NSG 300 PROFESSIONAL NURSING
FOUNDATIONS AND HEALTH
ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM
1. When performing an abdominal assessment, in what order should the nurse perform the
physical examination techniques?
A. Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
B. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
C. Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, Inspection
D. Auscultation, Inspection, Palpation, Percussion
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: In abdominal assessment, auscultation is performed before
percussion and palpation to avoid stimulating bowel sounds, which would lead to an
inaccurate assessment.
2. A nurse is assessing a patient with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which finding
requires immediate intervention?
A. Unilateral calf swelling
,B. Warmth and redness in the affected leg
C. Sudden onset of shortness of breath and chest pain
D. Pain in the calf upon dorsiflexion of the foot
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Sudden shortness of breath and chest pain are signs of a
pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening complication of DVT.
3. Which heart sound is considered an early sign of heart failure and is often referred to as a
ventricular gallop?
A. S1
B. S2
C. S4
D. S3
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: S3 is a low-pitched sound heard in early diastole, indicating
rapid ventricular filling, common in heart failure.
4. A nurse is caring for a patient who speaks a different language. Which action is most
appropriate to ensure effective communication?
A. Use a certified medical interpreter
B. Speak slowly and loudly in English
, C. Ask the patient’s daughter to translate
D. Use hand gestures and pictures only
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Using a certified medical interpreter ensures accuracy and
maintains patient confidentiality and legal standards.
5. When assessing the cranial nerves, the nurse asks the patient to stick out their tongue.
Which nerve is being tested?
A. CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)
B. CN X (Vagus)
C. CN XI (Spinal Accessory)
D. CN XII (Hypoglossal)
E. CN XII (Hypoglossal)
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: CN XII, the hypoglossal nerve, controls the movement of the
tongue.
6. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding when they support a patient’s right to refuse
a recommended medical treatment?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
FOUNDATIONS AND HEALTH
ASSESSMENT FINAL EXAM
1. When performing an abdominal assessment, in what order should the nurse perform the
physical examination techniques?
A. Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
B. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
C. Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, Inspection
D. Auscultation, Inspection, Palpation, Percussion
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: In abdominal assessment, auscultation is performed before
percussion and palpation to avoid stimulating bowel sounds, which would lead to an
inaccurate assessment.
2. A nurse is assessing a patient with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which finding
requires immediate intervention?
A. Unilateral calf swelling
,B. Warmth and redness in the affected leg
C. Sudden onset of shortness of breath and chest pain
D. Pain in the calf upon dorsiflexion of the foot
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Sudden shortness of breath and chest pain are signs of a
pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening complication of DVT.
3. Which heart sound is considered an early sign of heart failure and is often referred to as a
ventricular gallop?
A. S1
B. S2
C. S4
D. S3
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: S3 is a low-pitched sound heard in early diastole, indicating
rapid ventricular filling, common in heart failure.
4. A nurse is caring for a patient who speaks a different language. Which action is most
appropriate to ensure effective communication?
A. Use a certified medical interpreter
B. Speak slowly and loudly in English
, C. Ask the patient’s daughter to translate
D. Use hand gestures and pictures only
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Using a certified medical interpreter ensures accuracy and
maintains patient confidentiality and legal standards.
5. When assessing the cranial nerves, the nurse asks the patient to stick out their tongue.
Which nerve is being tested?
A. CN IX (Glossopharyngeal)
B. CN X (Vagus)
C. CN XI (Spinal Accessory)
D. CN XII (Hypoglossal)
E. CN XII (Hypoglossal)
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: CN XII, the hypoglossal nerve, controls the movement of the
tongue.
6. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding when they support a patient’s right to refuse
a recommended medical treatment?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
