VOLCANOES PLUTONS AND IGNEOUS
ROCKS EXAM PREP TEST BANK VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Rock cycle
Answer: Shows how one type of rocky material gets transformed into
another.
• Representation of how rocks are formed, broken down, and processed
in response to changing conditions.
• Processes may involve interactions of geosphere with hydrosphere,
atmosphere and/or biosphere.
• Arrows indicate possible process paths within the cycle.
●● Convergent Boundary
Answer: Magma is created by melting of rock at a convergent
boundary/subduction zone.
• Less dense magma rises and cools to form igneous rock.
• Igneous rock exposed at surface gets weathered into sediment.
• Sediments transported to low-lying areas, buried and hardened into
sedimentary rock.
• Sedimentary rock heated and squeezed at depth to form metamorphic
rock.
• Metamorphic rock may heat up and melt at depth to form magma.
, ●● Igneous rocks
Answer: form when magma cools and solidifies.
●● Intrusive igneous rocks
Answer: form when magma solidifies underground.
●● Extrusive igneous rocks
Answer: form when magma solidifies at the Earth's surface (lava).
●● Texture
Answer: The rock's appearance with respect to the size, shape, and
arrangement of grains or other constituents. Crystal size is determined
by the rate of cooling of the magma.
• Intrusive - formed deep underground and typically cools slowly.
• Extrusive - formed at or near the Earth's surface and cools quickly.
●● Chemical Composition
Answer: Mineral content indicates origin and evolution of the magma.
●● Crystalline Textures
Answer: 1. Fine Grained or Aphanitic
2. Coarse Grained or Phaneritic
ROCKS EXAM PREP TEST BANK VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Rock cycle
Answer: Shows how one type of rocky material gets transformed into
another.
• Representation of how rocks are formed, broken down, and processed
in response to changing conditions.
• Processes may involve interactions of geosphere with hydrosphere,
atmosphere and/or biosphere.
• Arrows indicate possible process paths within the cycle.
●● Convergent Boundary
Answer: Magma is created by melting of rock at a convergent
boundary/subduction zone.
• Less dense magma rises and cools to form igneous rock.
• Igneous rock exposed at surface gets weathered into sediment.
• Sediments transported to low-lying areas, buried and hardened into
sedimentary rock.
• Sedimentary rock heated and squeezed at depth to form metamorphic
rock.
• Metamorphic rock may heat up and melt at depth to form magma.
, ●● Igneous rocks
Answer: form when magma cools and solidifies.
●● Intrusive igneous rocks
Answer: form when magma solidifies underground.
●● Extrusive igneous rocks
Answer: form when magma solidifies at the Earth's surface (lava).
●● Texture
Answer: The rock's appearance with respect to the size, shape, and
arrangement of grains or other constituents. Crystal size is determined
by the rate of cooling of the magma.
• Intrusive - formed deep underground and typically cools slowly.
• Extrusive - formed at or near the Earth's surface and cools quickly.
●● Chemical Composition
Answer: Mineral content indicates origin and evolution of the magma.
●● Crystalline Textures
Answer: 1. Fine Grained or Aphanitic
2. Coarse Grained or Phaneritic
