PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 (EEOB 2520 OSU ) WITH 100% APPROVED SOLUTIONS 2026/2027 STUDY SET

PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 (EEOB 2520 OSU )
WITH 100% APPROVED SOLUTIONS
2026/2027 STUDY SET

PHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 (EEOB 2520 OSU) – 100-QUESTION SAMPLE EXAM



SECTION I: FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS & EQUATIONS (Questions 1-12)

Question 1
What is the definition of physiology?

A. The study of the structure of the body
B. How an organism accomplishes actions to stay alive
C. The chemical reactions within cells
D. The genetic makeup of an organism

Answer: B
Rationale: Physiology is the study of how organisms accomplish tasks to maintain life,
integrating biology, anatomy, chemistry, and physics .



Question 2
Which equation represents the "currency" of cellular energy?

A. Glucose + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP
B. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + ENERGY
C. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
D. PV = nRT

Answer: B
Rationale: ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy is reversible and represents the energy currency used to
pay for cellular activities .



Question 3
Which equation is NOT reversible?

,A. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy
B. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
C. Glucose + O₂ + ADP + Pi → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat
D. PV = nRT

Answer: C
Rationale: Cellular respiration (Glucose + O₂ → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat) is NOT reversible
because it produces heat that cannot be recaptured .



Question 4
Equation 3 (CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺) is important for:

A. Producing ATP
B. Transporting gases in water
C. Maintaining body temperature
D. Generating action potentials

Answer: B
Rationale: This equation allows CO₂ (a gas) to be transported in the bloodstream as bicarbonate
(HCO₃⁻), a water-soluble form .



Question 5
The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) predicts that if volume decreases in a closed system:

A. Pressure will decrease
B. Pressure will increase
C. Temperature will decrease
D. The number of molecules will increase

Answer: B
Rationale: According to PV = nRT, pressure and volume are inversely related when temperature
and amount are constant. Decreasing volume increases pressure .



Question 6
Which of the following is NOT one of the four critical equations for physiology?

A. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy
B. Glucose + O₂ → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat

,C. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
D. E = mc²

Answer: D
Rationale: E = mc² is Einstein's equation for mass-energy equivalence, not one of the four
physiological equations .



Question 7
What is the primary function of Equation 2 in the body?

A. To transport CO₂ in blood
B. To generate ATP from glucose
C. To maintain osmotic balance
D. To regulate blood pressure

Answer: B
Rationale: Equation 2 represents cellular respiration, which generates ATP from glucose and
oxygen .



Question 8
Which equation is responsible for the buffering of blood pH?

A. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy
B. Glucose + O₂ → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat
C. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
D. PV = nRT

Answer: C
Rationale: The bicarbonate buffer system (CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺) regulates blood pH by
shifting left or right in response to H⁺ concentration .



Question 9
If body temperature drops too low, which equation will be increased?

A. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy
B. Glucose + O₂ → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat
C. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
D. PV = nRT

, Answer: B
Rationale: Cellular respiration generates heat as a byproduct. When body temperature drops,
metabolic rate increases to produce more heat .



Question 10
Which statement about the four critical equations is CORRECT?

A. Equation 1 requires energy for the forward reaction
B. Equation 2 is reversible
C. Equation 3 in the reverse direction creates an acid issue
D. Equation 4 shows that increased volume decreases pressure

Answer: A
Rationale: Equation 1 (ATP ↔ ADP + Pi) requires energy to synthesize ATP from ADP + Pi .



Question 11
Which equation would be most directly affected by hyperventilation?

A. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy
B. Glucose + O₂ → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat
C. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
D. PV = nRT

Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperventilation blows off CO₂, shifting Equation 3 to the left and decreasing H⁺
concentration (increasing pH) .



Question 12
Which equation describes the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature?

A. ATP ↔ ADP + Pi + Energy
B. Glucose + O₂ → ATP + CO₂ + H₂O + heat
C. CO₂ + H₂O ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
D. PV = nRT

Answer: D
Rationale: PV = nRT is the Ideal Gas Law, which relates pressure, volume, amount, and
temperature .