ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 2e
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE TEST BANK
All 28 Chapters | 280 Original Multiple-Choice Questions | 2026
CHAPTER 1: An Introduction to the Human Body
1. The term homeostasis refers to
A. production of body heat only
B. maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
C. movement of blood through arteries only
D. formation of new cells only
Correct Answer: B. maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
Rationale: Homeostasis is the dynamic maintenance of internal conditions within ranges compatible with normal function.
2. Which level of organization consists of two or more tissue types working together?
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Organism
Correct Answer: C. Organ
Rationale: An organ contains multiple tissue types organized to perform one or more functions.
3. In anatomical position, the palms face
A. posteriorly
B. anteriorly
C. medially
D. inferiorly
Correct Answer: B. anteriorly
Rationale: In standard anatomical position the body is upright, arms at the sides, and palms face forward/anteriorly.
4. A structure closer to the body's midline is described as
A. lateral
B. distal
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
, C. medial
D. superficial
Correct Answer: C. medial
Rationale: Medial means toward the midsagittal plane or midline.
5. The diaphragm separates the
A. cranial and vertebral cavities
B. thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
C. pleural and pericardial cavities
D. oral and nasal cavities
Correct Answer: B. thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Rationale: The diaphragm forms the muscular boundary between thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
6. Negative feedback generally
A. amplifies a deviation indefinitely
B. reverses a deviation from a set range
C. stops all receptor activity
D. occurs only during childbirth
Correct Answer: B. reverses a deviation from a set range
Rationale: Negative feedback counteracts change and is the dominant homeostatic control mechanism.
7. The plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is the
A. sagittal plane
B. transverse plane
C. frontal plane
D. oblique plane only
Correct Answer: C. frontal plane
Rationale: A frontal or coronal plane separates anterior from posterior portions.
8. Which imaging technique uses high-frequency sound waves?
A. CT
B. Ultrasound
C. PET
D. Standard radiography
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
,Correct Answer: B. Ultrasound
Rationale: Ultrasound creates images from reflected high-frequency sound waves.
9. The heart is located primarily in the
A. pleural cavity
B. mediastinum
C. abdominal cavity
D. vertebral cavity
Correct Answer: B. mediastinum
Rationale: The mediastinum is the central thoracic compartment between the lungs and contains the heart.
10. A receptor, control center, and effector are components of a
A. bone remodeling unit only
B. homeostatic control mechanism
C. digestive enzyme
D. chromosome
Correct Answer: B. homeostatic control mechanism
Rationale: Homeostatic loops detect change, integrate information, and produce an effector response.
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
, CHAPTER 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
11. The atomic number of an element equals its number of
A. neutrons
B. protons
C. electron shells
D. isotopes
Correct Answer: B. protons
Rationale: Atomic number is defined by the number of protons in the nucleus.
12. An ionic bond forms through
A. equal sharing of neutrons
B. electrostatic attraction after electron transfer
C. hydrogen sharing only
D. fusion of nuclei
Correct Answer: B. electrostatic attraction after electron transfer
Rationale: Electron transfer creates oppositely charged ions that attract one another.
13. A covalent bond involves
A. sharing electrons
B. transferring protons
C. losing all neutrons
D. forming ions only
Correct Answer: A. sharing electrons
Rationale: Covalent bonds form when atoms share electron pairs.
14. A solution with pH 6 is
A. neutral
B. basic
C. acidic
D. always buffered
Correct Answer: C. acidic
Rationale: A pH below 7 is acidic because hydrogen ion concentration is greater than in neutral water.
15. Water's high heat capacity helps the body
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE TEST BANK
All 28 Chapters | 280 Original Multiple-Choice Questions | 2026
CHAPTER 1: An Introduction to the Human Body
1. The term homeostasis refers to
A. production of body heat only
B. maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
C. movement of blood through arteries only
D. formation of new cells only
Correct Answer: B. maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions
Rationale: Homeostasis is the dynamic maintenance of internal conditions within ranges compatible with normal function.
2. Which level of organization consists of two or more tissue types working together?
A. Cell
B. Tissue
C. Organ
D. Organism
Correct Answer: C. Organ
Rationale: An organ contains multiple tissue types organized to perform one or more functions.
3. In anatomical position, the palms face
A. posteriorly
B. anteriorly
C. medially
D. inferiorly
Correct Answer: B. anteriorly
Rationale: In standard anatomical position the body is upright, arms at the sides, and palms face forward/anteriorly.
4. A structure closer to the body's midline is described as
A. lateral
B. distal
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
, C. medial
D. superficial
Correct Answer: C. medial
Rationale: Medial means toward the midsagittal plane or midline.
5. The diaphragm separates the
A. cranial and vertebral cavities
B. thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
C. pleural and pericardial cavities
D. oral and nasal cavities
Correct Answer: B. thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Rationale: The diaphragm forms the muscular boundary between thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
6. Negative feedback generally
A. amplifies a deviation indefinitely
B. reverses a deviation from a set range
C. stops all receptor activity
D. occurs only during childbirth
Correct Answer: B. reverses a deviation from a set range
Rationale: Negative feedback counteracts change and is the dominant homeostatic control mechanism.
7. The plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is the
A. sagittal plane
B. transverse plane
C. frontal plane
D. oblique plane only
Correct Answer: C. frontal plane
Rationale: A frontal or coronal plane separates anterior from posterior portions.
8. Which imaging technique uses high-frequency sound waves?
A. CT
B. Ultrasound
C. PET
D. Standard radiography
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
,Correct Answer: B. Ultrasound
Rationale: Ultrasound creates images from reflected high-frequency sound waves.
9. The heart is located primarily in the
A. pleural cavity
B. mediastinum
C. abdominal cavity
D. vertebral cavity
Correct Answer: B. mediastinum
Rationale: The mediastinum is the central thoracic compartment between the lungs and contains the heart.
10. A receptor, control center, and effector are components of a
A. bone remodeling unit only
B. homeostatic control mechanism
C. digestive enzyme
D. chromosome
Correct Answer: B. homeostatic control mechanism
Rationale: Homeostatic loops detect change, integrate information, and produce an effector response.
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
, CHAPTER 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
11. The atomic number of an element equals its number of
A. neutrons
B. protons
C. electron shells
D. isotopes
Correct Answer: B. protons
Rationale: Atomic number is defined by the number of protons in the nucleus.
12. An ionic bond forms through
A. equal sharing of neutrons
B. electrostatic attraction after electron transfer
C. hydrogen sharing only
D. fusion of nuclei
Correct Answer: B. electrostatic attraction after electron transfer
Rationale: Electron transfer creates oppositely charged ions that attract one another.
13. A covalent bond involves
A. sharing electrons
B. transferring protons
C. losing all neutrons
D. forming ions only
Correct Answer: A. sharing electrons
Rationale: Covalent bonds form when atoms share electron pairs.
14. A solution with pH 6 is
A. neutral
B. basic
C. acidic
D. always buffered
Correct Answer: C. acidic
Rationale: A pH below 7 is acidic because hydrogen ion concentration is greater than in neutral water.
15. Water's high heat capacity helps the body
Anatomy & Physiology 2e | 28 Chapters | 280 Original Practice Questions
