NIGHTINGALE COLLEGE PN 106 HESI
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
PLUS RATIONALES 2026/2027 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
1. Nursing Process (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
Evaluation)
2. Safety and Infection Control
3. Basic Care and Comfort
4. Pharmacology and Medication Administration
5. Legal and Ethical Responsibilities
6. Therapeutic Communication and Client Advocacy
7. Mobility, Immobility, and Body Mechanics
8. Nutrition, Elimination, and Fluid Balance
9. Wound Care and Skin Integrity
10. Oxygenation and Respiratory Support
Introduction
This comprehensive examination is designed to assess the knowledge,
clinical judgment, and critical thinking skills required for practical nursing
students preparing for the PN 106 HESI Fundamentals specialty exam at
Nightingale College. The exam evaluates foundational nursing concepts
including the nursing process, safety, infection control, pharmacology
basics, legal and ethical responsibilities, and patient-centered care.
Questions are presented in multiple-choice and Next Generation NCLEX
(NGN)-style formats with clinical case scenarios to measure real-world
application and clinical decision-making. Each item requires candidates to
,analyze client situations, apply evidence-based practice, and select the
most appropriate nursing action. This assessment emphasizes safe,
patient-centered care across the lifespan, integrating health promotion,
disease prevention, and therapeutic communication strategies. Successful
completion demonstrates readiness for the HESI Fundamentals assessment
and the ability to achieve a 900+ HESI score.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1
A practical nurse (PN) applies oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula to a
client with dyspnea. Thirty minutes later, the client's oxygen saturation is
98%, but the client continues to report shortness of breath. Which action
should the PN take?
A. Increase the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/min
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's ongoing dyspnea
C. Document the oxygen saturation and continue to monitor
D. Remove the nasal cannula and apply a non-rebreather mask
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's ongoing dyspnea
RATIONALE: The client's oxygen saturation has improved, but
subjective dyspnea persists, indicating the underlying cause of the
respiratory distress has not been resolved. The PN should notify the
provider for further assessment and orders. Increasing oxygen without
an order or ignoring the symptom is unsafe.
Question 2
A client with a fractured left hip is on strict bedrest. Which intervention
should the PN implement to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
,A. Massage the client's lower extremities
B. Apply sequential compression devices (SCDs) to the client's legs
C. Keep the client in a supine position at all times
D. Administer a stool softener
B. Apply sequential compression devices (SCDs) to the client's legs
RATIONALE: SCDs promote venous return and help prevent DVT in
immobile clients. Massaging the legs can dislodge a clot if one is
already present and is contraindicated. Stool softeners prevent
constipation but do not prevent DVT.
Question 3
A client is prescribed a new medication. Which of the "Five Rights" of
medication administration requires the nurse to compare the medication
order against the medication label three times?
A. Right Patient
B. Right Drug
C. Right Dose
D. Right Route
B. Right Drug
RATIONALE: The "Right Drug" requires the nurse to verify the
medication name by comparing the medication administration record
(MAR) to the medication label three times before administration. This
prevents medication errors.
Question 4
A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years
now requires increased doses to obtain pain relief. The client expresses
fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information should
the PN provide?
, A. Opioid use with cancer does not cause addiction
B. Addiction is easily reversed if it occurs during pain management
C. Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve quality of life
D. Opioid dosages can be tapered if a client fears addiction
C. Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve quality of life
RATIONALE: The goal of pain management for clients with cancer
using opiates is to minimize pain and maintain quality of life.
Question 5
When performing sterile wound care in the acute care setting, the nurse
obtains a bottle of normal saline from the bedside table that is labeled
"opened" and dated 48 hours prior to the current date. Which is the best
action for the nurse to take?
A. Use the normal saline solution once more and then discard
B. Obtain a new sterile syringe to draw up the labeled saline solution
C. Use the saline solution and then relabel the bottle with the current
date
D. Discard the saline solution and obtain a new unopened bottle
D. Discard the saline solution and obtain a new unopened bottle
RATIONALE: Solutions labeled as opened within 24 hours may be
used for clean procedures, but only newly opened solutions are
considered sterile. This solution is not newly opened and is out of date,
so it should be discarded.
Question 6
Which action should the nurse implement when providing wound care
instructions to a client who does not speak English?
