2026/2027 WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
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1. What is a broad definition of data?
A) Information processed and organized for decision making
B) Raw facts captured on printed or digital media
C) Knowledge derived from analysis
D) Structured information stored in databases
Answer B:
Rationale: Data is raw, unprocessed facts. When processed and organized, it
becomes information.
2. A database management system (DBMS) is:
A) A collection of tables
B) A software program used to create, manage, and interact with databases
C) A type of hard drive
D) A programming language
Answer B:
Rationale: A DBMS is system software that creates and manages databases,
providing an interface for users and applications.
,3. Which of the following is an example of unstructured data?
A) A spreadsheet of sales figures
B) A relational database table
C) A video file
D) A CSV file with customer names
Answer C:
Rationale: Unstructured data does not follow a predefined data model. Videos,
images, and text documents are common examples.
4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a relational database?
A) Data is stored in tables
B) Tables are related via keys
C) Data is stored as documents
D) SQL is used for queries
Answer C:
Rationale: Document storage is characteristic of NoSQL databases, not relational
databases.
5. The term 'metadata' refers to:
A) Actual data stored in tables
B) A backup copy of the database
C) Data about data (e.g., table structures, column names, constraints)
,D) Data that is stored in multiple formats
Answer C:
Rationale: Metadata describes the structure, constraints, and properties of the
data, not the data itself.
6. Which of the following is a function of a DBMS?
A) Data retrieval
B) Data security
C) Data integrity enforcement
D) All of the above
Answer D:
Rationale: DBMS provides data retrieval, security, integrity enforcement,
concurrent access, and backup/recovery.
7. A database that is designed to support a single application and is stored on
a single server is a:
A) Distributed database
B) Personal/Desktop database
C) Cloud database
D) Data warehouse
Answer B:
Rationale: A personal/desktop database supports a single user or application on a
single machine.
, 8. A data warehouse is primarily used for:
A) Real-time transaction processing
B) Analytical reporting and decision support
C) Storing unstructured data
D) Replacing operational databases
Answer B:
Rationale: Data warehouses are optimized for read-heavy analytical queries and
business intelligence.
9. The DBMS provides which of the following to ensure data consistency?
A) Data redundancy
B) Transaction management (ACID)
C) Unlimited data storage
D) Automatic indexing
Answer B:
Rationale: ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties ensure
transactions are processed reliably.
10. Which of the following is true about a distributed database?
A) It is stored on a single server
B) It is always faster than a centralized database