lOMoARcPSD|64024314
1. A patient with a PBW of 55 kg (121 lb) is receiving VC, A/C pH 7.37
ventilation. Ventilator settings and blood gas analysis results are: PCO2 43 mm Hg
FIO2 0.70
PO2 95 mm Hg
Mandatory rate 14
HCO3- 25 mEq/L
VT 350 mL
BE -1 mEq/L
PEEP 5 cm H2O
SO2 (calc) 97%
The patient is receiving VC, A/C ventilation with the following settings:
pH 7.35 F I O2 0.70
PaCO2 35 mm Hg Mandatory rate 12
PaO2 40 mm Hg VT 450 mL
HCO3- 19 mEq/L PEEP 8 cm H2O
BE -6 mEq/L Which of the following is most appropriate?
SO2 (calc) 74% A. Decrease the FIO2 to 0.60.
A respiratory therapist should recommend B. Change the PEEP to 5 cm H2O.
A. changing to SIMV mode C. Increase the minute ventilation.
B. increasing to 10 cm H2O PEEP. D. Maintain the current settings.
C. changing to 5 cm H2O CPAP
D. increasing to 400 mL VT. 7. Following an emergent C-section, a 35 year old is receiving VC, A/C
ventilation. The following pressure-volume loop is observed:
2. When instructing a patient on the administration
of umeclidinium/vilanterol (Anoro Ellipta), which of the following is most
important to emphasize?
A. Gargle immediately after use.
B. Inhale slowly with a breath hold
C. Breathe in fast and deep
D. Shake medication vigorously before use
3. Following placement of a tracheostomy tube for long-term mechanical
ventilation, which of the following patient positions best prevents Which of the following ventilator settings should be adjusted?
ventilator-associated pneumonia? A. PEEP
A. prone B. flow rate
B. Trendelenburg C. tidal volume
C. supine D. trigger sensitivity
D. semi-Fowler
8. Which of the following techniques is preferred for a quadriplegic patient
4. Which of the following is used to monitor the partial pressure of having difficulty expectorating secretions?
transcutaneous carbon dioxide? A. pursed lip breathing
A. red-light absorption sensor B. abdominal thrust
B. electromechanical transducer C. PEP therapy
C. infrared analyzer D. inspiratory muscle training
D. Stow-Severinghaus electrode
9. A patient with a history of hypertension was awakened by cough and
5. An adult patient requires frequent blood sampling and medication shortness of breath. He has fine inspiratory crackles bilaterally. Which
administrations through an IV for 1 month. The preferred vascular of the following should a respiratory therapist recommend?
access is a A. prednisone
A. peripherally inserted central catheter B. albuterol
B. subclavian central vascular line. C. furosemide (Lasix)
C. standard peripheral IV line. D. guaifenesin (Mucinex)
D. internal jugular catheter.
10. The preferred suction device to remove large amounts of secretions from
the oral cavity of an adult patient is a
A. Yankauer device.
B. DeLee suction trap.
C. whistle-tip catheter
D. Coudé catheter.
11. A respiratory therapist examines a patient and notes coarse crackles
over both lung fields. Which of the following does this most likely
indicate?
A. subcutaneous emphysema
B. pleurisy
C. bronchospasm
D. secretions
6. A 170-cm (5-ft 7-in), 69-kg (152-lb) male with ARDS has the following
ABG analysis results:
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, lOMoARcPSD|64024314
12. A 28-year-old patient is being evaluated by a respiratory therapist after B. Gas delivery is synchronized with the beginning of exhalation.
a trauma. The patient is receiving VC ventilation with the following C. It is preferred for patients who need more than 2 L/min of oxygen.
settings: D. Most of the oxygen delivery occurs during the first quarter of
FIO2 0.65 inhalation.
Mandatory rate 14
19. Which of the following best describes VC ventilation?
VT 450 mL A. Inspiration ends after delivery of a preset volume.
PEEP 8 cm H2O B. Inspiration ends after the patient exhales a targeted volume.
The therapist notes the following pressure-volume tracing: C. Pressure is held constant during inspiration until a preset volume
is delivered.
D. Pressure is held constant during inspiration until the patient
exhales a targeted volume.
20. A fixed-wing medical transport with an unpressurized cabin has
ascended to 10,000 ft while transporting a patient with COPD. The
patient is receiving nasal oxygen at 2 L/min and becomes agitated and
confused. A respiratory therapist should
A. increase oxygen flow
B. initiate mask CPAP
C. recommend a diuretic
D. recommend a sedative
21. A gas is saturated with 100% relative humidity at 32º C (89.6º F). After
the gas cools to 27º C (80.6º F), which of the following is the best
The therapist should recommend decreasing the estimate of the relative humidity?
