NGR 6172 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2
2026/2027 | STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & EXAM REVIEW
1 of 164
Term
physiologic effects of glucocorticoids
Give this one a go later!
MOA: - inhibits activity of osteoclasts, - inhibits tubular resorption of calcium
uses: postmenopausal osteoporosis, Paget disease, hypercalcemia
AE: nasal irritation
- metabolism of carbs/proteins/fats & elevation of glucose
- maintain functional integrity of vascular system
- CNS neural excitability
- stress response
- fluid and electrolyte balance
- neonatal resp development
- antiinflammatory and immunosuppressant
, Mirena, Skyla, etc.
thicken cervical mucus, inhibit ovulation, alter endometrium
AE: bleeding irregularities (spotting, amenorrhea, etc)
3-7 years depending on dose form
finasteride (Proscar)
inhibits the enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT, the active form in the
prostate -> decreases mechanical obstruction of the urethra
reduce prostate size over 6+ months
AE: decreased libido, gynecomastia, teratogenic
Don't know?
2 of 164
Definition
- if 1 or more pills are missed in the FIRST WEEK, take 1 pill ASAP and
continue the pack. use additional protection for 7 days
- if 1 or 2 pills are missed during SECOND/THIRD WEEK, take 1 ASAP
and continue with the active pills, but skip placebo pills and go straight
to a new pack
- if 3 or more pills are missed during SECOND/THIRD WEEK, follow the
same instructions but use additional protection for 7 days
,Give this one a go later!
what to do if a dose of OC is
acetaminophen [tylenol, ofirmev]
missed
mifepristone (RU 486) with
repaglinide (prandin, gluconorm)
misoprostol
Don't know?
3 of 164
Definition
weakness, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, anorexia, abd cramping,
constipation
severe -> polyuria, nocturia, proteinuria, seizures, confusion, ataxia,
cardiac dysrhythmias
Give this one a go later!
pneumococcal infection pseudoephedrine
copper IUDs hypercalcemia s/s
Don't know?
, 4 of 164
Term
h. influenzae type b
Give this one a go later!
SGLT-2 inhibitor
AE: female genital fungal infections, UTIs, increased urination
postural hypotension/dizziness in older adults
interactions: rifampin, phenytoin, phenobarbital decrease efficacy, diuretics
gram neg bacteria that can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and serious
throat/ear infections
leading cause of illness in kids under 5 and most common cause of bacterial
meningitis
doses:
- #1 2 months
- #2 4 months
- #3 6 months
- #4 between 12-15 months
- role in antibody production by b cells
- release factors that promote type IV hypersensitivity reactions (delayed-type)
- participate in activation of cytolytic t cells
2026/2027 | STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS & EXAM REVIEW
1 of 164
Term
physiologic effects of glucocorticoids
Give this one a go later!
MOA: - inhibits activity of osteoclasts, - inhibits tubular resorption of calcium
uses: postmenopausal osteoporosis, Paget disease, hypercalcemia
AE: nasal irritation
- metabolism of carbs/proteins/fats & elevation of glucose
- maintain functional integrity of vascular system
- CNS neural excitability
- stress response
- fluid and electrolyte balance
- neonatal resp development
- antiinflammatory and immunosuppressant
, Mirena, Skyla, etc.
thicken cervical mucus, inhibit ovulation, alter endometrium
AE: bleeding irregularities (spotting, amenorrhea, etc)
3-7 years depending on dose form
finasteride (Proscar)
inhibits the enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT, the active form in the
prostate -> decreases mechanical obstruction of the urethra
reduce prostate size over 6+ months
AE: decreased libido, gynecomastia, teratogenic
Don't know?
2 of 164
Definition
- if 1 or more pills are missed in the FIRST WEEK, take 1 pill ASAP and
continue the pack. use additional protection for 7 days
- if 1 or 2 pills are missed during SECOND/THIRD WEEK, take 1 ASAP
and continue with the active pills, but skip placebo pills and go straight
to a new pack
- if 3 or more pills are missed during SECOND/THIRD WEEK, follow the
same instructions but use additional protection for 7 days
,Give this one a go later!
what to do if a dose of OC is
acetaminophen [tylenol, ofirmev]
missed
mifepristone (RU 486) with
repaglinide (prandin, gluconorm)
misoprostol
Don't know?
3 of 164
Definition
weakness, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, anorexia, abd cramping,
constipation
severe -> polyuria, nocturia, proteinuria, seizures, confusion, ataxia,
cardiac dysrhythmias
Give this one a go later!
pneumococcal infection pseudoephedrine
copper IUDs hypercalcemia s/s
Don't know?
, 4 of 164
Term
h. influenzae type b
Give this one a go later!
SGLT-2 inhibitor
AE: female genital fungal infections, UTIs, increased urination
postural hypotension/dizziness in older adults
interactions: rifampin, phenytoin, phenobarbital decrease efficacy, diuretics
gram neg bacteria that can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and serious
throat/ear infections
leading cause of illness in kids under 5 and most common cause of bacterial
meningitis
doses:
- #1 2 months
- #2 4 months
- #3 6 months
- #4 between 12-15 months
- role in antibody production by b cells
- release factors that promote type IV hypersensitivity reactions (delayed-type)
- participate in activation of cytolytic t cells