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
PLUS RATIONALES 2026/2027 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
Core Domains
1. Nursing Process (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation,
Evaluation)
2. Safety and Infection Control
3. Basic Care and Comfort
4. Pharmacology and Medication Administration
5. Legal and Ethical Responsibilities
6. Therapeutic Communication and Client Advocacy
7. Mobility, Immobility, and Body Mechanics
8. Nutrition, Elimination, and Fluid Balance
9. Wound Care and Skin Integrity
10. Oxygenation and Respiratory Support
Introduction
This comprehensive examination is designed to assess the knowledge,
clinical judgment, and critical thinking skills required for practical nursing
students preparing for the PN 106 HESI Fundamentals specialty exam at
Nightingale College. The exam evaluates foundational nursing concepts
including the nursing process, safety, infection control, pharmacology
basics, legal and ethical responsibilities, and patient-centered care.
Questions are presented in multiple-choice and Next Generation NCLEX
(NGN)-style formats with clinical case scenarios to measure real-world
application and clinical decision-making. Each item requires candidates to
,analyze client situations, apply evidence-based practice, and select the
most appropriate nursing action. This assessment emphasizes safe,
patient-centered care across the lifespan, integrating health promotion,
disease prevention, and therapeutic communication strategies. Successful
completion demonstrates readiness for the HESI Fundamentals assessment
and the ability to achieve a 900+ HESI score.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1
A practical nurse (PN) applies oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula to a
client with dyspnea. Thirty minutes later, the client's oxygen saturation is
98%, but the client continues to report shortness of breath. Which action
should the PN take?
A. Increase the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/min
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's ongoing dyspnea
C. Document the oxygen saturation and continue to monitor
D. Remove the nasal cannula and apply a non-rebreather mask
B. Notify the healthcare provider of the client's ongoing dyspnea
RATIONALE: The client's oxygen saturation has improved, but
subjective dyspnea persists, indicating the underlying cause of the
respiratory distress has not been resolved. The PN should notify the
provider for further assessment and orders. Increasing oxygen without
an order or ignoring the symptom is unsafe.
Question 2
A client with a fractured left hip is on strict bedrest. Which intervention
should the PN implement to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
,A. Massage the client's lower extremities
B. Apply sequential compression devices (SCDs) to the client's legs
C. Keep the client in a supine position at all times
D. Administer a stool softener
B. Apply sequential compression devices (SCDs) to the client's legs
RATIONALE: SCDs promote venous return and help prevent DVT in
immobile clients. Massaging the legs can dislodge a clot if one is
already present and is contraindicated. Stool softeners prevent
constipation but do not prevent DVT.
Question 3
A client is prescribed a new medication. Which of the "Five Rights" of
medication administration requires the nurse to compare the medication
order against the medication label three times?
A. Right Patient
B. Right Drug
C. Right Dose
D. Right Route
B. Right Drug
RATIONALE: The "Right Drug" requires the nurse to verify the
medication name by comparing the medication administration record
(MAR) to the medication label three times before administration. This
prevents medication errors.
Question 4
A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years
now requires increased doses to obtain pain relief. The client expresses
fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information should
the PN provide?
, A. Opioid use with cancer does not cause addiction
B. Addiction is easily reversed if it occurs during pain management
C. Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve quality of life
D. Opioid dosages can be tapered if a client fears addiction
C. Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve quality of life
RATIONALE: The goal of pain management for clients with cancer
using opiates is to minimize pain and maintain quality of life.
Question 5
When performing sterile wound care in the acute care setting, the nurse
obtains a bottle of normal saline from the bedside table that is labeled
"opened" and dated 48 hours prior to the current date. Which is the best
action for the nurse to take?
A. Use the normal saline solution once more and then discard
B. Obtain a new sterile syringe to draw up the labeled saline solution
C. Use the saline solution and then relabel the bottle with the current
date
D. Discard the saline solution and obtain a new unopened bottle
D. Discard the saline solution and obtain a new unopened bottle
RATIONALE: Solutions labeled as opened within 24 hours may be
used for clean procedures, but only newly opened solutions are
considered sterile. This solution is not newly opened and is out of date,
so it should be discarded.
Question 6
Which action should the nurse implement when providing wound care
instructions to a client who does not speak English?