A. mandatory rate. A. 90%
B. PEEP B. 100%
C. VT C. 70%
D. expiratory time. D. 80%
13. A 74-year-old female patient is admitted for management of 22. The following data are obtained for an adult patient:
community-acquired pneumonia. The patient's chest radiograph and F I O2 1.0
CT scan show an RLL infiltrate with a nonloculated, significant pleural
effusion on the right side. Which of the following should the therapist VD/VT 0.45
anticipate? Respiratory exchange rate 0.8
A. echocardiogram PB 747 mm Hg
B. thoracentesis
C. V̇/Q̇ scan
D. Bronchoscopy pH 7.42
PaCO2 38 mm Hg
14. Which of the following is typically associated with bilateral, fluffy PaO2 152 mm Hg
infiltrates on a chest radiograph?
A. pulmonary edema HCO3 - 25 mEq/L
B. neoplasm BE +1 mEq/L
C. pleural effusion SaO2 (meas) 99%
D. hemothorax
What is the P(A-a)O2 (mm Hg)?
A. 550
15. Which of the following should a respiratory therapist use to confirm the
B. 350
presence of auto-PEEP during VC ventilation?
C. 500
A. square-wave inspiratory flow
D. 200
B. end-expiratory hold
23. A patient complaining of dyspnea has a heart rate of 112/min and a
C. plateau pressure
respiratory rate of 28/min. The following ABG analysis results are
D. PSV mode
obtained while the patient is receiving oxygen at 5 L/min by nasal
cannula:
16. Which of the following best maintains airway patency during bag- pH 7.47
mask ventilation in an unconscious patient? PCO2 33 mm Hg
A. cricoid pressure PO2 48 mm Hg
B. oropharyngeal airway HCO3- 24 mEq/L
C. Trendelenburg position BE +1 mEq/L
D. neck hyperflexion SO2 (calc) 83%
Which of the following should be done FIRST?
17. Which of the following can result in an increase in PVR? A. Increase the oxygen flow to 7 L/min.
A. hyperoxia B. Switch to a nonrebreathing mask.
B. hypovolemia C. Initiate mechanical ventilation.
C. excessive PEEP D. Initiate 3 cm H2O CPAP.
D. decreased cardiac output
24. A patient who is receiving mechanical ventilation is scheduled for a
18. Which of the following is a characteristic of pulse-dose oxygen- fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Which of the following is the primary threat to
conserving devices? adequate ventilation during the procedure?
A. Flow is constant regardless of tubing length. A. secretion production
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1. A patient with a PBW of 55 kg (121 lb) is receiving VC, A/C pH 7.37
ventilation. Ventilator settings and blood gas analysis results are: PCO2 43 mm Hg
FIO2 0.70
PO2 95 mm Hg
Mandatory rate 14
HCO3- 25 mEq/L
VT 350 mL
BE -1 mEq/L
PEEP 5 cm H2O
SO2 (calc) 97%
The patient is receiving VC, A/C ventilation with the following settings:
pH 7.35 F I O2 0.70
PaCO2 35 mm Hg Mandatory rate 12
PaO2 40 mm Hg VT 450 mL
HCO3- 19 mEq/L PEEP 8 cm H2O
BE -6 mEq/L Which of the following is most appropriate?
SO2 (calc) 74% A. Decrease the FIO2 to 0.60.
A respiratory therapist should recommend B. Change the PEEP to 5 cm H2O.
A. changing to SIMV mode C. Increase the minute ventilation.
B. increasing to 10 cm H2O PEEP. D. Maintain the current settings.
C. changing to 5 cm H2O CPAP
D. increasing to 400 mL VT. 7. Following an emergent C-section, a 35 year old is receiving VC, A/C
ventilation. The following pressure-volume loop is observed:
2. When instructing a patient on the administration
of umeclidinium/vilanterol (Anoro Ellipta), which of the following is most
important to emphasize?
A. Gargle immediately after use.
B. Inhale slowly with a breath hold
C. Breathe in fast and deep
D. Shake medication vigorously before use
3. Following placement of a tracheostomy tube for long-term mechanical
ventilation, which of the following patient positions best prevents Which of the following ventilator settings should be adjusted?
ventilator-associated pneumonia? A. PEEP
A. prone B. flow rate
B. Trendelenburg C. tidal volume
C. supine D. trigger sensitivity
D. semi-Fowler
8. Which of the following techniques is preferred for a quadriplegic patient
4. Which of the following is used to monitor the partial pressure of having difficulty expectorating secretions?
transcutaneous carbon dioxide? A. pursed lip breathing
A. red-light absorption sensor B. abdominal thrust
B. electromechanical transducer C. PEP therapy
C. infrared analyzer D. inspiratory muscle training
D. Stow-Severinghaus electrode
9. A patient with a history of hypertension was awakened by cough and
5. An adult patient requires frequent blood sampling and medication shortness of breath. He has fine inspiratory crackles bilaterally. Which
administrations through an IV for 1 month. The preferred vascular of the following should a respiratory therapist recommend?
access is a A. prednisone
A. peripherally inserted central catheter B. albuterol
B. subclavian central vascular line. C. furosemide (Lasix)
C. standard peripheral IV line. D. guaifenesin (Mucinex)
D. internal jugular catheter.
10. The preferred suction device to remove large amounts of secretions from
the oral cavity of an adult patient is a
A. Yankauer device.
B. DeLee suction trap.
C. whistle-tip catheter
D. Coudé catheter.
11. A respiratory therapist examines a patient and notes coarse crackles
over both lung fields. Which of the following does this most likely
indicate?
