NURS8024 PHARM EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Gram-positive bacteria. Answer: Stain violet purple
◉ Gram-negative bacteria. Answer: Stain pink
◉ Aerobes. Answer: require oxygen, most common cause of infection
◉ Common gram positive aerobes. Answer: MRSA(staphylococci),
Streptococci, Enterococcus, Vanc resistant enterococcus (VRE)
◉ Common gram negative aerobes. Answer: Moraxella catarrhalos,
gonorrhea, jarmo Philips influenzae (HIB)
◉ Space bugs. Answer: Hard to treat organisms
Serratia, pseeudomonas aeriginosa, acinetobacter helocobacter,
citrobacter, enterobacter
◉ Anaerobes. Answer: Thrive without bacteria
Release exotoxins
Local microbiota enter sterile tissue
, ◉ common anerobes. Answer: C-dif, fusobacterium, actinomyces
(abdominal infections), bacteroides fragilis
◉ Atypical bacteria. Answer: Legionella pneumophila, mycoplasma
pneumonia, chlamydia pneumoniae/trachomatis
◉ Spirochetes. Answer: Treponema pallidum
Borrelia burgdorferi
◉ Narrow spectrum antibiotics. Answer: Act on single or limited
group of microorganisms
Known pathogen
Ideal
◉ Extended spectrum antibiotics. Answer: Efficacy against large
numbers of gram positive or gram negative organisms
◉ Broad Spectrum (empiric therapy). Answer: Effective against broad
spectrum
Unknown pathogen, but possibly life threatening
Risk for superinfections
◉ Superinfections. Answer: Use of broad spectrum agents can disrupt
the normal flora causing growth of opportunistic organisms (PCN
causing vag yeast)
ANSWERS COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Gram-positive bacteria. Answer: Stain violet purple
◉ Gram-negative bacteria. Answer: Stain pink
◉ Aerobes. Answer: require oxygen, most common cause of infection
◉ Common gram positive aerobes. Answer: MRSA(staphylococci),
Streptococci, Enterococcus, Vanc resistant enterococcus (VRE)
◉ Common gram negative aerobes. Answer: Moraxella catarrhalos,
gonorrhea, jarmo Philips influenzae (HIB)
◉ Space bugs. Answer: Hard to treat organisms
Serratia, pseeudomonas aeriginosa, acinetobacter helocobacter,
citrobacter, enterobacter
◉ Anaerobes. Answer: Thrive without bacteria
Release exotoxins
Local microbiota enter sterile tissue
, ◉ common anerobes. Answer: C-dif, fusobacterium, actinomyces
(abdominal infections), bacteroides fragilis
◉ Atypical bacteria. Answer: Legionella pneumophila, mycoplasma
pneumonia, chlamydia pneumoniae/trachomatis
◉ Spirochetes. Answer: Treponema pallidum
Borrelia burgdorferi
◉ Narrow spectrum antibiotics. Answer: Act on single or limited
group of microorganisms
Known pathogen
Ideal
◉ Extended spectrum antibiotics. Answer: Efficacy against large
numbers of gram positive or gram negative organisms
◉ Broad Spectrum (empiric therapy). Answer: Effective against broad
spectrum
Unknown pathogen, but possibly life threatening
Risk for superinfections
◉ Superinfections. Answer: Use of broad spectrum agents can disrupt
the normal flora causing growth of opportunistic organisms (PCN
causing vag yeast)