VTNE PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH 100%
ACCURATE ANSWERS
An animal that is dehydrated before surgery may require a _____ because _____ of the cell
volume occurs after rehydration.
a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
b) blood/plasma transfusion; hemoconcentration
c) splenectomy; hemoconcentration
d) splenectomy; sequestration - Accurate answers a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
Rehydration may necessitate a blood or plasma transfusion because dilution of the blood cell
volume occurs with rehydration.
Platelets in mammals:
a) appear within RBC agglutinations in cases of hemolytic anemia.
b ) do not have nuclei.
c) appear as microfilaria in a Wright-stain smear.
d) are too small to be detected, even clumped, on the feathered edge of a blood smear. -
Accurate answers b) Do not have a nuclei
In mammals, platelets are nonnucleated fragments of cytoplasm released from megakaryocytes
in the bone marrow.
Fleas are:
a) endoparasites.
b)pseudoparasites.
c) periodic parasites.
d) ectoparasties - Accurate answers Ectoparasites
Parasites are divided into two large groups: endoparasites (internal parasites), which include
nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, protozoa, and acanthocephalans; and ectoparasites
(external parasites), which include fleas.
Actinobacillosis is usually treated with antibiotics, an antiinflammatory drug, and intravenous
administration of:
a) sodium iodide.
b) penicillin
c) dexamethasone.
,d) oxytetracycline. - Accurate answers a) sodium iodide.
Actinobacillosis (wooden tongue) is diagnosed by oral examination and biopsy, with isolation of
the organism. It is treated with sodium iodide and antibiotics, as well as antiinflammatory
drugs.
In the infection process, a reservoir refers to:
a) transmission of infection by direct contact with skin, secretions, excretions, or mucous
membranes of an infected animal.
b) the portal of entry by which the pathogen gains entry into a new host.
c) a pathogen's mode of transmission.
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive. - Accurate answers
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive.
A reservoir can be an animal, insect, or fomite (an inanimate substance or object such as water,
a bowl, a cage, clipper blades, an instrument, a towel, or scrubs) in or on which a pathogen can
survive
Treatment for galactostasis:
a) is indicated during the first 1 to 3 weeks of the postpartum period.
b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production and inflammation, using
warm compresses.
c)focuses on treating the inflammation and massaging the affected mammary gland.
d) involves a decrease in milk production, coupled with cold compresses to reduce ever. -
Accurate answers b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production
and inflammation, using warm compresses.
Treatment is begun if galactostasis occurs during the weaning period and focuses on decreasing
milk production (reducing food and water intake and preventing nursing) and decreasing
inflammation with gentle application of warm compresses.
An allergic disease associated with airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and excessive
mucous production is:
a) influenza.
b) herpes.
c) recurrent airway obstruction.
d)viral arteritis. - Accurate answers c) recurrent airway obstruction
,Heaves, or recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is an allergic airway disease caused by airway
inflammation, narrowing of small airways (bronchoconstriction), and excessive mucus
production.
The analgesic effect of NSAIDs is due to:
a) interaction with receptors in the central nervous system.
b) interaction with specific opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord.
c) interaction with histamine receptors.
d)modification of the inflammatory response. - Accurate answers modification of the
inflammatory response.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide analgesia by modifying the inflammatory
response.
A 10% concentration of solution contains _____ of a dug per _____ of solution.
a) 1 g; 100 ml
b)1 mg; 10 ml
c) 10 mL; 100 mL
d)100 g; 100 ml - Accurate answers c) 10 mL; 100 mL
Percent solutions can be expressed as vol/vol, meaning the number of milliliters (mL) of a drug
in 100 mL of solution. For example, a 10% solution (vol/vol) solution contains 10 mL of a drug in
100 mL of solution.
Cushing syndrome, or _____, primarily affects dogs and is characterized by _____.
a)hypothyroidism; an underactive thyroid, resulting in subnormal circulating levels of the
thyroid hormones, which causes a subsequent decrease in the metabolic rate
b) diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); the presence of ketones in the urine
c) hypoadrenocorticism; inadequate secretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids,
primarily cortisol and aldosterone
d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol produced by the adrenal cortex
- Accurate answers d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol
produced by the adrenal cortex
Hyperadrenocorticism, or Cushing syndrome, is a disease that primarily affects dogs and is
characterized by elevated circulating levels of cortisol (hypercortisolemia) produced by the
adrenal cortex.
