NR293 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 CORE DRUG
CLASS AND BASIC PRINCIPLES REVIEW 2026
◉ Morphine sulfate.
Answer: Opioid Analgesic-
Uses: MI, Cancer pain, SOB for dyspnea
S/E: urinary retention, dizziness, pinpoint pupils
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression, severe
hypotension
Pt teaching: teach of abuse potential, avoid use of alcohol, change
positions
Nursing Considerations: Use extreme caution with MAO inhibitors,
assess conscience level, BP, pulse, and respirations
Lab values: Liver enzymes
Contraindications: hepatic/ renal dysfunction
◉ Naloxone.
Answer: Opioid Antagonist (NARCAN)-
Uses: Opioid overdose, Reserves respiratory depression
S/E: N/V, hypertension, hypotension
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Ventricular arrhythmias
,Nursing Considerations: monitor respiratory rate, BP, and pulse,
given in slow increments.
◉ Sumatriptan.
Answer: Anti- (Migraine)-
Uses: Migraines, Cluster headache
S/E: Drowsy, Flushing, warm sensation
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Bradycardia
Pt teaching: Only use during a migraine attack, avoid alcohol,
overuse can cause headache
Contraindications: History of hypertension, liver failure, pregnancy
◉ Methylphenidate.
Answer: CNS Stimulant- (Amphetamine Like drug)-
Uses: ADHD, Narcolepsy
S/E: Insomnia, Irritability, weight loss, decreased appetite
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Growth suppression, Hypertension,
Tachycardia, sudden death, anaphylaxis,
PT teaching: Take early in day, Eat more calories
Nursing considerations: Monitor height/weight
Contraindications: Anxiety, hypertension, history of seizures,
coronary artery disease
, ◉ Valproate acid.
Answer: Antiseizure- (Valproate)-
Uses: Seizures
S/E: Drowsy, Dizzy
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: hepatotoxicity, suicidal thoughts
Pt teaching: monitor CBC, platelets, bleeding time
Nursing considerations: Institute seizure, precautions, assess
suicidal tendencies
Contraindications: Pregnancy, PT's with liver disease
( Take 2-3 hours before or after antacids)( Take @ same time every
day)
◉ - Phenobarbital.
Answer: Antiseizure- Barbiturate-
Uses: Anti-convulsant
S/E: Drowsy, Dizzy
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression if you take too
much
Pt teaching: Notify PCP of S/S of angioedema, fever, sore throat,
swelling, nose bleeds, No alcohol
Nursing considerations: Monitor BP, Pulse, Resp, S/S of angioedema
Lab values: Hepatic function, renal function, CBC
Contraindications: Pregnancy
CLASS AND BASIC PRINCIPLES REVIEW 2026
◉ Morphine sulfate.
Answer: Opioid Analgesic-
Uses: MI, Cancer pain, SOB for dyspnea
S/E: urinary retention, dizziness, pinpoint pupils
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression, severe
hypotension
Pt teaching: teach of abuse potential, avoid use of alcohol, change
positions
Nursing Considerations: Use extreme caution with MAO inhibitors,
assess conscience level, BP, pulse, and respirations
Lab values: Liver enzymes
Contraindications: hepatic/ renal dysfunction
◉ Naloxone.
Answer: Opioid Antagonist (NARCAN)-
Uses: Opioid overdose, Reserves respiratory depression
S/E: N/V, hypertension, hypotension
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Ventricular arrhythmias
,Nursing Considerations: monitor respiratory rate, BP, and pulse,
given in slow increments.
◉ Sumatriptan.
Answer: Anti- (Migraine)-
Uses: Migraines, Cluster headache
S/E: Drowsy, Flushing, warm sensation
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Bradycardia
Pt teaching: Only use during a migraine attack, avoid alcohol,
overuse can cause headache
Contraindications: History of hypertension, liver failure, pregnancy
◉ Methylphenidate.
Answer: CNS Stimulant- (Amphetamine Like drug)-
Uses: ADHD, Narcolepsy
S/E: Insomnia, Irritability, weight loss, decreased appetite
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Growth suppression, Hypertension,
Tachycardia, sudden death, anaphylaxis,
PT teaching: Take early in day, Eat more calories
Nursing considerations: Monitor height/weight
Contraindications: Anxiety, hypertension, history of seizures,
coronary artery disease
, ◉ Valproate acid.
Answer: Antiseizure- (Valproate)-
Uses: Seizures
S/E: Drowsy, Dizzy
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: hepatotoxicity, suicidal thoughts
Pt teaching: monitor CBC, platelets, bleeding time
Nursing considerations: Institute seizure, precautions, assess
suicidal tendencies
Contraindications: Pregnancy, PT's with liver disease
( Take 2-3 hours before or after antacids)( Take @ same time every
day)
◉ - Phenobarbital.
Answer: Antiseizure- Barbiturate-
Uses: Anti-convulsant
S/E: Drowsy, Dizzy
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression if you take too
much
Pt teaching: Notify PCP of S/S of angioedema, fever, sore throat,
swelling, nose bleeds, No alcohol
Nursing considerations: Monitor BP, Pulse, Resp, S/S of angioedema
Lab values: Hepatic function, renal function, CBC
Contraindications: Pregnancy
