CR 21 LANDSCAPES AND IRRIGATION AZROC
TEST PREP KEY CONCEPTS AND REVIEW
NOTES 2026
◉ Irrigation scheduling factors. Answer: Weather conditions and soil
moisture levels.
◉ Ideal water pressure for drip irrigation. Answer: 10-20 psi.
◉ Head-to-head coverage. Answer: Overlapping sprinkler coverage
for uniform watering.
◉ Drip emitter. Answer: To release water slowly to the base of
plants.
◉ Issue caused by overwatering. Answer: Increased pest activity.
◉ Irrigation Controller. Answer: To program and automate watering
schedules.
◉ Clay Soil. Answer: Requires shorter, more frequent irrigation
cycles to prevent water runoff.
,◉ Smart Irrigation System. Answer: Increased water efficiency and
conservation.
◉ Polyethylene Tubing. Answer: Flexibility and ease of installation.
◉ Flow Sensor. Answer: Volume of water passing through the
system.
◉ Drip Irrigation (Sloped Terrain). Answer: Prevents water runoff
on sloped terrain by delivering water directly to the plant roots at a
slow, steady rate.
◉ Tensiometer. Answer: Measures soil moisture tension, helping to
determine when irrigation is needed.
◉ Sprinkler Spacing. Answer: To ensure uniform water distribution.
◉ Drip Irrigation Component. Answer: Helps to filter debris and
prevent clogging in a drip irrigation system.
◉ Filter. Answer: Filters remove debris and contaminants from the
water supply, preventing clogs in drip emitters and tubing.
,◉ Rotor head. Answer: Rotor heads deliver water in a rotating
stream, making them effective for covering large areas with uniform
watering.
◉ Lateral line. Answer: Lateral lines distribute water to sprinklers or
drip emitters within individual irrigation zones.
◉ Water hammer. Answer: Water hammer occurs when valves are
opened or closed too quickly, causing pressure surges.
◉ Check valve. Answer: Check valves prevent water from draining
out of the sprinkler head, avoiding puddling and erosion around the
sprinkler.
◉ Subsurface irrigation system. Answer: Subsurface irrigation
delivers water below the soil surface, reducing water loss due to
evaporation and runoff, especially in hot and windy conditions.
◉ Master valve. Answer: The master valve acts as the main control
for water flow, shutting off or supplying water to all zones in the
irrigation system.
◉ Square layout. Answer: A square layout ensures even water
distribution by spacing sprinklers equidistantly in both rows and
columns.
, ◉ Anti-siphon valves. Answer: Anti-siphon valves are important to
prevent backflow into the potable water system.
◉ Low-angle spray sprinklers. Answer: Minimize water drift caused
by wind, ensuring more precise water application.
◉ Recommended minimum distance between an irrigation system
and a building foundation. Answer: At least 3 feet to help prevent
water from damaging the building foundation.
◉ Emitter flow rates in a drip irrigation system. Answer: Should be
selected based on soil texture to ensure proper water absorption
without runoff or waterlogging.
◉ Common cause of low water pressure in an irrigation system.
Answer: Clogs in filters, pipes, or sprinkler heads.
◉ Leaching. Answer: Movement of nutrients out of the root zone due
to excess irrigation water washing nutrients deep into the soil.
◉ Common material used for drip emitters. Answer: Polypropylene
due to its durability, lightweight nature, and resistance to UV
radiation.
TEST PREP KEY CONCEPTS AND REVIEW
NOTES 2026
◉ Irrigation scheduling factors. Answer: Weather conditions and soil
moisture levels.
◉ Ideal water pressure for drip irrigation. Answer: 10-20 psi.
◉ Head-to-head coverage. Answer: Overlapping sprinkler coverage
for uniform watering.
◉ Drip emitter. Answer: To release water slowly to the base of
plants.
◉ Issue caused by overwatering. Answer: Increased pest activity.
◉ Irrigation Controller. Answer: To program and automate watering
schedules.
◉ Clay Soil. Answer: Requires shorter, more frequent irrigation
cycles to prevent water runoff.
,◉ Smart Irrigation System. Answer: Increased water efficiency and
conservation.
◉ Polyethylene Tubing. Answer: Flexibility and ease of installation.
◉ Flow Sensor. Answer: Volume of water passing through the
system.
◉ Drip Irrigation (Sloped Terrain). Answer: Prevents water runoff
on sloped terrain by delivering water directly to the plant roots at a
slow, steady rate.
◉ Tensiometer. Answer: Measures soil moisture tension, helping to
determine when irrigation is needed.
◉ Sprinkler Spacing. Answer: To ensure uniform water distribution.
◉ Drip Irrigation Component. Answer: Helps to filter debris and
prevent clogging in a drip irrigation system.
◉ Filter. Answer: Filters remove debris and contaminants from the
water supply, preventing clogs in drip emitters and tubing.
,◉ Rotor head. Answer: Rotor heads deliver water in a rotating
stream, making them effective for covering large areas with uniform
watering.
◉ Lateral line. Answer: Lateral lines distribute water to sprinklers or
drip emitters within individual irrigation zones.
◉ Water hammer. Answer: Water hammer occurs when valves are
opened or closed too quickly, causing pressure surges.
◉ Check valve. Answer: Check valves prevent water from draining
out of the sprinkler head, avoiding puddling and erosion around the
sprinkler.
◉ Subsurface irrigation system. Answer: Subsurface irrigation
delivers water below the soil surface, reducing water loss due to
evaporation and runoff, especially in hot and windy conditions.
◉ Master valve. Answer: The master valve acts as the main control
for water flow, shutting off or supplying water to all zones in the
irrigation system.
◉ Square layout. Answer: A square layout ensures even water
distribution by spacing sprinklers equidistantly in both rows and
columns.
, ◉ Anti-siphon valves. Answer: Anti-siphon valves are important to
prevent backflow into the potable water system.
◉ Low-angle spray sprinklers. Answer: Minimize water drift caused
by wind, ensuring more precise water application.
◉ Recommended minimum distance between an irrigation system
and a building foundation. Answer: At least 3 feet to help prevent
water from damaging the building foundation.
◉ Emitter flow rates in a drip irrigation system. Answer: Should be
selected based on soil texture to ensure proper water absorption
without runoff or waterlogging.
◉ Common cause of low water pressure in an irrigation system.
Answer: Clogs in filters, pipes, or sprinkler heads.
◉ Leaching. Answer: Movement of nutrients out of the root zone due
to excess irrigation water washing nutrients deep into the soil.
◉ Common material used for drip emitters. Answer: Polypropylene
due to its durability, lightweight nature, and resistance to UV
radiation.
