MEDICAL REVIEW OFFICER ACTUAL TEST
PAPER ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED APLUS
●● Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Answer: Due to retinal tears; associated with posterior vitreous
detachment (risk with advanced age, high myopia)
●● Nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Answer: Tractional or exudative (fluid accumulation)
●● Presentation of retinal detachment
Answer: Sudden painless monocular vision loss, flashes, floaters, and
curtain-like shadow over the visual field
●● Diagnosis of retinal detachment
Answer: Fundoscopy: opacification and wrinkling of detached retina,
change in vessel direction
●● Treatment of retinal detachment
Answer: Vitrectomy, scleral buckling, or pneumatic retinopexy
,●● Prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Inflammation of the prepatellar bursa in front of the knee cap
●● Causes of prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Repeated trauma or pressure from excessive kneeling
●● Presentation of prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Anterior knee pain over patella, swelling over kneecap, ROM
preserved
●● Common infection in prepatellar bursitis
Answer: S. aureus infection common
●● Treatment of prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Rest, ice, compression, NSAIDs; avoid kneeling; aspiration if
concerned for infection
●● Suprapatellar bursitis
Answer: Repetitive knee flexion/overuse or trauma
●● Presentation of suprapatellar bursitis
Answer: Pain/swelling above the patella, ROM may be limited due to
effusion
,●● Otitis media
Answer: Commonly caused by Strep pneumoniae, Haemophilus
influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis
●● Risk factors for otitis media
Answer: Children < 2 yrs, daycare, recent URI, formula feeding,
exposure to tobacco smoke, cleft palate, Down syndrome
●● Presentation of acute otitis media
Answer: Fever and ear pulling, bulging, erythematous tympanic
membrane with decreased motility
●● Diagnosis of acute otitis media
Answer: Otoscopy shows bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane
●● Treatment of acute otitis media
Answer: Amoxicillin + mandibular drainage
●● Thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Compression of lower trunk and subclavian vessels (brachial
plexus, subclavian artery and vein)
, ●● Causes of thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Compression may be between anterior and middle scalenes,
clavicle and first rib, pectoralis minor and upper ribs
●● Presentation of thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Weakness of intrinsic hand muscles, sensory loss in C8-T1
distribution
●● Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Positive Adson's test, Wright's test, and costoclavicular
syndrome test
●● Nephrolithiasis
Answer: Calcium oxalate stones, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, low
urine volume
●● Presentation of nephrolithiasis
Answer: Sudden severe colicky flank pain radiating to the groin,
microscopic hematuria
●● Asbestosis
Answer: Inhaled fibers cause chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the
lung parenchyma
PAPER ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED APLUS
●● Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Answer: Due to retinal tears; associated with posterior vitreous
detachment (risk with advanced age, high myopia)
●● Nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Answer: Tractional or exudative (fluid accumulation)
●● Presentation of retinal detachment
Answer: Sudden painless monocular vision loss, flashes, floaters, and
curtain-like shadow over the visual field
●● Diagnosis of retinal detachment
Answer: Fundoscopy: opacification and wrinkling of detached retina,
change in vessel direction
●● Treatment of retinal detachment
Answer: Vitrectomy, scleral buckling, or pneumatic retinopexy
,●● Prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Inflammation of the prepatellar bursa in front of the knee cap
●● Causes of prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Repeated trauma or pressure from excessive kneeling
●● Presentation of prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Anterior knee pain over patella, swelling over kneecap, ROM
preserved
●● Common infection in prepatellar bursitis
Answer: S. aureus infection common
●● Treatment of prepatellar bursitis
Answer: Rest, ice, compression, NSAIDs; avoid kneeling; aspiration if
concerned for infection
●● Suprapatellar bursitis
Answer: Repetitive knee flexion/overuse or trauma
●● Presentation of suprapatellar bursitis
Answer: Pain/swelling above the patella, ROM may be limited due to
effusion
,●● Otitis media
Answer: Commonly caused by Strep pneumoniae, Haemophilus
influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis
●● Risk factors for otitis media
Answer: Children < 2 yrs, daycare, recent URI, formula feeding,
exposure to tobacco smoke, cleft palate, Down syndrome
●● Presentation of acute otitis media
Answer: Fever and ear pulling, bulging, erythematous tympanic
membrane with decreased motility
●● Diagnosis of acute otitis media
Answer: Otoscopy shows bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane
●● Treatment of acute otitis media
Answer: Amoxicillin + mandibular drainage
●● Thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Compression of lower trunk and subclavian vessels (brachial
plexus, subclavian artery and vein)
, ●● Causes of thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Compression may be between anterior and middle scalenes,
clavicle and first rib, pectoralis minor and upper ribs
●● Presentation of thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Weakness of intrinsic hand muscles, sensory loss in C8-T1
distribution
●● Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome
Answer: Positive Adson's test, Wright's test, and costoclavicular
syndrome test
●● Nephrolithiasis
Answer: Calcium oxalate stones, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, low
urine volume
●● Presentation of nephrolithiasis
Answer: Sudden severe colicky flank pain radiating to the groin,
microscopic hematuria
●● Asbestosis
Answer: Inhaled fibers cause chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the
lung parenchyma
