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DATABASE & SQL — QUESTIONS, ANSWERS, AND RATIONALES
A database administrator is analyzing an address entry: "San Francisco, CA 94110,
USA." How many distinct attributes are present in this address?
a. 2
b. 3
,c. 4
d. 5
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The address contains four distinct attributes: City (San Francisco), State (CA), ZIP
Code (94110), and Country (USA). Each attribute represents a separate piece of data
that would typically be stored in its own column in a normalized database table.
Options A, B, and D are incorrect counts.
A database designer is evaluating a table that stores address information: "Portland,
OR 97212." How many attributes are present in this entry?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The address contains three distinct attributes: City (Portland), State (OR), and ZIP
Code (97212). These are separate data elements that should be stored in individual
columns for proper data organization and querying. Option B is correct.
A database administrator is designing a Package table for a shipping company.
Which column should be selected as the primary key?
, a. Weight
b. Description
c. ShipDate
d. TrackingNumber
✔️ Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
A primary key must contain unique, non-null values that remain stable over time.
TrackingNumber uniquely identifies each package, does not change, and is unlikely
to have duplicates. Weight, Description, and ShipDate can all have duplicate values
across different packages, making them unsuitable as primary keys.
A healthcare database includes a Patient table. Which column is most appropriate
as the primary key?
a. patient_name
b. patient_birthdate
c. patient_ssn
d. patient_id
✔️ Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
patient_id is a system-generated unique identifier that is stable, unique for each
patient, and never null. Names can change or duplicate, birthdates can duplicate,
and while SSN might be unique, it is considered sensitive personally identifiable
information (PII) and should not be used as a primary key for security and privacy
reasons.