WGU C287 Pathophysiology Final Exam 2026/2027
COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION
|BEST DOCUMENT FOR EXAM 2026/2027
2026/2027 Frequently Most Tested Questions
and 100% Accurate From Past papers | Graded
A+ , Reviewed and Updated | 100% Guarantee
Pass | Latest Exam and Newest Version!!!
A nurse is reviewing lab results for a client with bacterial infection. Which
finding is most consistent with an acute bacterial infection?
a. Decreased neutrophils
b. Increased neutrophils
c. Decreased lymphocytes
d. Increased eosinophils
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Increased neutrophils
Rationale:
Neutrophils are the primary responders in acute bacterial infections. An
elevated neutrophil count (neutrophilia) indicates active bacterial infection
,or inflammation. Eosinophils are associated with allergies and parasitic
infections. Lymphocytes are more associated with viral infections. NCLEX
focus: Immune Response / Infection.
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing
worsening hypoxia. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result is expected?
a. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 30
b. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 55
c. pH 7.40, PaCO₂ 40
d. pH 7.50, PaCO₂ 20
✔️ Correct Answer: b. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 55
Rationale:
COPD typically causes respiratory acidosis due to CO₂ retention. Low pH and
elevated PaCO₂ indicate hypoventilation. The other options reflect alkalosis
or normal values. NCLEX focus: Respiratory System / ABGs.
A nurse is assessing a client with left-sided heart failure. Which finding is
expected?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Pulmonary crackles
c. Hepatomegaly
d. Ascites
,✔️ Correct Answer: b. Pulmonary crackles
Rationale:
Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion leading to crackles
and dyspnea. Right-sided failure causes systemic congestion such as edema
and hepatomegaly. NCLEX focus: Cardiovascular Pathophysiology.
A client with diabetes mellitus has polyuria and polydipsia. What is the
underlying mechanism?
a. Excess insulin production
b. Osmotic diuresis due to hyperglycemia
c. Increased aldosterone secretion
d. Decreased glucagon levels
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Osmotic diuresis due to hyperglycemia
Rationale:
High blood glucose causes glucose to spill into urine, drawing water with it
(osmotic diuresis), leading to dehydration and thirst. NCLEX focus: Endocrine
System.
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which pathophysiological change
occurs during an acute attack?
a. Bronchodilation
b. Airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
, c. Alveolar collapse only
d. Increased surfactant production
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
Rationale:
Asthma involves airway inflammation, bronchospasm, and mucus
production leading to obstruction. NCLEX focus: Respiratory Disorders.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is at risk for anemia due to:
a. Excess iron intake
b. Decreased erythropoietin production
c. Increased vitamin B12
d. Overhydration
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Decreased erythropoietin production
Rationale:
The kidneys produce erythropoietin, which stimulates RBC production. CKD
reduces this hormone leading to anemia. NCLEX focus: Renal System.
A nurse is assessing a client with hypocalcemia. Which symptom is
expected?
a. Muscle weakness
b. Hyperreflexia and tetany
c. Bradycardia only
d. Flaccid paralysis without reflexes
COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION
|BEST DOCUMENT FOR EXAM 2026/2027
2026/2027 Frequently Most Tested Questions
and 100% Accurate From Past papers | Graded
A+ , Reviewed and Updated | 100% Guarantee
Pass | Latest Exam and Newest Version!!!
A nurse is reviewing lab results for a client with bacterial infection. Which
finding is most consistent with an acute bacterial infection?
a. Decreased neutrophils
b. Increased neutrophils
c. Decreased lymphocytes
d. Increased eosinophils
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Increased neutrophils
Rationale:
Neutrophils are the primary responders in acute bacterial infections. An
elevated neutrophil count (neutrophilia) indicates active bacterial infection
,or inflammation. Eosinophils are associated with allergies and parasitic
infections. Lymphocytes are more associated with viral infections. NCLEX
focus: Immune Response / Infection.
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing
worsening hypoxia. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result is expected?
a. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 30
b. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 55
c. pH 7.40, PaCO₂ 40
d. pH 7.50, PaCO₂ 20
✔️ Correct Answer: b. pH 7.32, PaCO₂ 55
Rationale:
COPD typically causes respiratory acidosis due to CO₂ retention. Low pH and
elevated PaCO₂ indicate hypoventilation. The other options reflect alkalosis
or normal values. NCLEX focus: Respiratory System / ABGs.
A nurse is assessing a client with left-sided heart failure. Which finding is
expected?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Pulmonary crackles
c. Hepatomegaly
d. Ascites
,✔️ Correct Answer: b. Pulmonary crackles
Rationale:
Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion leading to crackles
and dyspnea. Right-sided failure causes systemic congestion such as edema
and hepatomegaly. NCLEX focus: Cardiovascular Pathophysiology.
A client with diabetes mellitus has polyuria and polydipsia. What is the
underlying mechanism?
a. Excess insulin production
b. Osmotic diuresis due to hyperglycemia
c. Increased aldosterone secretion
d. Decreased glucagon levels
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Osmotic diuresis due to hyperglycemia
Rationale:
High blood glucose causes glucose to spill into urine, drawing water with it
(osmotic diuresis), leading to dehydration and thirst. NCLEX focus: Endocrine
System.
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which pathophysiological change
occurs during an acute attack?
a. Bronchodilation
b. Airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
, c. Alveolar collapse only
d. Increased surfactant production
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
Rationale:
Asthma involves airway inflammation, bronchospasm, and mucus
production leading to obstruction. NCLEX focus: Respiratory Disorders.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is at risk for anemia due to:
a. Excess iron intake
b. Decreased erythropoietin production
c. Increased vitamin B12
d. Overhydration
✔️ Correct Answer: b. Decreased erythropoietin production
Rationale:
The kidneys produce erythropoietin, which stimulates RBC production. CKD
reduces this hormone leading to anemia. NCLEX focus: Renal System.
A nurse is assessing a client with hypocalcemia. Which symptom is
expected?
a. Muscle weakness
b. Hyperreflexia and tetany
c. Bradycardia only
d. Flaccid paralysis without reflexes
