NSG 3100 EXAM 1 RESOURCES | ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE |
100% CORRECT – GALEN/NEWEST UPDATE!!!
Question 1
The nurse is educating parents about firearm safety. Which parent statement indicates to the
nurse a need for further education?
A) "I should make sure I obtain the proper permits for any firearms I own."
B) "It is okay to store firearms with ammunition loaded as long as the safety is on."
C) "I should store all firearms in a separate locked cabinet from the ammunition."
D) "I should make sure all firearms are stored in a secure location out of reach of children."
E) "I should teach my children that firearms are not toys and should never be touched."
Correct Answer: B) "It is okay to store firearms with ammunition loaded."
Rationale: Firearm safety dictates that guns should always be stored unloaded and in a
locked location. Ammunition should be stored in a separate locked location to prevent
accidental discharge or unauthorized use, especially by children.
Question 2
The nurse is teaching a student nurse about restraint use in patients. Which statement by the
student nurse indicates a learning need regarding restraints?
A) "Having all four side rails up on the bed is considered a physical restraint."
B) "The use of restraints has been shown to decrease fall-related injuries in elderly patients."
C) "Serious injury and death have been associated with the improper use of restraints."
D) "Medications administered to control disruptive behavior are considered a chemical restraint."
E) "Restraints should only be used as a last resort when less restrictive measures fail."
Correct Answer: B) "The use of restraints has been shown to decrease fall-related injuries."
Rationale: Research has shown that restraints do not necessarily decrease the frequency of
falls and may actually increase the severity of fall-related injuries. Restraints can lead to
complications such as strangulation, skin breakdown, and increased agitation.
Question 3
Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse a teaching need regarding safety in the
home?
A) "I will put a night-light in every room and the hallway."
B) "I will not use an extension cord to plug in multiple high-voltage items."
C) "I will wash my throw rugs in the bathroom and hallway regularly to keep them clean."
D) "I will keep all cleaning supplies and medications out of reach of my grandchildren."
E) "I will install grab bars in my shower to help with balance."
Correct Answer: C) "I will wash my throw rugs in the bathroom regularly."
Rationale: Throw rugs are a major environmental trip hazard and should be removed from
the home of anyone at risk for falls. Washing them does not mitigate the physical danger of
the rug slipping or the edges curling.
, 2
Question 4
The nurse recognizes which term to identify the second line of defense that leads to local
capillary dilation and leukocyte infiltration?
A) Normal flora
B) Inflammatory response
C) Immune response
D) Humoral immunity
E) Passive immunity
Correct Answer: B) Inflammatory response
Rationale: The inflammatory response is the body's second line of defense. It is a non-
specific response to injury or infection that involves vasodilation (causing redness and heat)
and increased capillary permeability to allow white blood cells to enter the affected tissue.
Question 5
The nurse is explaining to the patient why antibiotics are being administered. The answer would
be correct if the nurse stated antibiotics are effective against which microorganism?
A) Viruses
B) Fungi
C) Parasites
D) Bacteria
E) Prions
Correct Answer: D) Bacteria
Rationale: Antibiotics are specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. They
are not effective against viral infections (like the flu), fungal infections, or parasites.
Question 6
The nurse recognizes that a contaminated stethoscope most correctly represents which possible
link in the chain of infection?
A) Source/Reservoir
B) Portal of exit
C) Portal of entry
D) Mode of transmission
E) Susceptible host
Correct Answer: D) Mode of transmission
Rationale: Mode of transmission is the way a pathogen travels from the source to a new
host. Stethoscopes and other medical equipment are "fomites" (inanimate objects) that can
carry bacteria between patients if not cleaned properly.
Question 7
Excessively dry skin can lead to cracks and openings in the integumentary system. Based on this,
what is the most applicable nursing diagnosis for a patient with excessively dry skin?
, 3
A) Impaired health maintenance
B) Risk for injury
C) Risk for infection
D) Acute pain
E) Disturbed body image
Correct Answer: C) Risk for infection
Rationale: The skin is the primary barrier (the first line of defense) against pathogens.
When the skin is cracked or broken due to dryness, the "portal of entry" link in the chain
of infection is opened, increasing the patient's susceptibility to disease.
Question 8
The UAP asks why the arms are washed from distal (wrist) to proximal (axilla) during a bed
bath. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
A) "To promote circulation and venous return."
B) "To maintain surgical asepsis throughout the bath."
C) "To maintain the patient's comfort and privacy."
D) "To maintain the tradition of nursing care."
E) "To prevent the spread of microorganisms from the hand."
Correct Answer: A) To promote circulation
Rationale: Washing from distal to proximal (moving toward the heart) facilitates venous
blood flow and lymphatic drainage. This helps prevent edema and improves systemic
circulation.
Question 9
The nurse is implementing generalized fall precautions. Which intervention indicates a lack of
understanding of these precautions?
A) The bed is placed in the lowest position.
B) The patient is wearing standard cotton socks while ambulating.
C) The patient's cell phone and water are within easy reach.
D) The patient's call light is attached to the bed linens within reach.
