BSN Advanced Pharmacology | Final Exam Version 2 Questions
With Answers and detailed Rationales
Question 1.
A patient is prescribed Lisinopril for hypertension. Which side effect should the nurse
instruct the patient to report immediately?
A. Increased appetite
B. Dry, persistent cough
C. Yellowing of the sclera
D. Occasional headache
Correct Answer: B. Dry, persistent cough
Explanation: ACE inhibitors like Lisinopril frequently cause a dry, hacking cough due to
the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs.
Question 2.
A client is receiving Warfarin therapy. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor
to ensure therapeutic dosing?
A. aPTT
B. INR
C. Platelet count
D. Hemoglobin
Correct Answer: B. INR
Explanation: The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is the standard for monitoring the
effectiveness and safety of Warfarin therapy.
Question 3.
A patient taking Digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. What is the
nurse’s priority action?
A. Administer the next dose as scheduled
B. Check the patient’s blood pressure
C. Assess for signs of toxicity and notify the provider
D. Increase oral fluid intake
Correct Answer: C. Assess for signs of toxicity and notify the provider
Explanation: Visual disturbances such as yellow-green halos are classic signs of Digoxin
toxicity, necessitating serum level checks.
, Question 4.
Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes unless
contraindicated by renal failure?
A. Metformin
B. Sitagliptin
C. Pioglitazone
D. Glyburide
Correct Answer: A. Metformin
Explanation: Metformin is the initial drug of choice for Type 2 Diabetes but must be used
cautiously or avoided in patients with significant renal impairment.
Question 5.
A patient on Furosemide therapy is at highest risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypermagnesemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of potassium,
often leading to hypokalemia.
Question 6.
Which medication is used as a rescue inhaler for acute bronchospasm?
A. Albuterol
B. Salmeterol
C. Tiotropium
D. Fluticasone
Correct Answer: A. Albuterol
Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) designed for rapid relief of
acute asthma symptoms.
Question 7.
When should a patient take their prescribed Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism?
A. Immediately after dinner
B. With a full glass of milk
C. In the morning on an empty stomach
D. Right before bedtime
Correct Answer: C. In the morning on an empty stomach
With Answers and detailed Rationales
Question 1.
A patient is prescribed Lisinopril for hypertension. Which side effect should the nurse
instruct the patient to report immediately?
A. Increased appetite
B. Dry, persistent cough
C. Yellowing of the sclera
D. Occasional headache
Correct Answer: B. Dry, persistent cough
Explanation: ACE inhibitors like Lisinopril frequently cause a dry, hacking cough due to
the accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs.
Question 2.
A client is receiving Warfarin therapy. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor
to ensure therapeutic dosing?
A. aPTT
B. INR
C. Platelet count
D. Hemoglobin
Correct Answer: B. INR
Explanation: The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is the standard for monitoring the
effectiveness and safety of Warfarin therapy.
Question 3.
A patient taking Digoxin reports seeing yellow-green halos around lights. What is the
nurse’s priority action?
A. Administer the next dose as scheduled
B. Check the patient’s blood pressure
C. Assess for signs of toxicity and notify the provider
D. Increase oral fluid intake
Correct Answer: C. Assess for signs of toxicity and notify the provider
Explanation: Visual disturbances such as yellow-green halos are classic signs of Digoxin
toxicity, necessitating serum level checks.
, Question 4.
Which medication is considered the first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes unless
contraindicated by renal failure?
A. Metformin
B. Sitagliptin
C. Pioglitazone
D. Glyburide
Correct Answer: A. Metformin
Explanation: Metformin is the initial drug of choice for Type 2 Diabetes but must be used
cautiously or avoided in patients with significant renal impairment.
Question 5.
A patient on Furosemide therapy is at highest risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypermagnesemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: C. Hypokalemia
Explanation: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes the excretion of potassium,
often leading to hypokalemia.
Question 6.
Which medication is used as a rescue inhaler for acute bronchospasm?
A. Albuterol
B. Salmeterol
C. Tiotropium
D. Fluticasone
Correct Answer: A. Albuterol
Explanation: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) designed for rapid relief of
acute asthma symptoms.
Question 7.
When should a patient take their prescribed Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism?
A. Immediately after dinner
B. With a full glass of milk
C. In the morning on an empty stomach
D. Right before bedtime
Correct Answer: C. In the morning on an empty stomach
