Urinary Tract Infection NCLEX Exam
Questions and Verified Correct Answers
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,The nurse is teaching an 80-year-old client with a urinary
tract infection about the importance of increasing fluids in
the diet. Which of the following puts this client at a risk for
not obtaining sufficient fluids?
1. Diminished liver function.
2. Increased production of antidiuretic hormone.
3. Decreased production of aldosterone.
4. Decreased ability to detect thirst. - Answer: 4.
The sensation of thirst diminishes in those greater than 60
years of age; hence, fluid intake is decreased and
dissolved particles in the extracellular fluid compartment
become more concentrated. There is no change in liver
function in older adults, nor is there a reduction of ADH
and aldosterone as a normal part of aging.
A client with a urinary tract infection is to take
nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) four times each day. The
client asks the nurse, "What should I do if I forget a dose?"
What should the nurse tell the client?
1. "You can wait and take the next dose when it is due."
2. "Double the amount prescribed with your next dose."
3. "Take the prescribed dose as soon as you remember it,
and if it is very close to the time for the next dose, delay
that next dose."
4. "Take a lot of water with a double amount of your
,prescribed dose." - Answer: 3.
Antibiotics have the maximum effect when a blood level
of the medication is maintained. However, because
nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) is readily absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract and is primarily excreted in urine,
toxicity may develop by doubling the dose. The client
should not skip a dose if she realizes that she has missed
one. Additional fluids, especially water, should be
encouraged, but not forced to promote elimination of the
antibiotic from the body. Adequate fluid intake aids in the
prevention of urinary tract infections, in addition to an
acidic urine.
A nurse is assessing a client with a urinary tract infection
who takes an antihypertensive drug. The nurse reviews
the client's urinalysis results pH 6.8, RBC 3 per high power
field, color-yellow, specific gravity-1.030 . The nurse
should:
1. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
2. Withhold the next dose of antihypertensive medication.
3. Restrict the client's sodium intake.
4. Encourage the client to eat at least half of a banana per
day. - Answer: 1.
The client's urine specific gravity is elevated. Specific
gravity is a reflection of the concentrating ability of the
kidneys. This level indicates that the urine is concentrated.
, By increasing fluid intake, the urine will become more
dilute. Antihypertensives do not make urine more
concentrated unless there is a diuretic component within
them. The nurse should not hold a dose of
antihypertensive medication. Sodium tends to pull water
with it; by restricting sodium, less water, not more, will be
present. Bananas do not aid in the dilution of urine.
A client has nephropathy. The physician orders that a 24-
hour urine collection be done for creatinine clearance.
Which of the following actions is necessary to ensure
proper collection of the specimen?
1. Collect the urine in a preservative-free container and
keep it on ice.
2. Inform the client to discard the last voided specimen at
the conclusion of urine collection.
3. Ask the client what his weight is before beginning the
collection of urine.
4. Request an order for insertion of an indwelling urinary
catheter. - Answer: 1.
All urine for creatinine clearance determination must be
saved in a container with no preservatives and
refrigerated or kept on ice. The first urine voided at the
beginning of the collection is discarded, not the last. A self-
report of weight may not be accurate. It is not necessary
to have an indwelling urinary catheter inserted for urine
Questions and Verified Correct Answers
Western Governors University
Premium Online Exam & Class Management Services
Professional • Confidential • Reliable • Results-Oriented
WHY STUDENTS CHOOSE US
Professional management of online classes
Support for proctored examinations
Assignment and coursework coordination
Quiz, test and assessment assistance
Fast communication and timely updates
Strict confidentiality and privacy
SERVICES OFFERED
✓ Online Class Management
✓ Proctored Exam Handling
✓ Weekly Discussion Participation
✓ Coursework Tracking
✓ Academic Scheduling Support
✓ Exam Preparation Guidance
,The nurse is teaching an 80-year-old client with a urinary
tract infection about the importance of increasing fluids in
the diet. Which of the following puts this client at a risk for
not obtaining sufficient fluids?
1. Diminished liver function.
2. Increased production of antidiuretic hormone.
3. Decreased production of aldosterone.
4. Decreased ability to detect thirst. - Answer: 4.
The sensation of thirst diminishes in those greater than 60
years of age; hence, fluid intake is decreased and
dissolved particles in the extracellular fluid compartment
become more concentrated. There is no change in liver
function in older adults, nor is there a reduction of ADH
and aldosterone as a normal part of aging.
A client with a urinary tract infection is to take
nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) four times each day. The
client asks the nurse, "What should I do if I forget a dose?"
What should the nurse tell the client?
1. "You can wait and take the next dose when it is due."
2. "Double the amount prescribed with your next dose."
3. "Take the prescribed dose as soon as you remember it,
and if it is very close to the time for the next dose, delay
that next dose."
4. "Take a lot of water with a double amount of your
,prescribed dose." - Answer: 3.
Antibiotics have the maximum effect when a blood level
of the medication is maintained. However, because
nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) is readily absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract and is primarily excreted in urine,
toxicity may develop by doubling the dose. The client
should not skip a dose if she realizes that she has missed
one. Additional fluids, especially water, should be
encouraged, but not forced to promote elimination of the
antibiotic from the body. Adequate fluid intake aids in the
prevention of urinary tract infections, in addition to an
acidic urine.
A nurse is assessing a client with a urinary tract infection
who takes an antihypertensive drug. The nurse reviews
the client's urinalysis results pH 6.8, RBC 3 per high power
field, color-yellow, specific gravity-1.030 . The nurse
should:
1. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
2. Withhold the next dose of antihypertensive medication.
3. Restrict the client's sodium intake.
4. Encourage the client to eat at least half of a banana per
day. - Answer: 1.
The client's urine specific gravity is elevated. Specific
gravity is a reflection of the concentrating ability of the
kidneys. This level indicates that the urine is concentrated.
, By increasing fluid intake, the urine will become more
dilute. Antihypertensives do not make urine more
concentrated unless there is a diuretic component within
them. The nurse should not hold a dose of
antihypertensive medication. Sodium tends to pull water
with it; by restricting sodium, less water, not more, will be
present. Bananas do not aid in the dilution of urine.
A client has nephropathy. The physician orders that a 24-
hour urine collection be done for creatinine clearance.
Which of the following actions is necessary to ensure
proper collection of the specimen?
1. Collect the urine in a preservative-free container and
keep it on ice.
2. Inform the client to discard the last voided specimen at
the conclusion of urine collection.
3. Ask the client what his weight is before beginning the
collection of urine.
4. Request an order for insertion of an indwelling urinary
catheter. - Answer: 1.
All urine for creatinine clearance determination must be
saved in a container with no preservatives and
refrigerated or kept on ice. The first urine voided at the
beginning of the collection is discarded, not the last. A self-
report of weight may not be accurate. It is not necessary
to have an indwelling urinary catheter inserted for urine
