ATI Community Health - Communicable Diseases Exam 4
Study Guide 2026 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. Which element of the epidemiological triangle refers to the physical, social, or
biological factors that contribute to the disease process?
A. Agent
B. Host
C. Vector
D. Environment
Answer: D
Rationale: The environment includes the physical, social, or biological factors that
surround the host and the agent, facilitating the transmission of disease.
2. A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention of
communicable diseases. Which of the following should the nurse include?
A. Providing TB skin tests for healthcare workers
B. Referring a client with HIV to a support group
C. Administering the influenza vaccine at a health fair
D. Monitoring medication compliance in a client with Hep C
Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of disease,
which includes immunizations.
,3. What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis A?
A. Fecal-oral route
B. Sexual intercourse
C. Blood-to-blood contact
D. Airborne droplets
Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via
contaminated food or water.
4. A nurse is screening a client for tuberculosis (TB) using the Mantoux test.
Which of the following induration sizes is considered positive for a client with
HIV?
A. 5 mm
B. 3 mm
C. 10 mm
D. 15 mm
Answer: A
Rationale: For high-risk individuals such as those with HIV, an induration of 5 mm or
greater is considered a positive result.
5. Which of the following diseases must be reported to the CDC by the local
health department due to its status as a nationally notifiable disease?
A. Common Cold
B. Lyme Disease
C. Seasonal Allergies
D. Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Answer: B
Rationale: Lyme disease is on the list of nationally notifiable infectious diseases that must
be reported to ensure surveillance and control.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a client with Pertussis. Which type of isolation
precautions should be implemented?
A. Airborne
B. Droplet
C. Contact
D. Standard only
Answer: B
Rationale: Pertussis (whooping cough) is transmitted through large droplets from the
respiratory tract, requiring droplet precautions.
7. Which of the following represents secondary prevention of communicable
diseases?
A. Lead screening for children at risk
B. Teaching handwashing to preschoolers
C. Providing DOT (Directly Observed Therapy) for TB
D. Using condoms to prevent STIs
Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening to limit the
impact of a disease.
8. In the context of the epidemiological triangle, which of the following is
considered a ‘host’ factor?
A. Bacteria
B. Genetics
C. Pesticides
D. Temperature
Answer: B
Rationale: Host factors are intrinsic to the individual, such as genetics, age, gender, and
immunity.
Study Guide 2026 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. Which element of the epidemiological triangle refers to the physical, social, or
biological factors that contribute to the disease process?
A. Agent
B. Host
C. Vector
D. Environment
Answer: D
Rationale: The environment includes the physical, social, or biological factors that
surround the host and the agent, facilitating the transmission of disease.
2. A nurse is teaching a community group about primary prevention of
communicable diseases. Which of the following should the nurse include?
A. Providing TB skin tests for healthcare workers
B. Referring a client with HIV to a support group
C. Administering the influenza vaccine at a health fair
D. Monitoring medication compliance in a client with Hep C
Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of disease,
which includes immunizations.
,3. What is the primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis A?
A. Fecal-oral route
B. Sexual intercourse
C. Blood-to-blood contact
D. Airborne droplets
Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via
contaminated food or water.
4. A nurse is screening a client for tuberculosis (TB) using the Mantoux test.
Which of the following induration sizes is considered positive for a client with
HIV?
A. 5 mm
B. 3 mm
C. 10 mm
D. 15 mm
Answer: A
Rationale: For high-risk individuals such as those with HIV, an induration of 5 mm or
greater is considered a positive result.
5. Which of the following diseases must be reported to the CDC by the local
health department due to its status as a nationally notifiable disease?
A. Common Cold
B. Lyme Disease
C. Seasonal Allergies
D. Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Answer: B
Rationale: Lyme disease is on the list of nationally notifiable infectious diseases that must
be reported to ensure surveillance and control.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a client with Pertussis. Which type of isolation
precautions should be implemented?
A. Airborne
B. Droplet
C. Contact
D. Standard only
Answer: B
Rationale: Pertussis (whooping cough) is transmitted through large droplets from the
respiratory tract, requiring droplet precautions.
7. Which of the following represents secondary prevention of communicable
diseases?
A. Lead screening for children at risk
B. Teaching handwashing to preschoolers
C. Providing DOT (Directly Observed Therapy) for TB
D. Using condoms to prevent STIs
Answer: A
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and screening to limit the
impact of a disease.
8. In the context of the epidemiological triangle, which of the following is
considered a ‘host’ factor?
A. Bacteria
B. Genetics
C. Pesticides
D. Temperature
Answer: B
Rationale: Host factors are intrinsic to the individual, such as genetics, age, gender, and
immunity.
