WGU E224 NURS 3662 Global and Population
Health – Nursing (RN to BSN) Study Guide, Original
Practice Questions & Answers, Assessment
Preparation, Comprehensive Global Health Review,
Population Health, Community Health, Health
Disparities, Public Health & Nursing Practice
Question 1: A community health nurse is planning a primary prevention
strategy for a population. Which of the following activities best exemplifies
primary prevention?
A. Administering influenza vaccinations at a community health fair
B. Teaching a client with diabetes how to manage their blood glucose levels
C. Providing wound care for a client with a diabetic foot ulcer
D. Referring a client with hypertension to a cardiology specialist
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Administering influenza vaccinations at a community
health fair
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs. This is
accomplished through interventions like immunizations, health education about
preventing disease, and promoting healthy behaviors . Administering flu shots is a
classic example. Option B is secondary prevention (early disease management), C is
tertiary prevention (managing established disease to prevent complications), and D is
tertiary prevention or treatment .
Question 2: A nurse is working with a Hispanic/Latino subpopulation in Des
Moines, Iowa, and notes higher rates of diabetes-related hospitalizations
compared to the general population. This finding is best described as:
A. A health equity issue
B. A health disparity
C. A social determinant of health
D. A genetic predisposition
CORRECT ANSWER: B. A health disparity
Rationale: A health disparity is a specific type of health difference that is closely linked
with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage . Higher rates of diabetes
hospitalizations in a specific subpopulation compared to the general population is a
quintessential example of a health disparity, indicating a systematic, preventable, and
unjust difference in health outcomes .
Question 3: According to the principles of the E224 Global and Population
Health course, which of the following settings is appropriate for completing
the required field experience hours?
A. A medical-surgical unit in a tertiary care hospital
B. A community health clinic providing preventative care and chronic disease
management
,C. A hospital-based intensive care unit
D. A surgical center specializing in outpatient procedures
CORRECT ANSWER: B. A community health clinic providing preventative care
and chronic disease management
Rationale: The E224 field experience guidelines explicitly state that inpatient hospital
settings (e.g., medical/surgical units, ICUs) and procedural sites (e.g., surgery centers)
are not acceptable . The experience must be with a BSN-prepared community health
nursing professional providing preventative care, restorative/regenerative care, or
chronic disease management in a community/population-focused setting . A community
health clinic aligns perfectly with these requirements.
Question 4: Which of the following social determinants of health (SDOH) is
most directly linked to the delayed diagnosis of chronic illnesses observed in
immigrant populations?
A. Neighborhood and built environment
B. Social and community context
C. Economic stability
D. Healthcare access and quality
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Healthcare access and quality
Rationale: While all SDOH domains are important, "Healthcare Access and Quality"
directly encompasses factors like having a usual source of care, health insurance, and
the ability to navigate the healthcare system . For immigrant populations, barriers such
as language, lack of culturally competent services, and fear related to immigration status
significantly impede access to timely preventative care and routine screenings, leading
to delayed diagnoses .
Question 5: A researcher is designing a study to evaluate the effectiveness of a
new community-based intervention. To minimize selection bias and allow for
causal inferences, the researcher should:
A. Use a convenience sample of participants who are easily accessible
B. Randomly assign participants to either the intervention or control group
C. Allow participants to choose which group they want to join
D. Only include participants who are highly motivated to change their behavior
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Randomly assign participants to either the
intervention or control group
Rationale: Randomization is a hallmark of a true experimental design and a key strategy
to evenly distribute both known and unknown confounding variables (like motivation or
severity of illness) between groups . This process ensures the groups are comparable at
baseline, which strengthens the internal validity of the study and allows researchers to
more confidently attribute any observed differences to the intervention itself .
,Question 6: A nurse is formulating a clinical question using the PICO format.
The nurse identifies a comparison group. Which component of the PICO
acronym does the "C" represent?
A. Control group
B. Client
C. Comparison intervention
D. Context
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Comparison intervention
Rationale: In the PICO(T) framework, "C" stands for Comparison. It refers to the
alternative intervention, therapy, or standard of care that the primary intervention (I) is
being compared against . "What is the effect of intervention A compared to intervention
B?" The answer is not simply "Control group," as the comparison could be a different
active treatment, not just a placebo or no treatment.
Question 7: A community health nurse is using an interpreter to communicate
with a non-English-speaking client. What is the most appropriate action for
the nurse to take?
A. Direct questions to the interpreter, not the client.
B. Speak slowly and loudly to the client.
C. Speak directly to the client while the interpreter translates.
D. Avoid using any medical terminology during the conversation.
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Speak directly to the client while the interpreter
translates.
Rationale: When working with an interpreter, effective and respectful communication
involves speaking directly to the client, maintaining eye contact, and using a
conversational tone . This helps build rapport and conveys respect. The interpreter
should not be the primary focus of the interaction. Speaking loudly or avoiding all
medical terms is not appropriate; instead, the nurse should use clear, plain language and
check for understanding.