A. subcutaneous emphysema
B. pleurisy
C. bronchospasm
D. secretions
6. A 170-cm (5-ft 7-in), 69-kg (152-lb) male with ARDS has the following
ABG analysis results:
messages.downloaded_by
, lOMoARcPSD|64024314
12. A 28-year-old patient is being evaluated by a respiratory therapist after B. Gas delivery is synchronized with the beginning of exhalation.
a trauma. The patient is receiving VC ventilation with the following C. It is preferred for patients who need more than 2 L/min of oxygen.
settings: D. Most of the oxygen delivery occurs during the first quarter of
FIO2 0.65 inhalation.
Mandatory rate 14
19. Which of the following best describes VC ventilation?
VT 450 mL A. Inspiration ends after delivery of a preset volume.
PEEP 8 cm H2O B. Inspiration ends after the patient exhales a targeted volume.
The therapist notes the following pressure-volume tracing: C. Pressure is held constant during inspiration until a preset volume
is delivered.
D. Pressure is held constant during inspiration until the patient
exhales a targeted volume.
20. A fixed-wing medical transport with an unpressurized cabin has
ascended to 10,000 ft while transporting a patient with COPD. The
patient is receiving nasal oxygen at 2 L/min and becomes agitated and
confused. A respiratory therapist should
A. increase oxygen flow
B. initiate mask CPAP
C. recommend a diuretic
D. recommend a sedative
21. A gas is saturated with 100% relative humidity at 32º C (89.6º F). After
the gas cools to 27º C (80.6º F), which of the following is the best
The therapist should recommend decreasing the estimate of the relative humidity?
A. mandatory rate. A. 90%
B. PEEP B. 100%
C. VT C. 70%
D. expiratory time. D. 80%
13. A 74-year-old female patient is admitted for management of 22. The following data are obtained for an adult patient:
community-acquired pneumonia. The patient's chest radiograph and F I O2 1.0
CT scan show an RLL infiltrate with a nonloculated, significant pleural
effusion on the right side. Which of the following should the therapist VD/VT 0.45
anticipate? Respiratory exchange rate 0.8
A. echocardiogram PB 747 mm Hg
B. thoracentesis
C. V̇/Q̇ scan
D. Bronchoscopy pH 7.42
PaCO2 38 mm Hg
14. Which of the following is typically associated with bilateral, fluffy PaO2 152 mm Hg
infiltrates on a chest radiograph?
A. pulmonary edema HCO3 - 25 mEq/L
B. neoplasm BE +1 mEq/L
C. pleural effusion SaO2 (meas) 99%
D. hemothorax
What is the P(A-a)O2 (mm Hg)?
A. 550
15. Which of the following should a respiratory therapist use to confirm the
B. 350
presence of auto-PEEP during VC ventilation?
C. 500
A. square-wave inspiratory flow
D. 200
B. end-expiratory hold
23. A patient complaining of dyspnea has a heart rate of 112/min and a
C. plateau pressure
respiratory rate of 28/min. The following ABG analysis results are
D. PSV mode
obtained while the patient is receiving oxygen at 5 L/min by nasal
cannula:
16. Which of the following best maintains airway patency during bag- pH 7.47
mask ventilation in an unconscious patient? PCO2 33 mm Hg
A. cricoid pressure PO2 48 mm Hg
B. oropharyngeal airway HCO3- 24 mEq/L
C. Trendelenburg position BE +1 mEq/L
D. neck hyperflexion SO2 (calc) 83%
Which of the following should be done FIRST?
17. Which of the following can result in an increase in PVR? A. Increase the oxygen flow to 7 L/min.
A. hyperoxia B. Switch to a nonrebreathing mask.
B. hypovolemia C. Initiate mechanical ventilation.
C. excessive PEEP D. Initiate 3 cm H2O CPAP.
D. decreased cardiac output
24. A patient who is receiving mechanical ventilation is scheduled for a
18. Which of the following is a characteristic of pulse-dose oxygen- fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Which of the following is the primary threat to
conserving devices? adequate ventilation during the procedure?
A. Flow is constant regardless of tubing length. A. secretion production
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