ENERGY, WEIGHT, AND FITNESS IN NUTRITION | FROM
QUESTION TO PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 70%.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Energy Answer: Chemical energy from food converted to mechanical energy.
Kilocalorie (kcal) Answer: Unit of measurement for energy content in food.
Bomb calorimeter Answer: Device to measure energy content of food.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Answer: Primary energy carrier in biological systems.
Glycolysis Answer: Metabolic pathway converting glucose to pyruvate.
Anaerobic pathway Answer: Energy production without oxygen, limited by lactic acid.
Aerobic pathway Answer: Energy production requiring oxygen for endurance activities.
Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) Answer: Key molecule in metabolism, derived from carbohydrates.
Oxidative phosphorylation Answer: Process generating ATP using oxygen in mitochondria.
Fat hydrolysis Answer: Breakdown of fats into glycerol and fatty acids.
Beta oxidation Answer: Fatty acids converted into acetyl CoA for energy.
Deamination Answer: Removal of amino group from amino acids for energy.
Energy balance Answer: Relationship between energy intake and expenditure.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) Answer: Energy used at rest for basic bodily functions.
Thermic effect of food Answer: Energy required for digestion and metabolism of food.
Resting energy expenditure Answer: Energy expended at rest, influenced by body size.
Adaptive thermogenesis Answer: Energy adjustment to environmental and physiological
changes.
Healthy weight Answer: Weight maintained without excessive food restriction or exercise.
Body fatness measurement Answer: Assessment of fat relative to lean body mass.
Factors influencing body fat Answer: Genetics, diet, exercise, and hormonal balance.
Nutritional needs of athletes Answer: Increased energy and nutrient requirements for
performance.
Components of total energy expenditure Answer: Includes BMR, physical activity, and thermic
effect.
Physical activity Answer: Second largest energy expenditure contributor, varies widely.
Factors affecting BMR Answer: Age, sex, body size, and lean mass influence BMR.
Lifestyle changes for weight loss Answer: Initiatives to achieve healthier weight through
behavior.
Quality of life Answer: Improvement through exercise and optimal nutrition.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
QUESTION TO PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 70%.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Energy Answer: Chemical energy from food converted to mechanical energy.
Kilocalorie (kcal) Answer: Unit of measurement for energy content in food.
Bomb calorimeter Answer: Device to measure energy content of food.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Answer: Primary energy carrier in biological systems.
Glycolysis Answer: Metabolic pathway converting glucose to pyruvate.
Anaerobic pathway Answer: Energy production without oxygen, limited by lactic acid.
Aerobic pathway Answer: Energy production requiring oxygen for endurance activities.
Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) Answer: Key molecule in metabolism, derived from carbohydrates.
Oxidative phosphorylation Answer: Process generating ATP using oxygen in mitochondria.
Fat hydrolysis Answer: Breakdown of fats into glycerol and fatty acids.
Beta oxidation Answer: Fatty acids converted into acetyl CoA for energy.
Deamination Answer: Removal of amino group from amino acids for energy.
Energy balance Answer: Relationship between energy intake and expenditure.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) Answer: Energy used at rest for basic bodily functions.
Thermic effect of food Answer: Energy required for digestion and metabolism of food.
Resting energy expenditure Answer: Energy expended at rest, influenced by body size.
Adaptive thermogenesis Answer: Energy adjustment to environmental and physiological
changes.
Healthy weight Answer: Weight maintained without excessive food restriction or exercise.
Body fatness measurement Answer: Assessment of fat relative to lean body mass.
Factors influencing body fat Answer: Genetics, diet, exercise, and hormonal balance.
Nutritional needs of athletes Answer: Increased energy and nutrient requirements for
performance.
Components of total energy expenditure Answer: Includes BMR, physical activity, and thermic
effect.
Physical activity Answer: Second largest energy expenditure contributor, varies widely.
Factors affecting BMR Answer: Age, sex, body size, and lean mass influence BMR.
Lifestyle changes for weight loss Answer: Initiatives to achieve healthier weight through
behavior.
Quality of life Answer: Improvement through exercise and optimal nutrition.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