Which drugs can be administered safely via the endotracheal route?
a)Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine, naloxone, vasopressin
, b) Dopamine, epinephrine
c) Corticosteroids, atropine, vasopressin
d) Epinephrine, naloxone only - Accurate answers a ) Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine,
naloxone, vasopressin
Drugs that are safe to administer through an endotracheal tube are easily remembered by the
acronym NAVEL (naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, lidocaine).
Two tests that can evaluate the intrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade are
the activated clotting time (ACT) and the _____, which measures the time it takes for the
primary platelet plug to form.
a) bleeding time
b) CPPT
c) hemostasis
d) PT - Accurate answers a) bleeding time
Using laboratory testing, the coagulation cascade can be divided into two pathways that result
in formation of thrombin, the "intrinsic" and "extrinsic" pathways. Two tests that can be
performed in house are the bleeding time and the activated clotting time (ACT). The bleeding
time measures the time it takes for the primary platelet plug to form.
Artie, a Pekinese, has begun losing weight and experiences some anorexia. He is frequently
suddenly exhausted. Tests indicate that Artie has _____, or disease of the heart muscle.
a) cardiovascular disease
b) cardiomuscular disease
c) cardiomyopathy
d) congestive heart failure - Accurate answers c) cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a disease (-pathy) of the heart (cardi/o) muscle (my/o)
In a blood smear, oxidative damage results in __________, which are RBCs in which the
hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell, creating a clear area outlined by a thin rim of
membrane.
a) keratocytes
b) eccentrocytes
c) spherocytes
d) acanthocytes - Accurate answers b) eccentrocytes
Eccentrocytes are RBCs in which the hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell, creating a
clear area outlined by a thin rim of membrane.
ACCURATE ANSWERS
An animal that is dehydrated before surgery may require a _____ because _____ of the cell
volume occurs after rehydration.
a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
b) blood/plasma transfusion; hemoconcentration
c) splenectomy; hemoconcentration
d) splenectomy; sequestration - Accurate answers a) blood/plasma transfusion; dilution
Rehydration may necessitate a blood or plasma transfusion because dilution of the blood cell
volume occurs with rehydration.
Platelets in mammals:
a) appear within RBC agglutinations in cases of hemolytic anemia.
b ) do not have nuclei.
c) appear as microfilaria in a Wright-stain smear.
d) are too small to be detected, even clumped, on the feathered edge of a blood smear. -
Accurate answers b) Do not have a nuclei
In mammals, platelets are nonnucleated fragments of cytoplasm released from megakaryocytes
in the bone marrow.
Fleas are:
a) endoparasites.
b)pseudoparasites.
c) periodic parasites.
d) ectoparasties - Accurate answers Ectoparasites
Parasites are divided into two large groups: endoparasites (internal parasites), which include
nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, protozoa, and acanthocephalans; and ectoparasites
(external parasites), which include fleas.
Actinobacillosis is usually treated with antibiotics, an antiinflammatory drug, and intravenous
administration of:
a) sodium iodide.
b) penicillin
c) dexamethasone.
,d) oxytetracycline. - Accurate answers a) sodium iodide.
Actinobacillosis (wooden tongue) is diagnosed by oral examination and biopsy, with isolation of
the organism. It is treated with sodium iodide and antibiotics, as well as antiinflammatory
drugs.
In the infection process, a reservoir refers to:
a) transmission of infection by direct contact with skin, secretions, excretions, or mucous
membranes of an infected animal.
b) the portal of entry by which the pathogen gains entry into a new host.
c) a pathogen's mode of transmission.
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive. - Accurate answers
d) an animal, insect, or fomite in or on which a pathogen can survive.