E) The path to the bathroom is cleared of clutter.
Correct Answer: B) The patient is wearing socks
Rationale: Standard socks are slippery on hospital floors. Fall precautions require non-skid
footwear (socks with rubber grips or sturdy shoes) to provide traction and prevent slipping.
Question 10
The nurse is educating the family of a patient on fall risk precautions. Which statement by the
family indicates a need for further education?
A) "I should keep the wheelchair locked unless using it to move Mom."
B) "I should leave the bathroom light on as she does at her home."
C) "I should leave her silk slippers by the wheelchair so they are ready."
, 4
D) "I should keep her cell phone close to her bed."
E) "I should notify the nurse if she seems more confused than usual."
Correct Answer: C) "I should leave her slippers by the wheelchair."
Rationale: Slippers, especially those without a back or with smooth soles, are unstable and
increase the risk of tripping or slipping. Proper footwear is essential for safety during
transfers and ambulation.
Question 11
Which goal is appropriate for a patient on postoperative day one who is on bed rest with a
nursing diagnosis of "Impaired skin integrity"?
A) Patient will ambulate in the hallway twice a day.
B) Patient will consume 50% of all meals.
C) Patient will have no further skin breakdown during hospitalization.
D) Patient will interact with other patients in the lounge.
E) Patient will verbalize understanding of wound care by discharge.
Correct Answer: C) Patient will have no further skin breakdown.
Rationale: A goal must be patient-centered, measurable, and directly related to the nursing
diagnosis. For "Impaired skin integrity," the priority is to prevent the existing wound from
worsening and to ensure no new areas of breakdown occur.
Question 12
The nurse identifies which instruction to be appropriate to delegate to the UAP?
A) Assess the patient's skin for redness during a bed bath.
B) Reposition the patient every two hours using a trapeze.
C) Assess the patient's ability to perform range-of-motion exercises.
D) Notify the health care provider of changes in the patient's wound.
E) Create a nursing diagnosis based on the patient's vital signs.
Correct Answer: B) Reposition the patient using a trapeze.
Rationale: Delegation to UAPs is limited to non-invasive, routine tasks. UAPs can physically
move or reposition patients, but they cannot perform assessments, formulate diagnoses, or
communicate directly with providers about clinical changes.
Question 13
Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
A) Vital signs (BP 120/80).
B) Recorded intake and output.
C) Findings from a physical examination.
D) A patient stating, "I have a sharp pain in my arm."
E) A lab report showing a high white blood cell count.
Correct Answer: D) A patient stating "I have pain in my arm"
Rationale: Subjective data is information that can only be provided by the patient. It
100% CORRECT – GALEN/NEWEST UPDATE!!!
Question 1
The nurse is educating parents about firearm safety. Which parent statement indicates to the
nurse a need for further education?
A) "I should make sure I obtain the proper permits for any firearms I own."
B) "It is okay to store firearms with ammunition loaded as long as the safety is on."
C) "I should store all firearms in a separate locked cabinet from the ammunition."
D) "I should make sure all firearms are stored in a secure location out of reach of children."
E) "I should teach my children that firearms are not toys and should never be touched."
Correct Answer: B) "It is okay to store firearms with ammunition loaded."
Rationale: Firearm safety dictates that guns should always be stored unloaded and in a
locked location. Ammunition should be stored in a separate locked location to prevent
accidental discharge or unauthorized use, especially by children.
Question 2
The nurse is teaching a student nurse about restraint use in patients. Which statement by the
student nurse indicates a learning need regarding restraints?
A) "Having all four side rails up on the bed is considered a physical restraint."
B) "The use of restraints has been shown to decrease fall-related injuries in elderly patients."
C) "Serious injury and death have been associated with the improper use of restraints."
D) "Medications administered to control disruptive behavior are considered a chemical restraint."
E) "Restraints should only be used as a last resort when less restrictive measures fail."
Correct Answer: B) "The use of restraints has been shown to decrease fall-related injuries."
Rationale: Research has shown that restraints do not necessarily decrease the frequency of
falls and may actually increase the severity of fall-related injuries. Restraints can lead to
complications such as strangulation, skin breakdown, and increased agitation.
Question 3
Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse a teaching need regarding safety in the
home?
A) "I will put a night-light in every room and the hallway."
B) "I will not use an extension cord to plug in multiple high-voltage items."
C) "I will wash my throw rugs in the bathroom and hallway regularly to keep them clean."
D) "I will keep all cleaning supplies and medications out of reach of my grandchildren."
E) "I will install grab bars in my shower to help with balance."
Correct Answer: C) "I will wash my throw rugs in the bathroom regularly."
Rationale: Throw rugs are a major environmental trip hazard and should be removed from
the home of anyone at risk for falls. Washing them does not mitigate the physical danger of
the rug slipping or the edges curling.
, 2
Question 4
The nurse recognizes which term to identify the second line of defense that leads to local
capillary dilation and leukocyte infiltration?
