ANTHROPOLOGY EXAM 2
Final Examination Questions & Answers with Verified Solutions
2026/2027
1. Which economic exchange relies on market principles where prices are determined by
supply and demand using standardized currency?
A. Generalized reciprocity
B. Redistribution
C. Commercial market exchange
D. Silent barter
Rationale: Market exchanges use standardized money to buy and sell goods and services, with pricing
set dynamically by market forces rather than social relationships.
2. How is a "lineage" defined in kinship analysis?
A. A unilineal descent group whose members demonstrate actual genealogical links to
a known common ancestor
B. A group that claims descent from a mythical or totemic figure without specific links
C. A temporary household formed by unrelated migratory workers
D. An informal friendship network in urban settings
Rationale: Lineages differ from clans because members can explicitly trace each generation back to a
named, real historical ancestor.
3. What residence pattern occurs when a newly married couple resides with or near the
groom's paternal relatives?
A. Matrilocal
B. Patrilocal
C. Neolocal
D. Avunculocal
Rationale: Patrilocal residence is common in patrilineal societies where the wife moves to live with or near
her husband's father's kin group.
, 4. What custom involves wealth transferred from the groom's family to the bride's family
at marriage?
A. Bridewealth
B. Dowry
C. Bride service
D. Inheritance
Rationale: Bridewealth compensates the bride's family for the loss of her domestic labor and reproductive
capacity while cementing inter-group alliances.
5. What is the practice of marrying outside a specific social group or clan called?
A. Endogamy
B. Exogamy
C. Polyandry
D. Polygyny
Rationale: Exogamy mandates marrying outside one's kin or community group, promoting alliances and
preventing internal conflict.
6. Which subsistence strategy uses slash-and-burn field rotation and simple hand tools
without permanent irrigation?
A. Horticulture
B. Intensive agriculture
C. Pastoralism
D. Foraging
Rationale: Horticulture is low-intensity plant cultivation that relies on rainfall, simple tools, and plot rotation
rather than continuous field plowing.
7. What is polyandry?
A. One man married to multiple wives
B. One woman married to multiple husbands
C. Serial monogamy practiced over a lifetime
D. Marrying cross-cousins exclusively
Rationale: Polyandry joins one female with two or more male spouses, often to prevent family land
holdings from splitting among brothers.
Final Examination Questions & Answers with Verified Solutions
2026/2027
1. Which economic exchange relies on market principles where prices are determined by
supply and demand using standardized currency?
A. Generalized reciprocity
B. Redistribution
C. Commercial market exchange
D. Silent barter
Rationale: Market exchanges use standardized money to buy and sell goods and services, with pricing
set dynamically by market forces rather than social relationships.
2. How is a "lineage" defined in kinship analysis?
A. A unilineal descent group whose members demonstrate actual genealogical links to
a known common ancestor
B. A group that claims descent from a mythical or totemic figure without specific links
C. A temporary household formed by unrelated migratory workers
D. An informal friendship network in urban settings
Rationale: Lineages differ from clans because members can explicitly trace each generation back to a
named, real historical ancestor.
3. What residence pattern occurs when a newly married couple resides with or near the
groom's paternal relatives?
A. Matrilocal
B. Patrilocal
C. Neolocal
D. Avunculocal
Rationale: Patrilocal residence is common in patrilineal societies where the wife moves to live with or near
her husband's father's kin group.
, 4. What custom involves wealth transferred from the groom's family to the bride's family
at marriage?
A. Bridewealth
B. Dowry
C. Bride service
D. Inheritance
Rationale: Bridewealth compensates the bride's family for the loss of her domestic labor and reproductive
capacity while cementing inter-group alliances.
5. What is the practice of marrying outside a specific social group or clan called?
A. Endogamy
B. Exogamy
C. Polyandry
D. Polygyny
Rationale: Exogamy mandates marrying outside one's kin or community group, promoting alliances and
preventing internal conflict.
6. Which subsistence strategy uses slash-and-burn field rotation and simple hand tools
without permanent irrigation?
A. Horticulture
B. Intensive agriculture
C. Pastoralism
D. Foraging
Rationale: Horticulture is low-intensity plant cultivation that relies on rainfall, simple tools, and plot rotation
rather than continuous field plowing.
7. What is polyandry?
A. One man married to multiple wives
B. One woman married to multiple husbands
C. Serial monogamy practiced over a lifetime
D. Marrying cross-cousins exclusively
Rationale: Polyandry joins one female with two or more male spouses, often to prevent family land
holdings from splitting among brothers.
