BSN Module 1: Anatomy & Physiology I Exam 2026/2027
UPDATE UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
1. Which of the following terms describes the maintenance of a relatively stable
internal environment despite constant changes in the external environment?
A. Metabolism
B. Catabolism
C. Homeostasis
D. Integration
Answer: C
Rationale: Homeostasis is the physiological process by which the body maintains internal
stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for survival.
2. In a negative feedback loop, what is the primary function of the effector?
A. To detect changes in the environment
B. To process information from the receptor
C. To carry out the response that reverses the initial stimulus
D. To set the range of values for a variable
Answer: C
Rationale: The effector receives output from the control center and produces a response
that opposes or diminishes the original stimulus to return the system to homeostasis.
3. Which anatomical plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Transverse plane
D. Midsagittal plane
Answer: C
,Rationale: A transverse (or horizontal) plane divides the body into upper (superior) and
lower (inferior) sections.
4. The heart is located in which specific body cavity?
A. Pleural cavity
B. Pelvic cavity
C. Abdominal cavity
D. Pericardial cavity
Answer: D
Rationale: The pericardial cavity is the fluid-filled space that surrounds the heart, located
within the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity.
5. Which directional term best describes the relationship of the elbow to the
wrist?
A. Proximal
B. Lateral
C. Distal
D. Deep
Answer: A
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body; the
elbow is closer to the shoulder than the wrist is.
6. Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge and orbits the nucleus?
A. Proton
B. Neutron
C. Electron
D. Isotope
Answer: C
Rationale: Electrons are negatively charged particles that occupy shells or orbitals around
the atomic nucleus.
, 7. A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms is
called a(n):
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Covalent bond
D. Metallic bond
Answer: C
Rationale: Covalent bonds occur when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to
achieve stability.
8. What is the normal physiological pH range of human blood?
A. 6.85 – 6.95
B. 7.35 – 7.45
C. 7.00 – 7.10
D. 7.55 – 7.65
Answer: B
Rationale: Human arterial blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45; values
outside this range indicate acidosis or alkalosis.
9. Which macromolecule serves as the primary source of immediate energy for
cellular processes?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates, specifically glucose, are the preferred and most readily
available source of fuel for ATP production.
UPDATE UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
1. Which of the following terms describes the maintenance of a relatively stable
internal environment despite constant changes in the external environment?
A. Metabolism
B. Catabolism
C. Homeostasis
D. Integration
Answer: C
Rationale: Homeostasis is the physiological process by which the body maintains internal
stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for survival.
2. In a negative feedback loop, what is the primary function of the effector?
A. To detect changes in the environment
B. To process information from the receptor
C. To carry out the response that reverses the initial stimulus
D. To set the range of values for a variable
Answer: C
Rationale: The effector receives output from the control center and produces a response
that opposes or diminishes the original stimulus to return the system to homeostasis.
3. Which anatomical plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Frontal plane
C. Transverse plane
D. Midsagittal plane
Answer: C
,Rationale: A transverse (or horizontal) plane divides the body into upper (superior) and
lower (inferior) sections.
4. The heart is located in which specific body cavity?
A. Pleural cavity
B. Pelvic cavity
C. Abdominal cavity
D. Pericardial cavity
Answer: D
Rationale: The pericardial cavity is the fluid-filled space that surrounds the heart, located
within the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity.
5. Which directional term best describes the relationship of the elbow to the
wrist?
A. Proximal
B. Lateral
C. Distal
D. Deep
Answer: A
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body; the
elbow is closer to the shoulder than the wrist is.
6. Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge and orbits the nucleus?
A. Proton
B. Neutron
C. Electron
D. Isotope
Answer: C
Rationale: Electrons are negatively charged particles that occupy shells or orbitals around
the atomic nucleus.
, 7. A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms is
called a(n):
A. Ionic bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Covalent bond
D. Metallic bond
Answer: C
Rationale: Covalent bonds occur when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to
achieve stability.
8. What is the normal physiological pH range of human blood?
A. 6.85 – 6.95
B. 7.35 – 7.45
C. 7.00 – 7.10
D. 7.55 – 7.65
Answer: B
Rationale: Human arterial blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45; values
outside this range indicate acidosis or alkalosis.
9. Which macromolecule serves as the primary source of immediate energy for
cellular processes?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates, specifically glucose, are the preferred and most readily
available source of fuel for ATP production.
