Avionics Exam – 105 Questions & Answers | GPS, ILS, VOR, ELT, Transponders, Pitot-Static & Instruments | 2026/2027

This Avionics Exam 2026/2027 study document contains approximately 105 exam questions with answers covering aircraft instruments, radio and electronic circuits, pitot-static systems, magnetic compasses, gyroscopic instruments, GPS, VOR, ILS, DME, ELTs, transponders, TCAS, ADS-B and autopilot systems. The 15-page resource combines technical definitions, regulatory questions, calculations and applied aircraft-system scenarios, making it suitable for comprehensive avionics exam revision and self-testing. The document does not identify a specific course code or university, so these details are marked as “Not Specified” rather than inferred. The first major topic is aircraft instrumentation and pitot-static systems. Questions address altimeter case-leak testing, airspeed indicators, vertical speed indicators (VSI), pitot and static pressure, indicated and calibrated airspeed, instrument range markings and emergency procedures following loss of static pressure. The material also references the Aeroperú Flight 603 accident when discussing blocked static ports, connecting pitot-static theory with a real aviation occurrence. The document provides focused coverage of 14 CFR Part 43 and aircraft instrument maintenance. Students review Appendix E requirements for static and altimeter system inspections, the 24-month inspection interval presented in the material, personnel authorized to return an altimeter to service and maintenance privileges associated with certificated mechanics. It also addresses instrument upgrades, FAA Form 337, Supplemental Type Certificates (STCs), logbook entries, weight-and-balance changes and equipment-list updates. Another substantial section covers magnetic compasses and gyroscopic instruments. Topics include variation, deviation, compass swings, the lubber line, magnetic dip, geographic versus magnetic headings, rigidity in space, attitude indicators and turn coordinators. Students are required to distinguish compass errors and apply corrections to practical heading examples, giving the material a combination of conceptual and applied avionics content. The exam also covers radio-frequency electronics and communication systems. Questions examine common-emitter amplifiers, transistor bias, oscillators, modulators, audio-frequency signals, impedance, tank circuits, superheterodyne receivers, antenna theory, wavelength-frequency relationships, VHF, UHF and EHF frequency ranges, Marconi antennas and 50-ohm coaxial cable. These topics establish the electronics foundation necessary for understanding aircraft communication and navigation equipment. A major portion is dedicated to GPS and satellite navigation. The material examines GPS operation, satellite ranging, space/user/control segments, satellite requirements for positioning, GPS antennas, selective availability and the U.S. GPS control segment. It also introduces WAAS, explaining its role in improving GPS accuracy and supporting precision approach capability, as well as Galileo as the European Union satellite-navigation system. Students also receive extensive revision of VOR, DME and Instrument Landing Systems (ILS). The questions cover VOR frequency ranges and line-of-sight limitations, OBS/CDI/HSI indications, DME operating frequencies and information supplied to pilots, ILS localizer and glideslope functions, decision height and the standard glideslope angle presented in the source. The material additionally tests recognition of the 90 Hz and 150 Hz glideslope modulation components. The Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) section covers 406 MHz ELTs, registration, inspection intervals, battery replacement requirements, the G-switch, preferred installation location and monitoring an ELT audio signal on 121.5 MHz. These questions combine avionics hardware knowledge with regulatory and maintenance considerations. Another key section focuses on air traffic surveillance and collision avoidance systems. Students review primary and secondary surveillance radar, transponder interrogation and reply frequencies, squawk codes, Mode C and Mode S, squitter and extended squitter, ADS-B, ACAS and TCAS. The document distinguishes TCAS I and TCAS II and introduces the traffic advisory (TA) and resolution advisory (RA) functions described in the source. The final questions address autopilot and flight-control functions, including single-axis autopilots or wing levelers, position-based and rate-based error correction and yaw damping. Together with the navigation, communication, surveillance and instrument sections, these topics make the document a broad avionics examination resource rather than a narrowly focused question set. The material corresponds closely with established technical references such as the FAA's Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook—Airframe and Advanced Avionics Handbook, which cover aircraft instruments, navigation and communication systems, electronic flight equipment and avionics operation. These FAA publications provide useful supporting reading for many of the technical and regulatory concepts represented in this exam. APA references: Federal Aviation Administration. (2023). Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook—Airframe (FAA-H-8083-31B). U.S. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration. (2009). Advanced Avionics Handbook (FAA-H-8083-6). U.S. Department of Transportation. Relevant Students This document is particularly relevant to Avionics students, Aviation Maintenance Technology students, Aircraft Maintenance students, Aeronautical Science students, Aviation Technology students, Professional Flight students, Aircraft Electronics students and Aerospace Engineering students. It can also support A&P mechanic students, avionics technician trainees, aircraft maintenance technician students, instrument-rating students and aviation professionals reviewing aircraft navigation, communication, instrumentation and surveillance systems. It is especially useful for students preparing for assessments covering pitot-static instruments, altimeters, airspeed indicators, magnetic compasses, gyroscopes, radio electronics, GPS/WAAS, VOR, ILS, DME, ELTs, transponders, ADS-B, TCAS, aircraft antennas and autopilot systems. 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