Hematology | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest
Update 2026/2027
Question: A client is receiving epoetin (Epogen) for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic renal
failure. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that further teaching about this medication is necessary?
1. "I realize it is important to take this medication because it will
cure my anemia."
2. "I know many ways to protect myself from injury because I
am at risk for seizures."
3. "I recognize that I may still need blood transfusions if my
blood values are very low."
4. "I understand that I will still have to take supplemental iron
therapy with this medication."
Answer: Correct
1. "I realize it is important to take this medication because it will cure my anemia."
Epoetin will increase a sense of wellbeing but it will not cure the underlying medical problem; this
misconception needs to be corrected. Seizures are a risk during the first 90 days of therapy, especially if the
hematocrit increases more than four points in a two week period. A dose adjustment may be necessary. Blood
transfusions may still be necessary when the client is severely anemic. Supplemental iron therapy is still
necessary when receiving epoetin because the increased red blood cell production still requires iron.
Question: A client is receiving warfarin (Coumadin) for a pulmonary embolism. Which drug is contraindicated
when taking warfarin?
1. Ferrous sulfate
2. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
3. Atenolol (Tenormin)
4. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Answer: Correct
2. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
Acetylsalicylic acid can cause decreased platelet aggregation, increasing the risk for undesired bleeding that
may occur with administration of anticoagulants. Ferrous sulfate does not affect warfarin; it is used for red
blood cell synthesis. Atenolol is a beta blocker that reduces blood pressure; it does not affect bleeding.
Chlorpromazine is a neuroleptic; it does not affect bleeding.
Question: A client is receiving warfarin (Coumadin). Which test result should the nurse use to determine if the
daily dose of this anticoagulant is therapeutic?
1. International normalized ratio (INR)
2. Accelerated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
3. Bleeding time
4. Sedimentation rate
Answer: Correct
1. International normalized ratio (INR)
Warfarin initially is prescribed day by day, based on INR blood test results. This test provides a standard
system to interpret prothrombin times. APTT is used to evaluate the effects of heparin, which acts on the
intrinsic pathway. Bleeding time is the time required for blood to cease flowing from a small wound; it is not
used for warfarin dosage calculation. Sedimentation rate is a test used to determine the presence of
inflammation or infection; it does not indicate clotting ability.
, Question: A client is diagnosed with pancytopenia caused by chemotherapy. What should a nurse teach the
client about this complication?
1. Begin a program of meticulous mouth care.
2. Avoid traumatic injury and exposure to infection.
3. Increase oral fluid intake to at least 3 L a day.
4. Report unusual muscle cramps or tingling sensations in the
extremities.
Answer: Correct
2. Avoid traumatic injury and exposure to infection.
Reduced platelets increase the likelihood of uncontrolled bleeding; reduced lymphocytes increase the
susceptibility to infection. Beginning a program of meticulous mouth care is helpful for stomatitis, not
pancytopenia; aggressive oral hygiene may precipitate bleeding from the gums. Although fluids may be
increased to flush out the toxic byproducts of chemotherapy, this will have no effect on pancytopenia. Unusual
muscle cramps or tingling sensations in the extremities are signs of hypocalcemia and do not apply to
pancytopenia.
Question: An older adult with cerebral arteriosclerosis is admitted with atrial fibrillation and is started on a
continuous heparin infusion. What clinical finding enables the nurse to conclude that the anticoagulant therapy
is effective?
1. A reduction of confusion
2. An activated partial thromboplastin (APTT) twice the usual
value
3. An absence of ecchymotic areas
4. A decreased viscosity of the blood
Answer: Correct
2. An activated partial thromboplastin (APTT) twice the usual value
Desired anticoagulant effect is achieved when the activated partial thromboplastin time is 1.5 to 2 times
normal. While anticoagulants help prevent thrombi that could block cerebral circulation, they do not increase
cerebral perfusion, and so will not affect existing confusion. Although absence of bleeding suggests that the
drug has not reached toxic levels, it does not indicate its effectiveness. This medication does not affect the
viscosity of blood.
Question: An 11-month-old infant with iron-deficiency anemia is started on an oral iron supplement. What
information should the nurse include when teaching the parents about the side effects of iron supplements?
1. The urine may turn red.
2. The skin will turn yellow.
3. The teeth may become stained.
4. The stools will take on a clay color.
.
Answer: Correct
3. The teeth may become stained.
Liquid oral iron supplements may stain the teeth; brushing the teeth after administration may limit the
discoloration. There should be no change in the color of the urine. Yellowing of the skin is a sign of jaundice; it
is not a side effect of an iron supplement. The stools will become black-green; clay-colored stools are a sign of
biliary obstruction
Update 2026/2027
Question: A client is receiving epoetin (Epogen) for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic renal
failure. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that further teaching about this medication is necessary?
