Certified Hemodialysis Technician (CHT)
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
2025/2026 Q&A |Already graded A+
1. What is the primary function of a hemodialysis machine?
A. Monitor blood pressure
B. Remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood
C. Administer intravenous medications
D. Measure heart rate
Answer: B. Remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood
Rationale: The hemodialysis machine performs the essential function
of filtering the patient’s blood to remove toxins and maintain fluid
balance when kidneys are unable to do so.
2. What is the minimum blood flow rate typically used in adult
hemodialysis?
A. 50 mL/min
B. 100 mL/min
C. 300 mL/min
D. 600 mL/min
Answer: C. 300 mL/min
Rationale: A common adult hemodialysis blood flow rate ranges
between 300–500 mL/min to achieve adequate clearance during the
session.
3. Which vascular access type is considered the gold standard for
long-term hemodialysis?
,A. Central venous catheter
B. Arteriovenous fistula
C. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
D. Subcutaneous port
Answer: B. Arteriovenous fistula
Rationale: AV fistulas are preferred for long-term hemodialysis
because they have lower infection rates and longer patency
compared to other access types.
4. Which of the following is a common complication of
hemodialysis?
A. Hypotension
B. Hyperthermia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A. Hypotension
Rationale: Intradialytic hypotension occurs due to rapid fluid removal,
and it is one of the most common complications during hemodialysis.
5. How often should a hemodialysis patient typically receive
treatment?
A. Once a week
B. Twice a week
C. Three times a week
D. Daily
Answer: C. Three times a week
Rationale: Standard hemodialysis schedules are three sessions per
week, each lasting 3–5 hours, to adequately remove waste and
maintain fluid balance.
,6. Which electrolyte imbalance is a major concern during
hemodialysis?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
Answer: B. Potassium
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is life-threatening and must be closely
monitored and corrected during hemodialysis to prevent cardiac
complications.
7. Which of the following disinfectants is commonly used for
cleaning dialysis machines?
A. Alcohol
B. Sodium hypochlorite
C. Iodine
D. Hydrogen peroxide
Answer: B. Sodium hypochlorite
Rationale: Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is effective in disinfecting
dialysis machines and preventing microbial contamination.
8. Which of the following is the primary cause of anemia in
hemodialysis patients?
A. Blood loss during dialysis
B. Erythropoietin deficiency
C. Iron deficiency
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency
, Answer: B. Erythropoietin deficiency
m m m
Rationale: Chronic kidney disease leads to reduced erythropoietin
m m m m m m m
production, causing decreased red blood cell production and
m m m m m m m m
anemia.
m
9. What is the purpose of heparin in dialysis?
m m m m m m m
A. Reduce blood pressure
m m
B. Prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit
m m m m m
C. Increase ultrafiltration rate
m m
D. Treat infection
m
Answer: B. Prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit
m m m m m m m
Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant used during dialysis to
m m m m m m m m
prevent blood clot formation in the tubing and dialyzer.
m m m m m m m m m
10. What is the target ultrafiltration rate during dialysis?
m m m m m m m
A. The patient’s total fluid volume
m m m m
B. The amount necessary to reach dry weight safely
m m m m m m m
C. Twice the patient’s fluid intake
m m m m
D. 500 mL/hour for all patients
m m m m
Answer: B. The amount necessary to reach dry weight safely
m m m m m m m m m
Rationale: Ultrafiltration removes excess fluid to achieve the
m m m m m m m m
patient’s dry weight while avoiding hypotension and other
m m m m m m m m
complications.
m
11. What is the primary function of the dialyzer?
m m m m m m m
A. Monitor patient vitals
m m
B. Filter waste and excess fluid from the blood
m m m m m m m
C. Administer medications m
D. Measure hemoglobin levels m m
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales
2025/2026 Q&A |Already graded A+
1. What is the primary function of a hemodialysis machine?
A. Monitor blood pressure
B. Remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood
C. Administer intravenous medications
D. Measure heart rate
Answer: B. Remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood
Rationale: The hemodialysis machine performs the essential function
of filtering the patient’s blood to remove toxins and maintain fluid
balance when kidneys are unable to do so.
2. What is the minimum blood flow rate typically used in adult
hemodialysis?
A. 50 mL/min
B. 100 mL/min
C. 300 mL/min
D. 600 mL/min
Answer: C. 300 mL/min
Rationale: A common adult hemodialysis blood flow rate ranges
between 300–500 mL/min to achieve adequate clearance during the
session.
3. Which vascular access type is considered the gold standard for
long-term hemodialysis?
,A. Central venous catheter
B. Arteriovenous fistula
C. Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)
D. Subcutaneous port
Answer: B. Arteriovenous fistula
Rationale: AV fistulas are preferred for long-term hemodialysis
because they have lower infection rates and longer patency
compared to other access types.
4. Which of the following is a common complication of
hemodialysis?
A. Hypotension
B. Hyperthermia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A. Hypotension
Rationale: Intradialytic hypotension occurs due to rapid fluid removal,
and it is one of the most common complications during hemodialysis.
5. How often should a hemodialysis patient typically receive
treatment?
A. Once a week
B. Twice a week
C. Three times a week
D. Daily
Answer: C. Three times a week
Rationale: Standard hemodialysis schedules are three sessions per
week, each lasting 3–5 hours, to adequately remove waste and
maintain fluid balance.
,6. Which electrolyte imbalance is a major concern during
hemodialysis?
A. Sodium
B. Potassium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium
Answer: B. Potassium
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is life-threatening and must be closely
monitored and corrected during hemodialysis to prevent cardiac
complications.
7. Which of the following disinfectants is commonly used for
cleaning dialysis machines?
A. Alcohol
B. Sodium hypochlorite
C. Iodine
D. Hydrogen peroxide
Answer: B. Sodium hypochlorite
Rationale: Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is effective in disinfecting
dialysis machines and preventing microbial contamination.
8. Which of the following is the primary cause of anemia in
hemodialysis patients?
A. Blood loss during dialysis
B. Erythropoietin deficiency
C. Iron deficiency
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency
, Answer: B. Erythropoietin deficiency
m m m
Rationale: Chronic kidney disease leads to reduced erythropoietin
m m m m m m m
production, causing decreased red blood cell production and
m m m m m m m m
anemia.
m
9. What is the purpose of heparin in dialysis?
m m m m m m m
A. Reduce blood pressure
m m
B. Prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit
m m m m m
C. Increase ultrafiltration rate
m m
D. Treat infection
m
Answer: B. Prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit
m m m m m m m
Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant used during dialysis to
m m m m m m m m
prevent blood clot formation in the tubing and dialyzer.
m m m m m m m m m
10. What is the target ultrafiltration rate during dialysis?
m m m m m m m
A. The patient’s total fluid volume
m m m m
B. The amount necessary to reach dry weight safely
m m m m m m m
C. Twice the patient’s fluid intake
m m m m
D. 500 mL/hour for all patients
m m m m
Answer: B. The amount necessary to reach dry weight safely
m m m m m m m m m
Rationale: Ultrafiltration removes excess fluid to achieve the
m m m m m m m m
patient’s dry weight while avoiding hypotension and other
m m m m m m m m
complications.
m
11. What is the primary function of the dialyzer?
m m m m m m m
A. Monitor patient vitals
m m
B. Filter waste and excess fluid from the blood
m m m m m m m
C. Administer medications m
D. Measure hemoglobin levels m m
