COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
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A community health nurse is planning primary prevention activities. Which of the
following best describes primary prevention?
a. Providing rehabilitation after a stroke
b. Screening for hypertension in adults
c. Administering influenza vaccination to older adults
d. Managing complications of diabetes
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs by eliminating risk factors or
increasing resistance. Immunizations, such as influenza vaccines, are classic examples.
Screening (Option B) is secondary prevention, rehabilitation (Option A) and complication
management (Option D) are tertiary prevention. NCLEX focus: levels of prevention.
A nurse is reviewing epidemiological terms. Which of the following best describes
incidence?
a. Total number of existing cases in a population at a given time
b. Number of new cases of a disease in a population over a period of time
,c. Proportion of deaths due to a disease in a population
d. Number of people currently immune to a disease
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Incidence refers to new cases occurring within a specified time period. Prevalence
(Option A) includes all existing cases. Mortality (Option C) refers to deaths, and
immunity (Option D) is unrelated to incidence measurement. NCLEX focus:
epidemiology basics.
A nurse is conducting a community assessment. Which data represents primary data
collection?
a. Reviewing census data
b. Reading hospital discharge records
c. Conducting door-to-door surveys
d. Using public health department reports
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Primary data is collected firsthand by the nurse, such as surveys, interviews, or
observation. Secondary data includes existing sources like census data, hospital records,
and health department reports. NCLEX focus: community assessment.
A public health nurse is investigating an outbreak. Which action should be the first step?
a. Implement control measures
b. Define and confirm the outbreak
c. Administer prophylactic antibiotics
d. Report to the CDC
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The first step in outbreak investigation is to verify that an outbreak exists by comparing
,current cases to expected numbers. Control measures and reporting occur after
confirmation. NCLEX focus: outbreak investigation steps.
A nurse is teaching about the chain of infection. Which is the correct order?
a. Reservoir → portal of exit → host → transmission
b. Agent → reservoir → portal of exit → transmission → portal of entry → susceptible
host
c. Portal of entry → agent → host → reservoir
d. Transmission → agent → reservoir → host
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The chain of infection follows a specific sequence: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of
exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host. Breaking any link
prevents disease spread. NCLEX focus: chain of infection.
A nurse is caring for a client with active tuberculosis. Which type of isolation is required?
a. Contact precautions
b. Droplet precautions
c. Airborne precautions
d. Protective environment
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei and requires airborne
precautions, including an N95 respirator and negative pressure room. NCLEX focus:
transmission-based precautions.
A nurse is identifying clients at highest risk for lead poisoning. Which group is most at
risk?
, a. Older adults in nursing homes
b. Children living in older housing
c. Adults working in offices
d. Adolescents in suburban schools
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Children in older housing are at highest risk due to exposure to lead-based paint and
developing nervous systems, which absorb lead more readily. NCLEX focus:
environmental health.
A nurse is prioritizing disaster victims using START triage. Which client should be tagged
as "red"?
a. A client with a minor ankle sprain
b. A client who is apneic after airway repositioning
c. A client with a respiratory rate of 30 and delayed capillary refill
d. A client with a closed femur fracture and stable vitals
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
"Red" indicates immediate priority for life-threatening but survivable conditions. RR >30
and poor perfusion indicate shock risk. Apneic after airway repositioning (Option B) is
expectant (black). NCLEX focus: disaster triage (START).
A nurse is reviewing herd immunity. Which statement is correct?
a. It protects only vaccinated individuals
b. It occurs when enough people are immune to stop disease spread
c. It eliminates the need for vaccines entirely
d. It applies only to bacterial infections
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Herd immunity occurs when a large portion of the population becomes immune,