BY 206 CHAPTER 1 & 2 WILLEMS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

BY 206 CHAPTER 1 & 2 WILLEMS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 Microbes are so tiny that they require... - Answers Magnification What type of microbe can infect all living organisms? - Answers Viruses Microbes are ubiquitous. What does this mean? - Answers That they are found everywhere *except lava What do microbes eat? - Answers Everything What are rusticles? - Answers Icicles of rust; bacterial colonies typically underwater What percentage of microbes are actually harmful to humans? - Answers 5-15% *it's when populations of microbes become unbalanced that problems/infections occur What is biotechnology? - Answers The manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products What are 3 uses of biotechnology? - Answers 1. Genetic engineering transfer of DNA 2. Recombinant DNA technology-splice DNA 3. Bioremediation What is genetic engineering? - Answers Manipulation of the genetics of microbes What is recombinant DNA technology? - Answers The transferring of genetic material from one organism to another What is bioremediation? - Answers The ability of microorganisms to restore What are pathogens? - Answers Microbes that cause disease What is the belief that vital forces present in matter lead to the creation of life called? - Answers spontaneous generation What is abiogenesis? - Answers The idea of spontaneous generation What is biogenesis? - Answers The idea that living things only come from living tings What 2 men were responsible for the microscope? - Answers Hooke and Leeuwenhoek Major accomplishments of Louis Pasteur _________________ of alcoholic beverages and discovery of _________. - Answers fermentation; yeast Major accomplishments of Louis Pasteur Disproved what using swan-necked flasks? - Answers Spontaneous generation Major accomplishments of Louis Pasteur Experimented with diseases and discovered... - Answers Bacteria Major accomplishments of Louis Pasteur Fought successfully against the ___________ theory - Answers Transfer What man also fought the ideas of spontaneous generation and was an advocate for washing and sanitizing items? - Answers Joseph Lister What did Semmelweis advocate and put into place? - Answers Washing hands Who came up with a way of isolating one microbes organism to determine what disease it caused? - Answers Robert Koch Another term for starches (glucose chains) would be... - Answers Polysaccharides What polysaccharide makes up plant cell walls and because of nitrogen base is indigestible to humans? - Answers Cellulose What polysaccharide is used as a growth medium for microorganisms? - Answers Agar (gel-like) What is the name of the polysaccharide/peptide compound that helps provide structure in some microorganisms? - Answers Peptidoglycan What is the name of the polysaccharide/lipid compound associated with toxins and fever? - Answers Lipopolysaccharide *End of Quiz Material* - Answers What polysaccharides secreted by bacteria, when organized, form a capsule/coating around an organism? - Answers Glycocalyx If the Glycocalyx is not organized on the surface of a organism its called a... - Answers Slime coat Do you remember lipids??? - Answers Lipids are essentially fats broken down into triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids & waxes Do you remember??? 1. Triglycerides 2. Phosphlipids 3. Waxes - Answers *1. Triglycerides:* contain fatty acids and a glycerol; make up fats and oils *2. Phosphlipids:* membrane lipids forming a microorganisms bilayer membrane *3. Waxes:* made up of a fatty acid, alcohol and ester which is soft , pliable and water resistant Do you remember??? 1. Fatty acids 2. Glycerol