Question 8: A nurse is reviewing a research article. The article describes a
study where data was collected from the same group of participants at a single
point in time. This type of study is best described as:
A. A prospective cohort study
B. A cross-sectional study
C. A randomized controlled trial (RCT)
D. A case-control study
CORRECT ANSWER: B. A cross-sectional study
Rationale: A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data
from a population, or a representative subset, at one specific point in time . This
provides a snapshot of the prevalence of an outcome or characteristic within a
, population. It is distinct from cohort studies (which follow a group over time) and case-
control studies (which compare individuals with and without a condition) .
Question 9: The Hispanic/Latino population in Des Moines, Iowa, has a
significantly higher uninsured rate compared to the general population.
According to the social determinants of health framework, this is primarily a
factor in which domain?
A. Education Access and Quality
B. Economic Stability
C. Social and Community Context
D. Healthcare Access and Quality
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Healthcare Access and Quality
Rationale: The "Healthcare Access and Quality" domain of the Healthy People 2030
SDOH framework focuses on the ability to obtain healthcare services, including having
health insurance coverage . A higher uninsured rate is a direct barrier to accessing
quality healthcare, leading to unmet health needs, delays in receiving care, and
increased financial strain .
Question 10: A nurse executive is working to foster a culture of evidence-based
practice (EBP) within an organization. Which strategy is most effective at the
organizational level for overcoming barriers to EBP implementation?
A. Mandating that all clinical decisions be based solely on clinical expertise
B. Punishing staff members who do not implement new evidence-based protocols
C. Establishing a culture that values inquiry and provides access to databases and EBP
mentors
D. Reducing the frequency of performance reviews to minimize staff stress
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Establishing a culture that values inquiry and provides
access to databases and EBP mentors
Rationale: Organizational support is crucial for successful EBP implementation .
Creating a culture that supports inquiry, providing easy access to research databases,
and having EBP mentors to guide staff are all key facilitators of EBP. This approach is
more effective than punitive measures or ignoring evidence in favor of tradition or
individual effort alone .
Question 11: Which of the following is a key characteristic of a community
health nurse's role?
A. Primarily providing care to individuals in acute care settings
B. Focusing on disease treatment rather than prevention
C. Providing care to individuals, families, and groups within the context of their
community
D. Making all treatment decisions independently of the client
Health – Nursing (RN to BSN) Study Guide, Original
Practice Questions & Answers, Assessment
Preparation, Comprehensive Global Health Review,
Population Health, Community Health, Health
Disparities, Public Health & Nursing Practice
Question 1: A community health nurse is planning a primary prevention
strategy for a population. Which of the following activities best exemplifies
primary prevention?
A. Administering influenza vaccinations at a community health fair
B. Teaching a client with diabetes how to manage their blood glucose levels
C. Providing wound care for a client with a diabetic foot ulcer
D. Referring a client with hypertension to a cardiology specialist
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Administering influenza vaccinations at a community
health fair
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs. This is
accomplished through interventions like immunizations, health education about
preventing disease, and promoting healthy behaviors . Administering flu shots is a
classic example. Option B is secondary prevention (early disease management), C is
tertiary prevention (managing established disease to prevent complications), and D is
tertiary prevention or treatment .
Question 2: A nurse is working with a Hispanic/Latino subpopulation in Des
Moines, Iowa, and notes higher rates of diabetes-related hospitalizations
compared to the general population. This finding is best described as:
A. A health equity issue
B. A health disparity
C. A social determinant of health
D. A genetic predisposition
CORRECT ANSWER: B. A health disparity
Rationale: A health disparity is a specific type of health difference that is closely linked
with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage . Higher rates of diabetes
hospitalizations in a specific subpopulation compared to the general population is a
quintessential example of a health disparity, indicating a systematic, preventable, and
unjust difference in health outcomes .
Question 3: According to the principles of the E224 Global and Population
Health course, which of the following settings is appropriate for completing
the required field experience hours?
A. A medical-surgical unit in a tertiary care hospital
B. A community health clinic providing preventative care and chronic disease
management
,C. A hospital-based intensive care unit
D. A surgical center specializing in outpatient procedures
CORRECT ANSWER: B. A community health clinic providing preventative care
and chronic disease management
Rationale: The E224 field experience guidelines explicitly state that inpatient hospital
settings (e.g., medical/surgical units, ICUs) and procedural sites (e.g., surgery centers)
are not acceptable . The experience must be with a BSN-prepared community health
nursing professional providing preventative care, restorative/regenerative care, or
chronic disease management in a community/population-focused setting . A community
health clinic aligns perfectly with these requirements.
Question 4: Which of the following social determinants of health (SDOH) is
most directly linked to the delayed diagnosis of chronic illnesses observed in
immigrant populations?
