Test Bank for
Forensic Psychology
Crime, Justice, Law,
Interventions, 3e
Graham Davies,
Anthony Beech (All
Chapters)
,Chapter 1 – Psychological Approaches to Understanding Crime
1. At which stage of Gibbs’ (2003) theory of “sociomoral reasoning” can an individual be
described as having reached mature moral reasoning?
*Stage 3
2. According to Gibbs (2003, 2010, 2014), what is the main offence-supporting distortion?
A. Hostile attributional bias
*B. Egocentric bias
C. Minimising the consequences of antisocial behaviour
D. Blaming others for one’s own antisocial behaviour
3. In Crick and Dodge’s (1994) six-stage model of social information-processing, individuals can
simultaneously perform all six different steps, thus allowing for feedback between processes.
*A. True
B. False
4. Cognitive shortcuts help to process information quickly at stage <1> of Crick and Dodge’s
(1994) model of social information-processing
<1> two
5. Which areas of the brain have been shown by research to have an association with violent
behaviour?
*The frontal and temporal lobes
6. According to Malamuth, Heavey, and Linz’s (1993) interaction model, sexual aggression is
the result of an interaction between the <1> path and the <2> path.
<1> hostile masculinity
<2> sexual promiscuity
7. Who developed the Integrated Theory of Sexual Offending?
A. Malamuth et al. (1993)
B. Finkelhor (1984)
*C. Ward and Beech (2006)
D. Hall and Hirschmann (1992)
8. Neurological disorders show a strong association with arson.
, A. True
*B. False
9. Which of these is one of the proposed explanations for the relationship between schizophrenia
and offending?
A. Schizophrenia causes offending
B. Schizophrenia is a consequence of offending
C. Schizophrenia and offending are merely correlated, so there is no causal relationship
between the two
*D. All of the above
10. Which DSM-IV category of personality disorder is the most associated with offending
behaviour?
A. Cluster A (odd-eccentric)
*B. Cluster B (dramatic-emotional-erratic)
C. Cluster C (anxious-fearful)
11. “Psychopathic disorder” is a clinical diagnosis.
A. True
*B. False
12. In terms of characteristics that appear to define most psychopaths, highlight the odd one out
from the list below:
A. A lack of guilt/remorse
B. Impulsiveness
C. Irresponsibility
D. Pathological lying
*E. Autism
, Chapter 2 – Developmental and Psychological Theories of Offending
1. The four dimensions of Lahey and Waldman’s (2005) developmental propensity theory – (i)
low cognitive ability; ii) prosociality; iii) daring; iv) negative emotionality – are said to have a
genetic basis.
*A. True
B. False
2. The “maturity gap” is associated with which component of Moffitt’s (1993) developmental
taxonomy?
A. The life-course-persistent theory
*B. The adolescence-limited theory
3. According to Thornberry and Krohn’s (2005) interactional theory, at what age range are
neuropsychological deficits proposed to be the most important in explaining offending
behaviour?
*A. Birth to 6 years of age
B. 6 to 12 years of age
C. 12 to 18 years of age
D. 18 to 25 years of age
4. Thornberry and Krohn (2001) proposed that changing social influences, protective factors
such as high intelligence, and intervention programmes can cause <1>
<1> desistance
5. Which developmental theory focuses explicitly on why people do not offend, rather than on
why they do offend?
A. Developmental propensity theory (Lahey & Waldman, 2005)
B. The developmental taxonomy of adolescence-limited versus life-course-persistent
offenders (Moffitt, 1993)
C. Interactional theory (Thornberry & Krohn, 2005)
* D. Age-graded informal social control theory (Sampson & Laub, 2005)
6. <1> theory hypothesises that broken homes have a significant impact on offending behaviour.
<1> Attachment
7. Classical (automatic) conditioning is a key component of Eysenck’s personality theory.
*A. True
B. False
Forensic Psychology
Crime, Justice, Law,
Interventions, 3e
Graham Davies,
Anthony Beech (All
Chapters)
,Chapter 1 – Psychological Approaches to Understanding Crime
1. At which stage of Gibbs’ (2003) theory of “sociomoral reasoning” can an individual be
described as having reached mature moral reasoning?
*Stage 3
2. According to Gibbs (2003, 2010, 2014), what is the main offence-supporting distortion?
A. Hostile attributional bias
*B. Egocentric bias
C. Minimising the consequences of antisocial behaviour
D. Blaming others for one’s own antisocial behaviour
3. In Crick and Dodge’s (1994) six-stage model of social information-processing, individuals can
simultaneously perform all six different steps, thus allowing for feedback between processes.
*A. True
B. False
4. Cognitive shortcuts help to process information quickly at stage <1> of Crick and Dodge’s
(1994) model of social information-processing
<1> two
5. Which areas of the brain have been shown by research to have an association with violent
behaviour?
*The frontal and temporal lobes
6. According to Malamuth, Heavey, and Linz’s (1993) interaction model, sexual aggression is
the result of an interaction between the <1> path and the <2> path.
<1> hostile masculinity
<2> sexual promiscuity
7. Who developed the Integrated Theory of Sexual Offending?
A. Malamuth et al. (1993)
B. Finkelhor (1984)
*C. Ward and Beech (2006)
D. Hall and Hirschmann (1992)
8. Neurological disorders show a strong association with arson.
, A. True
*B. False
9. Which of these is one of the proposed explanations for the relationship between schizophrenia
and offending?
A. Schizophrenia causes offending
B. Schizophrenia is a consequence of offending
C. Schizophrenia and offending are merely correlated, so there is no causal relationship
between the two
*D. All of the above
10. Which DSM-IV category of personality disorder is the most associated with offending
behaviour?
A. Cluster A (odd-eccentric)
*B. Cluster B (dramatic-emotional-erratic)
C. Cluster C (anxious-fearful)
11. “Psychopathic disorder” is a clinical diagnosis.
A. True
*B. False
12. In terms of characteristics that appear to define most psychopaths, highlight the odd one out
from the list below:
A. A lack of guilt/remorse
B. Impulsiveness
C. Irresponsibility
D. Pathological lying
*E. Autism
, Chapter 2 – Developmental and Psychological Theories of Offending
1. The four dimensions of Lahey and Waldman’s (2005) developmental propensity theory – (i)
low cognitive ability; ii) prosociality; iii) daring; iv) negative emotionality – are said to have a
genetic basis.
*A. True
B. False
2. The “maturity gap” is associated with which component of Moffitt’s (1993) developmental
taxonomy?
A. The life-course-persistent theory
*B. The adolescence-limited theory
3. According to Thornberry and Krohn’s (2005) interactional theory, at what age range are
neuropsychological deficits proposed to be the most important in explaining offending
behaviour?
*A. Birth to 6 years of age
B. 6 to 12 years of age
C. 12 to 18 years of age
D. 18 to 25 years of age
4. Thornberry and Krohn (2001) proposed that changing social influences, protective factors
such as high intelligence, and intervention programmes can cause <1>
<1> desistance
5. Which developmental theory focuses explicitly on why people do not offend, rather than on
why they do offend?
A. Developmental propensity theory (Lahey & Waldman, 2005)
B. The developmental taxonomy of adolescence-limited versus life-course-persistent
offenders (Moffitt, 1993)
C. Interactional theory (Thornberry & Krohn, 2005)
* D. Age-graded informal social control theory (Sampson & Laub, 2005)
6. <1> theory hypothesises that broken homes have a significant impact on offending behaviour.
<1> Attachment
7. Classical (automatic) conditioning is a key component of Eysenck’s personality theory.
*A. True
B. False
