MED SURGE GI ACTUAL EXAM 2026 FINAL
EXAM PREPARATION AND CORE CONCEPT
QUESTION SET
◉ what is the forceful ejection of gastric
contents, including food and secretions?
Answer: Emesis (vomiting)
◉ what causes vomiting and nausea?
Answer: The chemoreceptor trigger the CNS part of the vomiting
center
◉ is nausea subjective or objective?
Answer: subjective
◉ what is nausea typically accompanied by?
Answer: anorexia (lack of appetite)
◉ what can nausea/vomiting lead to?
Answer: -fluid and electrolyte imbalances
-*alkalosis* (d/t vomiting up acidic gastric juices)
,-weight loss
-dehydration
◉ **what should we do if someone is vomiting?
Answer: make sure to have them sit up and lean forward or lay them
on side so they can not ***aspirate **
◉ what are complimentary therapies for nausea/vomiting?
Answer: ginger, peppermint, acupuncture and acupressure.
◉ should we give food to someone who has just vomitted?
Answer: No, they should be on a short term restriction of foods and
fluids (NPO) to rest the stomach
◉ what foods should people with nausea/vomiting have?
Answer: clear liquids and bland foods
◉ what form of hygiene should we preform with someone who has
vomited? why?
Answer: oral hygiene because the acid from the vomit can damage
the teeth
◉ what are s/s of n/v?
, Answer: -sunken eyes
-poor skin turgor
-decreased urine
-hypotension/tachycardia
◉ what does dark blood coffee ground emesis indicate?
Answer: upper gastric bleeding
◉ what does red blood emesis indicate?
Answer: epigastric bleeding
◉ what does fecal odor and presence of bile indicate?
Answer: intestinal obstruction
◉ what support/therapy is needed for someone with chronic N/V?
Answer: IV support and nutritional therapy (ie; iv fluid, electrolyte
replacement)
◉ What are s/s of dehydration?
Answer: -thready pulse
-poor skin turgor
-dry mucus membrane
EXAM PREPARATION AND CORE CONCEPT
QUESTION SET
◉ what is the forceful ejection of gastric
contents, including food and secretions?
Answer: Emesis (vomiting)
◉ what causes vomiting and nausea?
Answer: The chemoreceptor trigger the CNS part of the vomiting
center
◉ is nausea subjective or objective?
Answer: subjective
◉ what is nausea typically accompanied by?
Answer: anorexia (lack of appetite)
◉ what can nausea/vomiting lead to?
Answer: -fluid and electrolyte imbalances
-*alkalosis* (d/t vomiting up acidic gastric juices)
,-weight loss
-dehydration
◉ **what should we do if someone is vomiting?
Answer: make sure to have them sit up and lean forward or lay them
on side so they can not ***aspirate **
◉ what are complimentary therapies for nausea/vomiting?
Answer: ginger, peppermint, acupuncture and acupressure.
◉ should we give food to someone who has just vomitted?
Answer: No, they should be on a short term restriction of foods and
fluids (NPO) to rest the stomach
◉ what foods should people with nausea/vomiting have?
Answer: clear liquids and bland foods
◉ what form of hygiene should we preform with someone who has
vomited? why?
Answer: oral hygiene because the acid from the vomit can damage
the teeth
◉ what are s/s of n/v?
, Answer: -sunken eyes
-poor skin turgor
-decreased urine
-hypotension/tachycardia
◉ what does dark blood coffee ground emesis indicate?
Answer: upper gastric bleeding
◉ what does red blood emesis indicate?
Answer: epigastric bleeding
◉ what does fecal odor and presence of bile indicate?
Answer: intestinal obstruction
◉ what support/therapy is needed for someone with chronic N/V?
Answer: IV support and nutritional therapy (ie; iv fluid, electrolyte
replacement)
◉ What are s/s of dehydration?
Answer: -thready pulse
-poor skin turgor
-dry mucus membrane
