options for treating GAD?
14. dependence/substance abuse - ANSWER-Benzodiazepines can be used to treat severe
cases of GAD, but should not be used if the patient is at risk for ___________
15. Buspirone - ANSWER-_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD, but it is not
addictive
16. gabapentin - ANSWER-This antiseizure medication is primarily used to treat anxiety in
bipolar disorder
17. psychotropic medications - ANSWER-Specific phobias are generally not treated with
__________________.
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS /PASS
GUIDE
1. nonessential physiological processes shut down (i.e. digestion & reproduction),
energy is channeled into a host of functions preparing for rapid action. - ANSWER-
When a person or animal confronts actual (or perceived) danger situations, what
neurochemical and hormonal reactions start to occur?
2. cortex, amygdala - ANSWER-Stressful events are perceived at the __________,
processed at the _______, which then activates lower brain areas & puts the limbic
system on alert
3. norepinephrine - ANSWER-when there is imminent danger, a burst of excitation
originates from the locus coeruleus which releases _____________, which results in
instantaneous hypervigilance.
4. limbic system and hypothalamus by activating the SNS, HTA, or HPA - ANSWER-what is
responsible for the release of stress hormones?
5. chloride - ANSWER-_________ ions act as a brake and dampen the limbic alert
6. benzodiazepines - ANSWER-________ enhance the flow of negative (chloride) ions
which results in widespread calming in may areas of the brain
7. serotonin - ANSWER-excitability in the locus coerulues is also mediated by _______
8. inhibitory - ANSWER-in the Locus Coeruleus, serotonin is ____________.
, 9. activation - ANSWER-A decrease in serotonin may impact the locus coeruleus by
making it more disinhibited and more sensitive to ___________.
10. amygdala - ANSWER-Acquired fears appear to be mediated primarily by the
___________.
11. encodes - ANSWER-After very frightening events, the amygdala ________ certain
stimulus events of the experience. These memories are highly resistant to extinction.
12. serotonin - ANSWER-There is speculation that _______ many play a role in inhibiting
cellular reactivity in the amygdala
13. benzodiazepines, atypical antianxiety (buspirone), SNRIs and SSRIs, andn gabapentin -
ANSWER-What are four medication options for treating GAD?
14. dependence/substance abuse - ANSWER-Benzodiazepines can be used to treat severe
cases of GAD, but should not be used if the patient is at risk for ___________
15. Buspirone - ANSWER-_______ reduces worry and rumination seen in GAD, but it is not
addictive
16. gabapentin - ANSWER-This antiseizure medication is primarily used to treat anxiety in
bipolar disorder
17. psychotropic medications - ANSWER-Specific phobias are generally not treated with
__________________.
