Oral and maxillofacial
surgery
, CONDYLAR FRACTURE
A INTRODUCTION
The condyle is one of the two processes of the mandible present on the
superior portion of the ramus. The condylar head is ovoid in shape
measuring 15-20 mediolaterally and 8-10 mm anteroposteriorly in
dimension.
The mandibular condyle articulates with the glenoid fossa present in the
squamous portion of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular
joint.
Central part A 8-10mm
has
> ↳
of disc
XM 15-20
minimum
Mm
thickness-
B. BIOMECHANICS OF CONDYLAR FRACTURE &
• Mandibular function is characterised as a class III lever with the joint
-
being the fulcrum.
The musculature applies the force between the joint and the masticatory
load.
• An external force applied generally gets distributed over the entire
mandible. However these forces result in the fracture of the subcondylar
-
region which is weak and are subject to tensile stresses.
- -
F
Oet
d
,KINETIC ENERGY DERIVED KINETIC ENERGY DERIVED FROM
FROM THE MOMENTUM THE MOMENTUM CREATED BY A
CREATED BY THE SUBJECT MOVING OBJECT AGAINST A
FALLING ON A STATIC STATIC SUBJECT
OBJECT Generally noted in or sport injuries.
This is an axial force which is More or less horizontal forces will
transmitted to the condyle result in a fracture both at the site
from the lower border of the of impact and at the condyle on the
mandible opposite side.
Fracture can occur at the site Fracture is usually at the base of
of injury and at the condyles thecondyle
at a higher level
*Condylar fractures displace anteromedially most commonly due to
the pull of the lateral pterygoid muscle
, C. CLASSIFICATION OF CONDYLAR FRACTURES
The most comprehensive classification was given by Lindahl.
Fractures Condylar head
'level Condylar neck
Sub condylar/condylar base
Bending/ deviation with segments medial overlapping
Deviation Bending/deviation with lateral overlapping segments
And
Displacement Bending/displacement without overlapping
Nondisplaced fracture without deviation
Relation No dislocation
b/w Slight dislocation
condylar Moderate dislocation
and fossa Severe and/or complete dislocation
Condylar Horizontal
head Vertical
fracture Compression fracture
surgery
, CONDYLAR FRACTURE
A INTRODUCTION
The condyle is one of the two processes of the mandible present on the
superior portion of the ramus. The condylar head is ovoid in shape
measuring 15-20 mediolaterally and 8-10 mm anteroposteriorly in
dimension.
The mandibular condyle articulates with the glenoid fossa present in the
squamous portion of the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular
joint.
Central part A 8-10mm
has
> ↳
of disc
XM 15-20
minimum
Mm
thickness-
B. BIOMECHANICS OF CONDYLAR FRACTURE &
• Mandibular function is characterised as a class III lever with the joint
-
being the fulcrum.
The musculature applies the force between the joint and the masticatory
load.
• An external force applied generally gets distributed over the entire
mandible. However these forces result in the fracture of the subcondylar
-
region which is weak and are subject to tensile stresses.
- -
F
Oet
d
,KINETIC ENERGY DERIVED KINETIC ENERGY DERIVED FROM
FROM THE MOMENTUM THE MOMENTUM CREATED BY A
CREATED BY THE SUBJECT MOVING OBJECT AGAINST A
FALLING ON A STATIC STATIC SUBJECT
OBJECT Generally noted in or sport injuries.
This is an axial force which is More or less horizontal forces will
transmitted to the condyle result in a fracture both at the site
from the lower border of the of impact and at the condyle on the
mandible opposite side.
Fracture can occur at the site Fracture is usually at the base of
of injury and at the condyles thecondyle
at a higher level
*Condylar fractures displace anteromedially most commonly due to
the pull of the lateral pterygoid muscle
, C. CLASSIFICATION OF CONDYLAR FRACTURES
The most comprehensive classification was given by Lindahl.
Fractures Condylar head
'level Condylar neck
Sub condylar/condylar base
Bending/ deviation with segments medial overlapping
Deviation Bending/deviation with lateral overlapping segments
And
Displacement Bending/displacement without overlapping
Nondisplaced fracture without deviation
Relation No dislocation
b/w Slight dislocation
condylar Moderate dislocation
and fossa Severe and/or complete dislocation
Condylar Horizontal
head Vertical
fracture Compression fracture
