NBEO Part 2 (New 2026/ 2027 Update)
Questions & Answers {Grade A} 100%
Correct (Verified Solutions)
What is Lhermitte's phenomenon? - Correct answer Sensation of electric shock
traveling down back & limbs with flexure of neck- occurs in 30-40% of MS patients
Describe what happens in Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO): - Correct answer Lack
of adduction on affected side with contralateral nystagmus on abduction. *Bilateral INO
is highly suggestive of MS.*
Normal Westergren Sed rate (ESR) values: - Correct answer Females: Less than
(Age+10)/2
Males: Less than (Age/2)
Normal C-reactive protein (CRP) value: - Correct answer 0-1.0 mg/dL
A CRP of >________ mg/dL is associated with a 3x higher risk of GCA. - Correct answer
2.45
,Patients with an episode of optic neuritis and at least 1 white matter lesion on MRI have
a _______% risk of developing MS. - Correct answer 75%
Patients with an episode of optic neuritis and no white matter lesions on MRI have a
_______% risk of developing MS. - Correct answer 25%
What were the findings of the ONTT and CHAMPS studies in regards to treatment
options for optic neuritis with steroids? - Correct answer Oral steroids do not improve
final VA or speed up recovery, and *may increase risk of recurrence*
IV steroids do not improve final VA, but they do speed up recovery and delay the
diagnosis of MS by 2 years.
Best treatment strategy is IV steroids + Interferon therapy.
What is the most common cause of unilateral AND bilateral proptosis in middle-aged
patients? - Correct answer Thyroid eye disease
Platelets are elevated if the value is >____________________. - Correct answer >400,000
,Elevated ____________ and _____________ values are 97% specific for GCA. - Correct
answer ESR
CRP
Lab tests indicated for a suspicion of Myasthenia gravis: - Correct answer Tensilon
test (Edrophonium)
Chest CT (r/o thymoma)
TSH, T3, T4
If you are administering the Tensilon test on a patient and they begin to experience
adverse side effects, what is the antidote? - Correct answer IV atropine
What is Cogan's Lid Twitch? - Correct answer Finding in Myasthenia gravis- when pt
looks down then up, lid goes to its normal position then twitches back down to a ptosis
position
Treatment for Myasthenia Gravis: - Correct answer Pyridostigmine (AChE inhibitor)
, Systemic signs associated with a pituitary prolactinoma: - Correct answer
Amenorrhea
Galactorrhea
Infertility
Loss of libido
Toxic/nutritional optic neuropathy causes what kind of visual field defect? - Correct
answer Central or cecocentral
Treatment for pituitary adenoma: - Correct answer Bromocriptine
How does a Junctional scotoma occur? - Correct answer Chiasmal lesion compresses
adjacent optic nerve, resulting in temporal VF defect in one eye respecting the vertical
midline, and a central VF defect in the fellow eye with optic nerve compression
What is Foster-Kennedy syndrome? - Correct answer Optic disc edema in one eye and
optic disc atrophy in the fellow eye due to a frontal lobe tumor on the atrophy side
Questions & Answers {Grade A} 100%
Correct (Verified Solutions)
What is Lhermitte's phenomenon? - Correct answer Sensation of electric shock
traveling down back & limbs with flexure of neck- occurs in 30-40% of MS patients
Describe what happens in Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO): - Correct answer Lack
of adduction on affected side with contralateral nystagmus on abduction. *Bilateral INO
is highly suggestive of MS.*
Normal Westergren Sed rate (ESR) values: - Correct answer Females: Less than
(Age+10)/2
Males: Less than (Age/2)
Normal C-reactive protein (CRP) value: - Correct answer 0-1.0 mg/dL
A CRP of >________ mg/dL is associated with a 3x higher risk of GCA. - Correct answer
2.45
,Patients with an episode of optic neuritis and at least 1 white matter lesion on MRI have
a _______% risk of developing MS. - Correct answer 75%
Patients with an episode of optic neuritis and no white matter lesions on MRI have a
_______% risk of developing MS. - Correct answer 25%
What were the findings of the ONTT and CHAMPS studies in regards to treatment
options for optic neuritis with steroids? - Correct answer Oral steroids do not improve
final VA or speed up recovery, and *may increase risk of recurrence*
IV steroids do not improve final VA, but they do speed up recovery and delay the
diagnosis of MS by 2 years.
Best treatment strategy is IV steroids + Interferon therapy.
What is the most common cause of unilateral AND bilateral proptosis in middle-aged
patients? - Correct answer Thyroid eye disease
Platelets are elevated if the value is >____________________. - Correct answer >400,000
,Elevated ____________ and _____________ values are 97% specific for GCA. - Correct
answer ESR
CRP
Lab tests indicated for a suspicion of Myasthenia gravis: - Correct answer Tensilon
test (Edrophonium)
Chest CT (r/o thymoma)
TSH, T3, T4
If you are administering the Tensilon test on a patient and they begin to experience
adverse side effects, what is the antidote? - Correct answer IV atropine
What is Cogan's Lid Twitch? - Correct answer Finding in Myasthenia gravis- when pt
looks down then up, lid goes to its normal position then twitches back down to a ptosis
position
Treatment for Myasthenia Gravis: - Correct answer Pyridostigmine (AChE inhibitor)
, Systemic signs associated with a pituitary prolactinoma: - Correct answer
Amenorrhea
Galactorrhea
Infertility
Loss of libido
Toxic/nutritional optic neuropathy causes what kind of visual field defect? - Correct
answer Central or cecocentral
Treatment for pituitary adenoma: - Correct answer Bromocriptine
How does a Junctional scotoma occur? - Correct answer Chiasmal lesion compresses
adjacent optic nerve, resulting in temporal VF defect in one eye respecting the vertical
midline, and a central VF defect in the fellow eye with optic nerve compression
What is Foster-Kennedy syndrome? - Correct answer Optic disc edema in one eye and
optic disc atrophy in the fellow eye due to a frontal lobe tumor on the atrophy side