A reservoir can be an animal, insect, or fomite (an inanimate substance or object such as water,
a bowl, a cage, clipper blades, an instrument, a towel, or scrubs) in or on which a pathogen can
survive
Treatment for galactostasis:
a) is indicated during the first 1 to 3 weeks of the postpartum period.
b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production and inflammation, using
warm compresses.
c)focuses on treating the inflammation and massaging the affected mammary gland.
d) involves a decrease in milk production, coupled with cold compresses to reduce ever. -
Accurate answers b) is begun during weaning and focuses on decreasing milk production
and inflammation, using warm compresses.
Treatment is begun if galactostasis occurs during the weaning period and focuses on decreasing
milk production (reducing food and water intake and preventing nursing) and decreasing
inflammation with gentle application of warm compresses.
An allergic disease associated with airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and excessive
mucous production is:
a) influenza.
b) herpes.
c) recurrent airway obstruction.
d)viral arteritis. - Accurate answers c) recurrent airway obstruction
,Heaves, or recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is an allergic airway disease caused by airway
inflammation, narrowing of small airways (bronchoconstriction), and excessive mucus
production.
The analgesic effect of NSAIDs is due to:
a) interaction with receptors in the central nervous system.
b) interaction with specific opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord.
c) interaction with histamine receptors.
d)modification of the inflammatory response. - Accurate answers modification of the
inflammatory response.
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide analgesia by modifying the inflammatory
response.
A 10% concentration of solution contains _____ of a dug per _____ of solution.
a) 1 g; 100 ml
b)1 mg; 10 ml
c) 10 mL; 100 mL
d)100 g; 100 ml - Accurate answers c) 10 mL; 100 mL
Percent solutions can be expressed as vol/vol, meaning the number of milliliters (mL) of a drug
in 100 mL of solution. For example, a 10% solution (vol/vol) solution contains 10 mL of a drug in
100 mL of solution.
Cushing syndrome, or _____, primarily affects dogs and is characterized by _____.
a)hypothyroidism; an underactive thyroid, resulting in subnormal circulating levels of the
thyroid hormones, which causes a subsequent decrease in the metabolic rate
b) diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA); the presence of ketones in the urine
c) hypoadrenocorticism; inadequate secretion of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids,
primarily cortisol and aldosterone
d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol produced by the adrenal cortex
- Accurate answers d) hyperadrenocorticism; elevated circulating levels of cortisol
produced by the adrenal cortex
Hyperadrenocorticism, or Cushing syndrome, is a disease that primarily affects dogs and is
characterized by elevated circulating levels of cortisol (hypercortisolemia) produced by the
adrenal cortex.
Which drugs can be administered safely via the endotracheal route?
a)Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine, naloxone, vasopressin
, b) Dopamine, epinephrine
c) Corticosteroids, atropine, vasopressin
d) Epinephrine, naloxone only - Accurate answers a ) Atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine,
naloxone, vasopressin
Drugs that are safe to administer through an endotracheal tube are easily remembered by the
acronym NAVEL (naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, lidocaine).
Two tests that can evaluate the intrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade are
the activated clotting time (ACT) and the _____, which measures the time it takes for the
primary platelet plug to form.
a) bleeding time
b) CPPT
c) hemostasis
d) PT - Accurate answers a) bleeding time
Using laboratory testing, the coagulation cascade can be divided into two pathways that result
in formation of thrombin, the "intrinsic" and "extrinsic" pathways. Two tests that can be
performed in house are the bleeding time and the activated clotting time (ACT). The bleeding
time measures the time it takes for the primary platelet plug to form.
Artie, a Pekinese, has begun losing weight and experiences some anorexia. He is frequently
suddenly exhausted. Tests indicate that Artie has _____, or disease of the heart muscle.
a) cardiovascular disease
b) cardiomuscular disease
c) cardiomyopathy
d) congestive heart failure - Accurate answers c) cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy is a disease (-pathy) of the heart (cardi/o) muscle (my/o)
In a blood smear, oxidative damage results in __________, which are RBCs in which the
hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell, creating a clear area outlined by a thin rim of
membrane.
a) keratocytes
b) eccentrocytes
c) spherocytes
d) acanthocytes - Accurate answers b) eccentrocytes
Eccentrocytes are RBCs in which the hemoglobin has shifted to one side of the cell, creating a
clear area outlined by a thin rim of membrane.
