# Pediatric Physical Examination & Health Assessment,
1st Edition (Sawyer) – Complete Test Bank
**1. A nurse is assessing a family's structure. Which describes a family in which a mother, her children,
and a stepfather live together?**
A) Extended family
B) Nuclear family
C) Blended family
D) Binuclear family
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* A blended family contains at least one stepparent, stepsibling, or half-sibling. An
extended family contains at least one parent, one or more children, and one or more members
(related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling. The nuclear family consists of two parents and
their children. In binuclear families, parents continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal
unit .
**2. Which family theory explains how families react to stressful events and suggests factors that
promote adaptation to these events?**
A) Interactional theory
B) Developmental systems theory
C) Family stress theory
D) Structural-functional theory
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* Family stress theory explains the reaction of families to stressful events. In addition, the
theory helps suggest factors that promote adaptation to the stress. Stressors, both positive and
negative, are cumulative and affect the family. Adaptation requires a change in family structure or
interaction .
**3. Which is the term for a family in which the paternal grandmother, the parents, and two minor
children live together?**
A) Blended family
B) Nuclear family
C) Extended family
D) Binuclear family
,**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* An extended family contains at least one parent, one or more children, and one or more
members (related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling. A blended family contains at least one
stepparent, stepsibling, or half-sibling. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their children.
In binuclear families, parents continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal unit .
**4. Parents of a firstborn child are asking whether it is normal for their child to be extremely
competitive. The nurse should respond that studies about the ordinal position of children suggest that
firstborn children tend to:**
A) Be praised less often
B) Be more achievement oriented
C) Be more popular with the peer group
D) Identify with peer group more than parents
**Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Firstborn children, like only children, tend to be more achievement-oriented. Being
praised less often, being more popular with the peer group, and identifying with peer groups more
than parents are characteristics of later-born children .
**5. Which is considered characteristic of children who are the youngest in their family?**
A) More dependent than firstborn children
B) More outgoing than firstborn children
C) Identify more with parents than with peers
D) Subject to greater parental expectations
**Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Later-born children are obliged to interact with older siblings from birth and seem to be
more outgoing and make friends more easily than firstborns. Being more dependent, identifying more
with parents than peers, and being subject to greater parental expectations are characteristics of
firstborn children and only children .
**6. A 35-year-old client is currently on fertility treatments. When responding to a question from the
client about multiple births, which statement by the nurse is accurate?**
A) Use of fertility treatments has been associated with an increase in multiple births
B) Your chance of having multiple births is at the same rate as all women of childbearing age
C) There is not enough evidence about the use of fertility treatments increasing the rate of multiple
births
,D) Because of your age and the fertility treatments, you have almost a 100% chance of a multiple
birth
**Answer: A**
*Rationale:* Because women in their thirties are almost 2.5 times as likely as women in their twenties
to have higher-order plural births, increased childbearing among older women and the expanded use
of fertility drugs have been associated with an increase in the multiple-birth ratio. The rate of having a
multiple birth for this client is not the same for all women of childbearing age. There are data
indicating that fertility treatments increase the rate of multiple births, but fertility treatments do not
have a 100% rate of multiple births .
**7. When assessing a family's developmental stage, the nurse should understand that the family life
cycle begins with:**
A) Marriage of the couple
B) Birth of the first child
C) The couple forming a partnership
D) The couple's first pregnancy
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* The family life cycle is the sequence of changes that occurs in the family over time. The
stages begin with the couple forming a partnership. Each stage requires specific developmental tasks
and adjustments by family members .
**8. A family is experiencing financial difficulties due to a parent losing a job. Which factor is most
important for the nurse to assess regarding the family's ability to cope?**
A) The family's income level
B) The family's support system
C) The family's previous coping strategies
D) All of the above
**Answer: D**
*Rationale:* The nurse should assess the family's support system, previous coping strategies, and
income level to determine their ability to cope with the stressor. Understanding these factors helps
the nurse identify strengths and areas for intervention .
**9. Which statement about the role of grandparents in a family is accurate?**
A) Grandparents primarily serve as disciplinarians
B) Grandparents provide stability and support during family transitions
, C) Grandparents have no role in child-rearing decisions
D) Grandparents only help when both parents are working
**Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Grandparents often provide stability and support during family transitions, such as
divorce, separation, or death of a parent. Their role can be crucial in maintaining family cohesion and
providing emotional support .
**10. A single-parent family is at risk for which of the following?**
A) Financial instability
B) Role strain on the single parent
C) Social isolation
D) All of the above
**Answer: D**
*Rationale:* Single-parent families often face financial instability, role strain on the single parent, and
social isolation. The nurse should assess for these risk factors and provide appropriate referrals and
support .
**11. Which approach is most effective when assessing a family's health beliefs?**
A) Asking about the family's cultural background
B) Asking about the family's previous experiences with healthcare
C) Asking open-ended questions about health beliefs and practices
D) Assuming the family's beliefs align with mainstream medicine
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* Open-ended questions allow the family to express their health beliefs and practices in
their own words. This approach is respectful and provides more comprehensive information than
assumptions or closed-ended questions .
**12. The nurse is assessing a family following a divorce. Which statement by the family indicates
healthy adaptation?**
A) "We never talk about what happened."
B) "We have established new routines and boundaries."
C) "We don't communicate with each other."
D) "We blame each other for the situation."
