ESS 101: FINAL | FROM QUESTION TO PERFECTION| EVERY
QUESTION SOLVED | EVERY SCORE SECURED!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 70%.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
,Joints facilitate weathering because ___________.
a. they increase the acidity of the water
b. permit water and other chemical agents to penetrate below the surface.
c. provide more surface area for the weathering front to attack.
d. none of the above answers are correct.
e. only answers b and c are correct. Answer: e. only answers b and c are correct.
Why did the rill depth increase on the limestone boulders measured on three different alpine
glacial moraines studied along the valley floor?
a. the lower moraine received more precipitation.
b. the lower moraine was comprised of weaker limestone rock that was pre-weathered prior to
deposition.
c. the lower moraine was older and subjected to longer weathering.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above answers are correct as the rill depth remained constant. Answer: c. the
lower moraine was older and subjected to longer weathering.
Limestone will tend to precipitate in sea water when ________.
a. carbon dioxide content decreases
b. carbon dioxide content increases
c. it is agitated by wave actions.
d. answers b and c are correct
e. answers a and c are correct Answer: e. answers a and c are correct
Frost wedging occurs in rock because:
a. water contracts when it freezes to form ice.
b. water expands when it melts
c. water expands when it freezes to form ice.
d. water will expand when it evaporates.
e. none of the above are correct. Answer: c. water expands when it freezes to form ice.
Besides frost wedging which of the following are examples of mechanical weathering?
a. oxidation of iron
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
, b. hydrolysis reaction converting potassium feldspar to kaolinite clay
c. dissolution of calcite
d. all of the above answers are correct
e. none of the above answers are correct Answer: e. none of the above answers are correct
H+ ions utilized in hydrolysis weathering reactions come from _________.
a. primordial waster emitted directly from volcanic eruptions.
b. hydrogen sulfide gas
c. carbonic acid
d. hydrogen gas from the atmosphere
e. hydrogen peroxide Answer: c. carbonic acid
Which of the following transport agents generally results in cross beds?
a. wind
b. turbidity currents
c. rivers
d. glaciers
e. answers a and c are both correct Answer: e. answers a and c are both correct
Over time angular joints blocks will _________ due to surface weathering.
a. become larger
b. retain their geometric form
c. become round
d. evolve into faults
e. become more angular Answer: c. become round
Chert generally precipitates in deep ocean water because ______.
a. calcium carbonate precipitates in cold water.
b. silica is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold water.
c. silica is more soluble in cold water.
d. silica bearing organisms live in deep water.
e. none of the above answers are correct. Answer: b. silica is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold
water.
Monocline folds result from ______.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
QUESTION SOLVED | EVERY SCORE SECURED!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 70%.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
,Joints facilitate weathering because ___________.
a. they increase the acidity of the water
b. permit water and other chemical agents to penetrate below the surface.
c. provide more surface area for the weathering front to attack.
d. none of the above answers are correct.
e. only answers b and c are correct. Answer: e. only answers b and c are correct.
Why did the rill depth increase on the limestone boulders measured on three different alpine
glacial moraines studied along the valley floor?
a. the lower moraine received more precipitation.
b. the lower moraine was comprised of weaker limestone rock that was pre-weathered prior to
deposition.
c. the lower moraine was older and subjected to longer weathering.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above answers are correct as the rill depth remained constant. Answer: c. the
lower moraine was older and subjected to longer weathering.
Limestone will tend to precipitate in sea water when ________.
a. carbon dioxide content decreases
b. carbon dioxide content increases
c. it is agitated by wave actions.
d. answers b and c are correct
e. answers a and c are correct Answer: e. answers a and c are correct
Frost wedging occurs in rock because:
a. water contracts when it freezes to form ice.
b. water expands when it melts
c. water expands when it freezes to form ice.
d. water will expand when it evaporates.
e. none of the above are correct. Answer: c. water expands when it freezes to form ice.
Besides frost wedging which of the following are examples of mechanical weathering?
a. oxidation of iron
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
, b. hydrolysis reaction converting potassium feldspar to kaolinite clay
c. dissolution of calcite
d. all of the above answers are correct
e. none of the above answers are correct Answer: e. none of the above answers are correct
H+ ions utilized in hydrolysis weathering reactions come from _________.
a. primordial waster emitted directly from volcanic eruptions.
b. hydrogen sulfide gas
c. carbonic acid
d. hydrogen gas from the atmosphere
e. hydrogen peroxide Answer: c. carbonic acid
Which of the following transport agents generally results in cross beds?
a. wind
b. turbidity currents
c. rivers
d. glaciers
e. answers a and c are both correct Answer: e. answers a and c are both correct
Over time angular joints blocks will _________ due to surface weathering.
a. become larger
b. retain their geometric form
c. become round
d. evolve into faults
e. become more angular Answer: c. become round
Chert generally precipitates in deep ocean water because ______.
a. calcium carbonate precipitates in cold water.
b. silica is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold water.
c. silica is more soluble in cold water.
d. silica bearing organisms live in deep water.
e. none of the above answers are correct. Answer: b. silica is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold
water.
Monocline folds result from ______.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
