MCB c114 Midterm 1 Exam Questions
With Correct Answers
Stages of viral infection - ANSWER 1. attachment 2. penetration 3.
uncoating 4. replication 5 assembly 6. release
Four main virus morphologies - ANSWER helical, icosahedral, enveloped,
complex
Edward Jenner - ANSWER developed first vaccine for smallpox in 1798
Louis Pasteur - ANSWER developed first rabies vaccine in 1898
Germ Theory of Disease - ANSWER developed by Robert Koch and Louis
Pasteur, disease is caused by an infectious agent, couldn't be cultured
Martinus Beijerinck - ANSWER father of virology, showed tobacco mosaic
virus was not a bacterium or fungus, contagious living liquid
Felix d'Herelle - ANSWER isolated bacterial phages and showed they only
reproduce in bacteria
Wendell Stanley and Bawden/Pirie - ANSWER showed virus crystals
contain protein/phsophorous
Max Delbruck - ANSWER the phage group, studied life cycle of the
bacteriophage
Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey - ANSWER used phages to show that
DNA carries the genetic info
, Discovery of mRNA - ANSWER bacteria grown in radioactive C and N,
infected with phage, grown in radioactive P, and separated by density,
radioactive C and N in partially and fully assembled ribosomes, radioactive
P found in fully assembled ribosomes and RNA
Capsomers - ANSWER morphological units seen on surfaces made of
clusters of structural units
Icosahedral symmetry - ANSWER 20-sided with 3-fold, 2-fold, and 5-fold
axes, + charged interior to offset - charged RNA, individual subunits are
often identical B-sheets
Satellite Panicum Mosaic Virus structure - ANSWER building block is 8-
stranded B-barrel, antiparallel strands, forms jelly roll fold bc easy to form
from hairpin
IFN-R - ANSWER receptor of type 1 interferon that leads to rest of immune
response, activates antiviral functions
IFN-1 - ANSWER type 1 interferon, expressed in the presence of
pathogens or atypical nucleic acid, secreted and leads to expression of
restriction factors
2',5' oligo(A) synthetase and ribonuclease L - ANSWER activated by
dsRNA, synthesizes poly A 2'-5' which binds to ribonuclease L to destroy
mRNA
Ebola VP35 - ANSWER associates w/ dsRNA to precent recognition by
host and inhibits IFN-1 activations
Vaccina virus B18R - ANSWER homologous to IFN-R, competes for
binding of IFN-1
NK cells - ANSWER natural killers, required for viral immune response until
adaptive kicks in, boosted by IFN-1, induce apoptosis of infected cells
Regulation of NK cells - ANSWER inhibited by self-presented MHC from
normal cells, stimulated by stimulatory ligands produced in immune
response
With Correct Answers
Stages of viral infection - ANSWER 1. attachment 2. penetration 3.
uncoating 4. replication 5 assembly 6. release
Four main virus morphologies - ANSWER helical, icosahedral, enveloped,
complex
Edward Jenner - ANSWER developed first vaccine for smallpox in 1798
Louis Pasteur - ANSWER developed first rabies vaccine in 1898
Germ Theory of Disease - ANSWER developed by Robert Koch and Louis
Pasteur, disease is caused by an infectious agent, couldn't be cultured
Martinus Beijerinck - ANSWER father of virology, showed tobacco mosaic
virus was not a bacterium or fungus, contagious living liquid
Felix d'Herelle - ANSWER isolated bacterial phages and showed they only
reproduce in bacteria
Wendell Stanley and Bawden/Pirie - ANSWER showed virus crystals
contain protein/phsophorous
Max Delbruck - ANSWER the phage group, studied life cycle of the
bacteriophage
Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey - ANSWER used phages to show that
DNA carries the genetic info
, Discovery of mRNA - ANSWER bacteria grown in radioactive C and N,
infected with phage, grown in radioactive P, and separated by density,
radioactive C and N in partially and fully assembled ribosomes, radioactive
P found in fully assembled ribosomes and RNA
Capsomers - ANSWER morphological units seen on surfaces made of
clusters of structural units
Icosahedral symmetry - ANSWER 20-sided with 3-fold, 2-fold, and 5-fold
axes, + charged interior to offset - charged RNA, individual subunits are
often identical B-sheets
Satellite Panicum Mosaic Virus structure - ANSWER building block is 8-
stranded B-barrel, antiparallel strands, forms jelly roll fold bc easy to form
from hairpin
IFN-R - ANSWER receptor of type 1 interferon that leads to rest of immune
response, activates antiviral functions
IFN-1 - ANSWER type 1 interferon, expressed in the presence of
pathogens or atypical nucleic acid, secreted and leads to expression of
restriction factors
2',5' oligo(A) synthetase and ribonuclease L - ANSWER activated by
dsRNA, synthesizes poly A 2'-5' which binds to ribonuclease L to destroy
mRNA
Ebola VP35 - ANSWER associates w/ dsRNA to precent recognition by
host and inhibits IFN-1 activations
Vaccina virus B18R - ANSWER homologous to IFN-R, competes for
binding of IFN-1
NK cells - ANSWER natural killers, required for viral immune response until
adaptive kicks in, boosted by IFN-1, induce apoptosis of infected cells
Regulation of NK cells - ANSWER inhibited by self-presented MHC from
normal cells, stimulated by stimulatory ligands produced in immune
response
