NR293 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
◉ Zolpidem Tartrate.
Answer: Non- Benzodiazepine
Uses: Insomnia
S/E: Dizziness, Drowsiness, Behavioral changes
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Complex sleep behavior
◉ - Lidocaine.
Answer: Local Anesthetic
Uses: Minor procedure
S/E: Confusion, drowsiness, stinging, bradycardia
Nursing considerations: Rapid onset
◉ Spinal, Epidural.
Answer: Spinal Anesthesia-
Uses: Pain, Pregnancy
S/E: Back pain, Shivering
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression, Hypotension,
Headache, Nerve damage
,Pt teaching: Lay flat, Monitor for headache
◉ Ibuprofen.
Answer: NSAID (non-selective)-
Uses: Moderate to high pain, fever, inflammation
S/E: GI distress, Blurred vision, Fluid retention, headache,
peripheral edema
Adverse Reactions/ Toxicity: Seizure, Ulcer, Hearing loss, Tinnitus,
Kidney damage, kidney damage, nephrotoxicity
Pt teaching: take with full glass of water, take as directed, don't take
more than 10 days/pain and 3 days/fever
Nursing considerations: Pts with asthma, allergy, nasal polyps have
high risk for reactions, assess GI bleed, look 4 renal impairment
Lab values: BUN, CBC, serum creatine, liver function test will be
increased, alcohol increases bleeding
Contraindications: CABG, pregnancy, asthma, contraindicated in
bleeding disorders.
◉ Celecoxib.
Answer: NSAID(COX 2 inhibitor)-
Uses: Inflammation, Severe
S/E: Dizziness, GI distress, Peripheral edema, Herbal remedies
,Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Thromboembolism
Contraindications: CABG, Angina, Renal/ Hepatic disfunction
◉ Aspirin.
Answer: NSAID(Salicylate)-
Uses: Inflammation, anti-platelet
S/E: GI distress, Nosebleed
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hearing, Tinnitus, Reye syndrome,
Hyperuricemia
Contraindications: GI bleeding, Gout, Pregnancy
◉ Allopurinol.
Answer: Anti-gout-
Uses: Lowers uric acid levels
S/E: GI upset, dizziness
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hepatotoxicity, hepatotoxicity
Pt teaching: No alcohol, increase water intake, alkaline diet
Nursing considerations: I &O, monitor kidney function
Lab values: I&O, BUN, Creatinine
Contraindications: Severe kidney disease
, ◉ Acetaminophen.
Answer: Non- Opioid Analgesic-
Uses: Pain, fever, NOT NSAID
S/E: GI upset
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hepatotoxicity (Liver), steven Johnson
syndrome, epidermal necrolysis
Pt teaching: Take exactly as directed, chronic used can lead to
hepatotoxicity, avoid alcohol, consult PCP if fever not relieved in 3
days.
Nursing considerations: Asses for overall alcohol use and health
status.
Lab values: Evaluate hepatic hematologic & renal function.
(About 4g/per day)
◉ Morphine sulfate.
Answer: Opioid Analgesic-
Uses: MI, Cancer pain, SOB for dyspnea
S/E: urinary retention, dizziness, pinpoint pupils
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression, severe
hypotension
Pt teaching: teach of abuse potential, avoid use of alcohol, change
positions
Nursing Considerations: Use extreme caution with MAO inhibitors,
assess conscience level, BP, pulse, and respirations
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026
◉ Zolpidem Tartrate.
Answer: Non- Benzodiazepine
Uses: Insomnia
S/E: Dizziness, Drowsiness, Behavioral changes
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Complex sleep behavior
◉ - Lidocaine.
Answer: Local Anesthetic
Uses: Minor procedure
S/E: Confusion, drowsiness, stinging, bradycardia
Nursing considerations: Rapid onset
◉ Spinal, Epidural.
Answer: Spinal Anesthesia-
Uses: Pain, Pregnancy
S/E: Back pain, Shivering
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression, Hypotension,
Headache, Nerve damage
,Pt teaching: Lay flat, Monitor for headache
◉ Ibuprofen.
Answer: NSAID (non-selective)-
Uses: Moderate to high pain, fever, inflammation
S/E: GI distress, Blurred vision, Fluid retention, headache,
peripheral edema
Adverse Reactions/ Toxicity: Seizure, Ulcer, Hearing loss, Tinnitus,
Kidney damage, kidney damage, nephrotoxicity
Pt teaching: take with full glass of water, take as directed, don't take
more than 10 days/pain and 3 days/fever
Nursing considerations: Pts with asthma, allergy, nasal polyps have
high risk for reactions, assess GI bleed, look 4 renal impairment
Lab values: BUN, CBC, serum creatine, liver function test will be
increased, alcohol increases bleeding
Contraindications: CABG, pregnancy, asthma, contraindicated in
bleeding disorders.
◉ Celecoxib.
Answer: NSAID(COX 2 inhibitor)-
Uses: Inflammation, Severe
S/E: Dizziness, GI distress, Peripheral edema, Herbal remedies
,Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Thromboembolism
Contraindications: CABG, Angina, Renal/ Hepatic disfunction
◉ Aspirin.
Answer: NSAID(Salicylate)-
Uses: Inflammation, anti-platelet
S/E: GI distress, Nosebleed
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hearing, Tinnitus, Reye syndrome,
Hyperuricemia
Contraindications: GI bleeding, Gout, Pregnancy
◉ Allopurinol.
Answer: Anti-gout-
Uses: Lowers uric acid levels
S/E: GI upset, dizziness
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hepatotoxicity, hepatotoxicity
Pt teaching: No alcohol, increase water intake, alkaline diet
Nursing considerations: I &O, monitor kidney function
Lab values: I&O, BUN, Creatinine
Contraindications: Severe kidney disease
, ◉ Acetaminophen.
Answer: Non- Opioid Analgesic-
Uses: Pain, fever, NOT NSAID
S/E: GI upset
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hepatotoxicity (Liver), steven Johnson
syndrome, epidermal necrolysis
Pt teaching: Take exactly as directed, chronic used can lead to
hepatotoxicity, avoid alcohol, consult PCP if fever not relieved in 3
days.
Nursing considerations: Asses for overall alcohol use and health
status.
Lab values: Evaluate hepatic hematologic & renal function.
(About 4g/per day)
◉ Morphine sulfate.
Answer: Opioid Analgesic-
Uses: MI, Cancer pain, SOB for dyspnea
S/E: urinary retention, dizziness, pinpoint pupils
Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression, severe
hypotension
Pt teaching: teach of abuse potential, avoid use of alcohol, change
positions
Nursing Considerations: Use extreme caution with MAO inhibitors,
assess conscience level, BP, pulse, and respirations