1. "I realize it is important to take this medication because it will
cure my anemia."
2. "I know many ways to protect myself from injury because I
am at risk for seizures."
3. "I recognize that I may still need blood transfusions if my
blood values are very low."
4. "I understand that I will still have to take supplemental iron
therapy with this medication."
Answer: Correct
1. "I realize it is important to take this medication because it will cure my anemia."
Epoetin will increase a sense of wellbeing but it will not cure the underlying medical problem; this
misconception needs to be corrected. Seizures are a risk during the first 90 days of therapy, especially if the
hematocrit increases more than four points in a two week period. A dose adjustment may be necessary. Blood
transfusions may still be necessary when the client is severely anemic. Supplemental iron therapy is still
necessary when receiving epoetin because the increased red blood cell production still requires iron.
Question: A client is receiving warfarin (Coumadin) for a pulmonary embolism. Which drug is contraindicated
when taking warfarin?
1. Ferrous sulfate
2. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
3. Atenolol (Tenormin)
4. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Answer: Correct
2. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
Acetylsalicylic acid can cause decreased platelet aggregation, increasing the risk for undesired bleeding that
may occur with administration of anticoagulants. Ferrous sulfate does not affect warfarin; it is used for red
blood cell synthesis. Atenolol is a beta blocker that reduces blood pressure; it does not affect bleeding.
Chlorpromazine is a neuroleptic; it does not affect bleeding.
Question: A client is receiving warfarin (Coumadin). Which test result should the nurse use to determine if the
daily dose of this anticoagulant is therapeutic?
1. International normalized ratio (INR)
2. Accelerated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)
3. Bleeding time
4. Sedimentation rate
Answer: Correct
1. International normalized ratio (INR)
Warfarin initially is prescribed day by day, based on INR blood test results. This test provides a standard
system to interpret prothrombin times. APTT is used to evaluate the effects of heparin, which acts on the
intrinsic pathway. Bleeding time is the time required for blood to cease flowing from a small wound; it is not
used for warfarin dosage calculation. Sedimentation rate is a test used to determine the presence of
inflammation or infection; it does not indicate clotting ability.
, Question: A client is diagnosed with pancytopenia caused by chemotherapy. What should a nurse teach the
client about this complication?
1. Begin a program of meticulous mouth care.
2. Avoid traumatic injury and exposure to infection.
3. Increase oral fluid intake to at least 3 L a day.
4. Report unusual muscle cramps or tingling sensations in the
extremities.
Answer: Correct
2. Avoid traumatic injury and exposure to infection.
Reduced platelets increase the likelihood of uncontrolled bleeding; reduced lymphocytes increase the
susceptibility to infection. Beginning a program of meticulous mouth care is helpful for stomatitis, not
pancytopenia; aggressive oral hygiene may precipitate bleeding from the gums. Although fluids may be
increased to flush out the toxic byproducts of chemotherapy, this will have no effect on pancytopenia. Unusual
muscle cramps or tingling sensations in the extremities are signs of hypocalcemia and do not apply to
pancytopenia.
Question: An older adult with cerebral arteriosclerosis is admitted with atrial fibrillation and is started on a
continuous heparin infusion. What clinical finding enables the nurse to conclude that the anticoagulant therapy
is effective?
1. A reduction of confusion
2. An activated partial thromboplastin (APTT) twice the usual
value
3. An absence of ecchymotic areas
4. A decreased viscosity of the blood
Answer: Correct
2. An activated partial thromboplastin (APTT) twice the usual value
Desired anticoagulant effect is achieved when the activated partial thromboplastin time is 1.5 to 2 times
normal. While anticoagulants help prevent thrombi that could block cerebral circulation, they do not increase
cerebral perfusion, and so will not affect existing confusion. Although absence of bleeding suggests that the
drug has not reached toxic levels, it does not indicate its effectiveness. This medication does not affect the
viscosity of blood.
Question: An 11-month-old infant with iron-deficiency anemia is started on an oral iron supplement. What
information should the nurse include when teaching the parents about the side effects of iron supplements?
1. The urine may turn red.
2. The skin will turn yellow.
3. The teeth may become stained.
4. The stools will take on a clay color.
.
Answer: Correct
3. The teeth may become stained.
Liquid oral iron supplements may stain the teeth; brushing the teeth after administration may limit the
discoloration. There should be no change in the color of the urine. Yellowing of the skin is a sign of jaundice; it
is not a side effect of an iron supplement. The stools will become black-green; clay-colored stools are a sign of
biliary obstruction