A. Neighborhood and built environment
B. Social and community context
C. Economic stability
D. Healthcare access and quality
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Healthcare access and quality
Rationale: While all SDOH domains are important, "Healthcare Access and Quality"
directly encompasses factors like having a usual source of care, health insurance, and
the ability to navigate the healthcare system . For immigrant populations, barriers such
as language, lack of culturally competent services, and fear related to immigration status
significantly impede access to timely preventative care and routine screenings, leading
to delayed diagnoses .
Question 5: A researcher is designing a study to evaluate the effectiveness of a
new community-based intervention. To minimize selection bias and allow for
causal inferences, the researcher should:
A. Use a convenience sample of participants who are easily accessible
B. Randomly assign participants to either the intervention or control group
C. Allow participants to choose which group they want to join
D. Only include participants who are highly motivated to change their behavior
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Randomly assign participants to either the
intervention or control group
Rationale: Randomization is a hallmark of a true experimental design and a key strategy
to evenly distribute both known and unknown confounding variables (like motivation or
severity of illness) between groups . This process ensures the groups are comparable at
baseline, which strengthens the internal validity of the study and allows researchers to
more confidently attribute any observed differences to the intervention itself .
,Question 6: A nurse is formulating a clinical question using the PICO format.
The nurse identifies a comparison group. Which component of the PICO
acronym does the "C" represent?
A. Control group
B. Client
C. Comparison intervention
D. Context
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Comparison intervention
Rationale: In the PICO(T) framework, "C" stands for Comparison. It refers to the
alternative intervention, therapy, or standard of care that the primary intervention (I) is
being compared against . "What is the effect of intervention A compared to intervention
B?" The answer is not simply "Control group," as the comparison could be a different
active treatment, not just a placebo or no treatment.
Question 7: A community health nurse is using an interpreter to communicate
with a non-English-speaking client. What is the most appropriate action for
the nurse to take?
A. Direct questions to the interpreter, not the client.
B. Speak slowly and loudly to the client.
C. Speak directly to the client while the interpreter translates.
D. Avoid using any medical terminology during the conversation.
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Speak directly to the client while the interpreter
translates.
Rationale: When working with an interpreter, effective and respectful communication
involves speaking directly to the client, maintaining eye contact, and using a
conversational tone . This helps build rapport and conveys respect. The interpreter
should not be the primary focus of the interaction. Speaking loudly or avoiding all
medical terms is not appropriate; instead, the nurse should use clear, plain language and
check for understanding.
Question 8: A nurse is reviewing a research article. The article describes a
study where data was collected from the same group of participants at a single
point in time. This type of study is best described as:
A. A prospective cohort study
B. A cross-sectional study
C. A randomized controlled trial (RCT)
D. A case-control study
CORRECT ANSWER: B. A cross-sectional study
Rationale: A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research that analyzes data
from a population, or a representative subset, at one specific point in time . This
provides a snapshot of the prevalence of an outcome or characteristic within a
, population. It is distinct from cohort studies (which follow a group over time) and case-
control studies (which compare individuals with and without a condition) .
Question 9: The Hispanic/Latino population in Des Moines, Iowa, has a
significantly higher uninsured rate compared to the general population.
According to the social determinants of health framework, this is primarily a
factor in which domain?
A. Education Access and Quality
B. Economic Stability
C. Social and Community Context
D. Healthcare Access and Quality
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Healthcare Access and Quality
Rationale: The "Healthcare Access and Quality" domain of the Healthy People 2030
SDOH framework focuses on the ability to obtain healthcare services, including having
health insurance coverage . A higher uninsured rate is a direct barrier to accessing
quality healthcare, leading to unmet health needs, delays in receiving care, and
increased financial strain .
Question 10: A nurse executive is working to foster a culture of evidence-based
practice (EBP) within an organization. Which strategy is most effective at the
organizational level for overcoming barriers to EBP implementation?
A. Mandating that all clinical decisions be based solely on clinical expertise
B. Punishing staff members who do not implement new evidence-based protocols
C. Establishing a culture that values inquiry and provides access to databases and EBP
mentors
D. Reducing the frequency of performance reviews to minimize staff stress
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Establishing a culture that values inquiry and provides
access to databases and EBP mentors
Rationale: Organizational support is crucial for successful EBP implementation .
Creating a culture that supports inquiry, providing easy access to research databases,
and having EBP mentors to guide staff are all key facilitators of EBP. This approach is
more effective than punitive measures or ignoring evidence in favor of tradition or
individual effort alone .
Question 11: Which of the following is a key characteristic of a community
health nurse's role?
A. Primarily providing care to individuals in acute care settings
B. Focusing on disease treatment rather than prevention
C. Providing care to individuals, families, and groups within the context of their
community
D. Making all treatment decisions independently of the client