**Answer: B**
1st Edition (Sawyer) – Complete Test Bank
**1. A nurse is assessing a family's structure. Which describes a family in which a mother, her children,
and a stepfather live together?**
A) Extended family
B) Nuclear family
C) Blended family
D) Binuclear family
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* A blended family contains at least one stepparent, stepsibling, or half-sibling. An
extended family contains at least one parent, one or more children, and one or more members
(related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling. The nuclear family consists of two parents and
their children. In binuclear families, parents continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal
unit .
**2. Which family theory explains how families react to stressful events and suggests factors that
promote adaptation to these events?**
A) Interactional theory
B) Developmental systems theory
C) Family stress theory
D) Structural-functional theory
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* Family stress theory explains the reaction of families to stressful events. In addition, the
theory helps suggest factors that promote adaptation to the stress. Stressors, both positive and
negative, are cumulative and affect the family. Adaptation requires a change in family structure or
interaction .
**3. Which is the term for a family in which the paternal grandmother, the parents, and two minor
children live together?**
A) Blended family
B) Nuclear family
C) Extended family
D) Binuclear family
,**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* An extended family contains at least one parent, one or more children, and one or more
members (related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling. A blended family contains at least one
stepparent, stepsibling, or half-sibling. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their children.
In binuclear families, parents continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal unit .
**4. Parents of a firstborn child are asking whether it is normal for their child to be extremely
competitive. The nurse should respond that studies about the ordinal position of children suggest that
firstborn children tend to:**
A) Be praised less often
B) Be more achievement oriented
C) Be more popular with the peer group
D) Identify with peer group more than parents
**Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Firstborn children, like only children, tend to be more achievement-oriented. Being
praised less often, being more popular with the peer group, and identifying with peer groups more
than parents are characteristics of later-born children .
**5. Which is considered characteristic of children who are the youngest in their family?**
A) More dependent than firstborn children
B) More outgoing than firstborn children
C) Identify more with parents than with peers
D) Subject to greater parental expectations
**Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Later-born children are obliged to interact with older siblings from birth and seem to be
more outgoing and make friends more easily than firstborns. Being more dependent, identifying more
with parents than peers, and being subject to greater parental expectations are characteristics of
firstborn children and only children .
**6. A 35-year-old client is currently on fertility treatments. When responding to a question from the
client about multiple births, which statement by the nurse is accurate?**
A) Use of fertility treatments has been associated with an increase in multiple births
B) Your chance of having multiple births is at the same rate as all women of childbearing age
C) There is not enough evidence about the use of fertility treatments increasing the rate of multiple
births
,D) Because of your age and the fertility treatments, you have almost a 100% chance of a multiple
birth
**Answer: A**
*Rationale:* Because women in their thirties are almost 2.5 times as likely as women in their twenties
to have higher-order plural births, increased childbearing among older women and the expanded use
of fertility drugs have been associated with an increase in the multiple-birth ratio. The rate of having a
multiple birth for this client is not the same for all women of childbearing age. There are data
indicating that fertility treatments increase the rate of multiple births, but fertility treatments do not
have a 100% rate of multiple births .
**7. When assessing a family's developmental stage, the nurse should understand that the family life
cycle begins with:**
A) Marriage of the couple
B) Birth of the first child
C) The couple forming a partnership
D) The couple's first pregnancy
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* The family life cycle is the sequence of changes that occurs in the family over time. The
stages begin with the couple forming a partnership. Each stage requires specific developmental tasks
and adjustments by family members .
**8. A family is experiencing financial difficulties due to a parent losing a job. Which factor is most
important for the nurse to assess regarding the family's ability to cope?**
A) The family's income level
B) The family's support system
C) The family's previous coping strategies
D) All of the above
**Answer: D**
*Rationale:* The nurse should assess the family's support system, previous coping strategies, and
income level to determine their ability to cope with the stressor. Understanding these factors helps
the nurse identify strengths and areas for intervention .
**9. Which statement about the role of grandparents in a family is accurate?**
A) Grandparents primarily serve as disciplinarians
B) Grandparents provide stability and support during family transitions
, C) Grandparents have no role in child-rearing decisions
D) Grandparents only help when both parents are working
**Answer: B**
*Rationale:* Grandparents often provide stability and support during family transitions, such as
divorce, separation, or death of a parent. Their role can be crucial in maintaining family cohesion and
providing emotional support .
**10. A single-parent family is at risk for which of the following?**
A) Financial instability
B) Role strain on the single parent
C) Social isolation
D) All of the above
**Answer: D**
*Rationale:* Single-parent families often face financial instability, role strain on the single parent, and
social isolation. The nurse should assess for these risk factors and provide appropriate referrals and
support .
**11. Which approach is most effective when assessing a family's health beliefs?**
A) Asking about the family's cultural background
B) Asking about the family's previous experiences with healthcare
C) Asking open-ended questions about health beliefs and practices
D) Assuming the family's beliefs align with mainstream medicine
**Answer: C**
*Rationale:* Open-ended questions allow the family to express their health beliefs and practices in
their own words. This approach is respectful and provides more comprehensive information than
assumptions or closed-ended questions .
**12. The nurse is assessing a family following a divorce. Which statement by the family indicates
healthy adaptation?**
A) "We never talk about what happened."
B) "We have established new routines and boundaries."
C) "We don't communicate with each other."
D) "We blame each other for the situation."
**Answer: B**
