TEST BANK
Understanding Human Development, 4th Edition
by Wendy Dunn, Grace Craig
TU
TO
R
G
U
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, Table of Content
1. Fundamentals of Human Development
2. Heredity and Environment
3. Prenatal Development and Childbirth
4. Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
5. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
6. Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development in Early Childhood
7. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Early Childhood
TU
8. Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
9. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Middle Childhood
10. Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
TO
11. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
12. Physical and Cognitive Development in Young Adulthood
13. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Young Adulthood
14. Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood
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15. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Middle Adulthood
G
16. Physical and Cognitive Development in Older Adulthood
17. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Older Adulthood
U
18. Death and Dying
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U
,Name
Chapter 1—Understanding Human Development—Quick Quiz 1
1. When developmental researchers consider periods of development arranged according to age, they are taking
which type of approach?
a. traditional
b. scientific
c. chronological
d. transitional
TU
2. Which of the following statements comes closest to describing the principle central to Darwin’s idea of natural
selection?
a. Individuals within a species vary, and those with the best adapted characteristics survive to reproduce,
thereby passing their genes to future generations.
b. Nature selects the particular individuals that have the best characteristics and these individuals are
allowed to interbreed with each other, thereby creating the strongest offspring.
c. People prefer to mate with the most attractive members of the opposite sex, selecting their mates
TO
according to natural factors related to physical attractiveness.
d. Humans evolved from the apes.
3. Emily is 2 years old. In which of Freud’s psychosexual stages of development is she most likely immersed?
a. anal
b. oral
c. latency
R
d. phallic
4. Suppose that Peggy once became ill after eating pizza. Now anytime that she smells pizza she starts to feel
queasy. Peggy’s situation has most likely developed as the result of:
G
a. adaptation
b. assimilation
c. classical conditioning
d. operant conditioning
U
5. Two-year-old Katherine sees a goat for the first time, and calls it a cow because it has
four legs and horns. According to Piaget, Katherine’s response is best considered an example of:
a. fixation
R
b. re-classification
c. accommodation
d. assimilation
U
6. A researcher conducts in-depth interviews and observations of an individual survivor of the war in Afghanistan.
What data collection method has she used?
a. case study
b. correlation
c. survey
d. naturalistic observation
, 7. Dr. Albert is interested in how thinking changes in adolescence and early adulthood. She identifies a group of
people who are 18 years old, a second group who are 22 years old, and a third group who are 26 years old. She asks
participants in all three groups to answer some questions testing their moral reasoning skills. Her research study is
best considered an example of:
a. a longitudinal study
b. a cross-sectional study
c. a sequential-cohort study
d. an age-cohort experiment
8. A researcher investigating the effect of peer tutoring on reading skills studies two groups of children in remedial
reading classes. One group receives peer tutoring three times a week for three months, the other group does not. At
TU
the end of the three months, the two groups are tested in reading skills. What is the dependent variable in this
experiment?
a. peer tutoring versus no tutoring
b. reading skills level at the beginning of the experiment
c. reading skills level at the end of the experiment
d. the number of children in each group
9. Which of the following methods of assigning participants to groups in an experiment is the best example of
TO
random sampling?
a. putting the girls in one group and the boys in another
b. making sure that children are able to select the group to which they want to belong
c. putting all children’s names in a hat and drawing names to form the groups, even if this results in having
unequal numbers of boys and girls in the groups
d. having the teacher assign children to groups in order to best separate friends from each other
R
10. When George agrees to participate in a research study, he is told that he may quit at any point for any reason.
The reason for this option of quitting is required by the ethical guideline the text refers to as:
a. informed consent
b. protection from harm
G
c. beneficial treatments
d. privacy and confidentiality
U
R
U
Understanding Human Development, 4th Edition
by Wendy Dunn, Grace Craig
TU
TO
R
G
U
R
U
, Table of Content
1. Fundamentals of Human Development
2. Heredity and Environment
3. Prenatal Development and Childbirth
4. Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
5. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
6. Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development in Early Childhood
7. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Early Childhood
TU
8. Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
9. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Middle Childhood
10. Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
TO
11. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
12. Physical and Cognitive Development in Young Adulthood
13. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Young Adulthood
14. Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood
R
15. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Middle Adulthood
G
16. Physical and Cognitive Development in Older Adulthood
17. Personality and Sociocultural Development in Older Adulthood
U
18. Death and Dying
R
U
,Name
Chapter 1—Understanding Human Development—Quick Quiz 1
1. When developmental researchers consider periods of development arranged according to age, they are taking
which type of approach?
a. traditional
b. scientific
c. chronological
d. transitional
TU
2. Which of the following statements comes closest to describing the principle central to Darwin’s idea of natural
selection?
a. Individuals within a species vary, and those with the best adapted characteristics survive to reproduce,
thereby passing their genes to future generations.
b. Nature selects the particular individuals that have the best characteristics and these individuals are
allowed to interbreed with each other, thereby creating the strongest offspring.
c. People prefer to mate with the most attractive members of the opposite sex, selecting their mates
TO
according to natural factors related to physical attractiveness.
d. Humans evolved from the apes.
3. Emily is 2 years old. In which of Freud’s psychosexual stages of development is she most likely immersed?
a. anal
b. oral
c. latency
R
d. phallic
4. Suppose that Peggy once became ill after eating pizza. Now anytime that she smells pizza she starts to feel
queasy. Peggy’s situation has most likely developed as the result of:
G
a. adaptation
b. assimilation
c. classical conditioning
d. operant conditioning
U
5. Two-year-old Katherine sees a goat for the first time, and calls it a cow because it has
four legs and horns. According to Piaget, Katherine’s response is best considered an example of:
a. fixation
R
b. re-classification
c. accommodation
d. assimilation
U
6. A researcher conducts in-depth interviews and observations of an individual survivor of the war in Afghanistan.
What data collection method has she used?
a. case study
b. correlation
c. survey
d. naturalistic observation
, 7. Dr. Albert is interested in how thinking changes in adolescence and early adulthood. She identifies a group of
people who are 18 years old, a second group who are 22 years old, and a third group who are 26 years old. She asks
participants in all three groups to answer some questions testing their moral reasoning skills. Her research study is
best considered an example of:
a. a longitudinal study
b. a cross-sectional study
c. a sequential-cohort study
d. an age-cohort experiment
8. A researcher investigating the effect of peer tutoring on reading skills studies two groups of children in remedial
reading classes. One group receives peer tutoring three times a week for three months, the other group does not. At
TU
the end of the three months, the two groups are tested in reading skills. What is the dependent variable in this
experiment?
a. peer tutoring versus no tutoring
b. reading skills level at the beginning of the experiment
c. reading skills level at the end of the experiment
d. the number of children in each group
9. Which of the following methods of assigning participants to groups in an experiment is the best example of
TO
random sampling?
a. putting the girls in one group and the boys in another
b. making sure that children are able to select the group to which they want to belong
c. putting all children’s names in a hat and drawing names to form the groups, even if this results in having
unequal numbers of boys and girls in the groups
d. having the teacher assign children to groups in order to best separate friends from each other
R
10. When George agrees to participate in a research study, he is told that he may quit at any point for any reason.
The reason for this option of quitting is required by the ethical guideline the text refers to as:
a. informed consent
b. protection from harm
G
c. beneficial treatments
d. privacy and confidentiality
U
R
U
