NSG 5442 PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE EXAM 2
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) Q&A 2027 |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which finding in an infant is most concerning for
dehydration?
A. Moist mucous membranes
B. Tears when crying
C. Sunken anterior fontanelle
D. Six wet diapers daily
Answer: C. Sunken anterior fontanelle
Rationale: A sunken fontanelle is a classic sign of dehydration in
infants. Adequate urine output, tears, and moist mucous
membranes suggest adequate hydration.
2. Which vaccine is routinely administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Hepatitis B
C. Varicella
D. DTaP
Answer: B. Hepatitis B
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccination is routinely initiated at birth
to reduce the risk of perinatal transmission.
,3. Which developmental milestone is expected of a typical 6-
month-old infant?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying several two-word phrases
C. Rolling from prone to supine
D. Riding a tricycle
Answer: C. Rolling from prone to supine
Rationale: Rolling is an expected gross-motor milestone during
early infancy. Walking and two-word phrases occur much later.
4. A parent reports that a 2-year-old has tantrums when limits
are imposed. What is the best response?
A. “Punishment should be used immediately.”
B. “Tantrums are common at this developmental stage.”
C. “Ignore all behaviors from the child.”
D. “The child should be isolated for several hours.”
Answer: B. “Tantrums are common at this developmental
stage.”
Rationale: Toddlers commonly have tantrums because of
developing autonomy and limited emotional regulation.
5. Which nutritional recommendation is appropriate for a
toddler?
A. Offer only fruit juice between meals
B. Encourage a balanced diet with varied foods
,C. Avoid all dietary fats
D. Use food as a reward for good behavior
Answer: B. Encourage a balanced diet with varied foods
Rationale: Toddlers need balanced nutrition containing
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
6. Which finding is most characteristic of iron-deficiency
anemia in a child?
A. Pallor
B. Jaundice
C. Cyanosis
D. Clubbing
Answer: A. Pallor
Rationale: Pallor, fatigue, irritability, and decreased activity are
common manifestations of iron-deficiency anemia.
7. Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing iron-
deficiency anemia in infants?
A. Introduce cow’s milk at 2 months
B. Provide iron-fortified cereals when developmentally
appropriate
C. Avoid complementary foods until age 2 years
D. Give unrestricted juice
Answer: B. Provide iron-fortified cereals when
developmentally appropriate
, Rationale: Iron-fortified cereals are an important source of iron
during complementary feeding.
8. Which symptom is most suggestive of asthma in a child?
A. Recurrent wheezing
B. Persistent jaundice
C. Bilateral ear pain
D. Bloody diarrhea
Answer: A. Recurrent wheezing
Rationale: Asthma commonly presents with recurrent
wheezing, cough, chest tightness, and variable respiratory
symptoms.
9. What is the primary purpose of a rescue inhaler such as
albuterol?
A. Long-term airway inflammation control
B. Rapid relief of acute bronchospasm
C. Treatment of bacterial pneumonia
D. Prevention of all respiratory infections
Answer: B. Rapid relief of acute bronchospasm
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta₂-agonist used for
rapid bronchodilation during acute symptoms.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) Q&A 2027 |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which finding in an infant is most concerning for
dehydration?
A. Moist mucous membranes
B. Tears when crying
C. Sunken anterior fontanelle
D. Six wet diapers daily
Answer: C. Sunken anterior fontanelle
Rationale: A sunken fontanelle is a classic sign of dehydration in
infants. Adequate urine output, tears, and moist mucous
membranes suggest adequate hydration.
2. Which vaccine is routinely administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Hepatitis B
C. Varicella
D. DTaP
Answer: B. Hepatitis B
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccination is routinely initiated at birth
to reduce the risk of perinatal transmission.
,3. Which developmental milestone is expected of a typical 6-
month-old infant?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying several two-word phrases
C. Rolling from prone to supine
D. Riding a tricycle
Answer: C. Rolling from prone to supine
Rationale: Rolling is an expected gross-motor milestone during
early infancy. Walking and two-word phrases occur much later.
4. A parent reports that a 2-year-old has tantrums when limits
are imposed. What is the best response?
A. “Punishment should be used immediately.”
B. “Tantrums are common at this developmental stage.”
C. “Ignore all behaviors from the child.”
D. “The child should be isolated for several hours.”
Answer: B. “Tantrums are common at this developmental
stage.”
Rationale: Toddlers commonly have tantrums because of
developing autonomy and limited emotional regulation.
5. Which nutritional recommendation is appropriate for a
toddler?
A. Offer only fruit juice between meals
B. Encourage a balanced diet with varied foods
,C. Avoid all dietary fats
D. Use food as a reward for good behavior
Answer: B. Encourage a balanced diet with varied foods
Rationale: Toddlers need balanced nutrition containing
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
6. Which finding is most characteristic of iron-deficiency
anemia in a child?
A. Pallor
B. Jaundice
C. Cyanosis
D. Clubbing
Answer: A. Pallor
Rationale: Pallor, fatigue, irritability, and decreased activity are
common manifestations of iron-deficiency anemia.
7. Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing iron-
deficiency anemia in infants?
A. Introduce cow’s milk at 2 months
B. Provide iron-fortified cereals when developmentally
appropriate
C. Avoid complementary foods until age 2 years
D. Give unrestricted juice
Answer: B. Provide iron-fortified cereals when
developmentally appropriate
, Rationale: Iron-fortified cereals are an important source of iron
during complementary feeding.
8. Which symptom is most suggestive of asthma in a child?
A. Recurrent wheezing
B. Persistent jaundice
C. Bilateral ear pain
D. Bloody diarrhea
Answer: A. Recurrent wheezing
Rationale: Asthma commonly presents with recurrent
wheezing, cough, chest tightness, and variable respiratory
symptoms.
9. What is the primary purpose of a rescue inhaler such as
albuterol?
A. Long-term airway inflammation control
B. Rapid relief of acute bronchospasm
C. Treatment of bacterial pneumonia
D. Prevention of all respiratory infections
Answer: B. Rapid relief of acute bronchospasm
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta₂-agonist used for
rapid bronchodilation during acute symptoms.