A) Normal flora
B) Inflammatory response
C) Immune response
D) Humoral immunity
E) Passive immunity
Correct Answer: B) Inflammatory response
Rationale: The inflammatory response is the body's second line of defense. It is a non-
specific response to injury or infection that involves vasodilation (causing redness and heat)
and increased capillary permeability to allow white blood cells to enter the affected tissue.
Question 5
The nurse is explaining to the patient why antibiotics are being administered. The answer would
be correct if the nurse stated antibiotics are effective against which microorganism?
A) Viruses
B) Fungi
C) Parasites
D) Bacteria
E) Prions
Correct Answer: D) Bacteria
Rationale: Antibiotics are specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. They
are not effective against viral infections (like the flu), fungal infections, or parasites.
Question 6
The nurse recognizes that a contaminated stethoscope most correctly represents which possible
link in the chain of infection?
A) Source/Reservoir
B) Portal of exit
C) Portal of entry
D) Mode of transmission
E) Susceptible host
Correct Answer: D) Mode of transmission
Rationale: Mode of transmission is the way a pathogen travels from the source to a new
host. Stethoscopes and other medical equipment are "fomites" (inanimate objects) that can
carry bacteria between patients if not cleaned properly.
Question 7
Excessively dry skin can lead to cracks and openings in the integumentary system. Based on this,
what is the most applicable nursing diagnosis for a patient with excessively dry skin?
, 3
A) Impaired health maintenance
B) Risk for injury
C) Risk for infection
D) Acute pain
E) Disturbed body image
Correct Answer: C) Risk for infection
Rationale: The skin is the primary barrier (the first line of defense) against pathogens.
When the skin is cracked or broken due to dryness, the "portal of entry" link in the chain
of infection is opened, increasing the patient's susceptibility to disease.
Question 8
The UAP asks why the arms are washed from distal (wrist) to proximal (axilla) during a bed
bath. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
A) "To promote circulation and venous return."
B) "To maintain surgical asepsis throughout the bath."
C) "To maintain the patient's comfort and privacy."
D) "To maintain the tradition of nursing care."
E) "To prevent the spread of microorganisms from the hand."
Correct Answer: A) To promote circulation
Rationale: Washing from distal to proximal (moving toward the heart) facilitates venous
blood flow and lymphatic drainage. This helps prevent edema and improves systemic
circulation.
Question 9
The nurse is implementing generalized fall precautions. Which intervention indicates a lack of
understanding of these precautions?
A) The bed is placed in the lowest position.
B) The patient is wearing standard cotton socks while ambulating.
C) The patient's cell phone and water are within easy reach.
D) The patient's call light is attached to the bed linens within reach.
E) The path to the bathroom is cleared of clutter.
Correct Answer: B) The patient is wearing socks
Rationale: Standard socks are slippery on hospital floors. Fall precautions require non-skid
footwear (socks with rubber grips or sturdy shoes) to provide traction and prevent slipping.
Question 10
The nurse is educating the family of a patient on fall risk precautions. Which statement by the
family indicates a need for further education?
A) "I should keep the wheelchair locked unless using it to move Mom."
B) "I should leave the bathroom light on as she does at her home."
C) "I should leave her silk slippers by the wheelchair so they are ready."
, 4
D) "I should keep her cell phone close to her bed."
E) "I should notify the nurse if she seems more confused than usual."
Correct Answer: C) "I should leave her slippers by the wheelchair."
Rationale: Slippers, especially those without a back or with smooth soles, are unstable and
increase the risk of tripping or slipping. Proper footwear is essential for safety during
transfers and ambulation.
Question 11
Which goal is appropriate for a patient on postoperative day one who is on bed rest with a
nursing diagnosis of "Impaired skin integrity"?
A) Patient will ambulate in the hallway twice a day.
B) Patient will consume 50% of all meals.
C) Patient will have no further skin breakdown during hospitalization.
D) Patient will interact with other patients in the lounge.
E) Patient will verbalize understanding of wound care by discharge.
Correct Answer: C) Patient will have no further skin breakdown.
Rationale: A goal must be patient-centered, measurable, and directly related to the nursing
diagnosis. For "Impaired skin integrity," the priority is to prevent the existing wound from
worsening and to ensure no new areas of breakdown occur.
Question 12
The nurse identifies which instruction to be appropriate to delegate to the UAP?
A) Assess the patient's skin for redness during a bed bath.
B) Reposition the patient every two hours using a trapeze.
C) Assess the patient's ability to perform range-of-motion exercises.
D) Notify the health care provider of changes in the patient's wound.
E) Create a nursing diagnosis based on the patient's vital signs.
Correct Answer: B) Reposition the patient using a trapeze.
Rationale: Delegation to UAPs is limited to non-invasive, routine tasks. UAPs can physically
move or reposition patients, but they cannot perform assessments, formulate diagnoses, or
communicate directly with providers about clinical changes.
Question 13
Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
A) Vital signs (BP 120/80).
B) Recorded intake and output.
C) Findings from a physical examination.
D) A patient stating, "I have a sharp pain in my arm."
E) A lab report showing a high white blood cell count.
Correct Answer: D) A patient stating "I have pain in my arm"
Rationale: Subjective data is information that can only be provided by the patient. It
