NURS 2513- Ethics and Health Equity York University | Questions
with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What is Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Expressed moral norms of the profession; values, virtues, and principles that the
profession believes should guide nurses in everyday practice
Question: What was Virginia Henderson's contribution to Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Human needs are central to nursing practice, nurses should care for patients until they
can care for themselves
"Patient care should be individualized...the nurse will seek constantly to help the patient
meet their needs and live as normally as possible"
Question: What was Sister M. Simone Roach contribution to Nursing
ethics?
Answer:
•Oversaw the development of the first code of ethics for RNs in Canada
Question: What was Janet Storch contribution to Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Patient's Rights: Ethical and Legal Issues in Health Care and Nursing (1982)
•Expectations for nurses based upon consumer rights; rights to be informed, to be
respected, to participate in decision making, and to have equal access
Question: What was Sara Fry contribution to Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Differentiation of nursing ethics; the nursing profession ought to focus on caring as a
core ethical value
•Focus on people versus abstract and idealized notions
Question: Gender in Ethics of Nursing
Answer:
•Historically, nursing has been predominantly dominated by those who identify as women
•Some argue that there is more emphasis on caring > curing
•Position of subordination, unquestioning obedience
,Question: Historical, Spiritual, and Religous practises in Nursing Ethics
Answer:
•Middle Ages: women who entered nursing roles donated their property and wealth to
the Christian church, devoting their lives to service
•A culture's belief system influences how its members accept health care practices; in this
regard, people were more likely to accept healing through religious intervention
•Women's status declined during this period; peasant women had generations of
knowledge and improved practice by trial and error à seen as witchcraft
•
•Renaissance and the Reformation: scientific era; shift from the church
•Nurses still held in lower regard, emphasis on caring
•Canada: earliest records of nursing in the 17th century
Question: What are the 3 components of Contemporary Bioethics and
Nursing Ethics
Answer:
Technological Developments
Research and Experimentation
Consumerism and Patient Rights
Question: What are 3 models of the Nurse Patient Relationship?
Answer:
The Contractual Model
The Patient Advocate Model
The Social Justice Advocacy Model
Question: What are 3 knowledge bases of Ethics in Nursing
Answer:
1.Moral Beliefs and Values
2.Relevant Codes, Policies, and Laws
3.Fundamental Concepts of Moral Philosophy
Question: What is oughtness?
Answer:
When we make a judgement, we do so from the point of what ought and ought not to be.
To say that someone must be care for without bias means that it ought to be.
Question: What are Morality and Moral Reasoning made up of?
Answer:
Oughtness and Moral Experience and Moral Virtues
, Question: How do norms and ideals shape our live in terms of morality?
Answer:
1.Guide our conduct and decision making
2.Utilized to evaluate conduct and decision making
Question: In terms of Morality and Ethical analysis, what situations may
arise when it comes to moral complexity in Healthcare
Answer:
1.Disagreement about moral norms and ideals
2.Disagreement about the application of a moral norm given a situation
3.Moral norms/ideals may conflict
Question: What is ethics in terms of morality and ethical analysis
Answer:
Careful and systematic reflection and analysis about moral norms and ideals and how
they bear on practical issues.
•Moral norms/principles may be vague or unclear
•There is often endorsement of moral principles without justification
•Moral ideals/principles conflict with each other
•Ethical analysis ensures all relevant considerations are entertained
Question: What are the principles of the code of conduct of the CNO
Answer:
1.Nurses respect clients' dignity
2.Nurses provide inclusive and culturally safe care by practicing cultural humility.
3.Nurses provide safe and competent care.
4.Nurses work respectfully with the health care team to best meet clients' needs.
5.Nurses act with integrity in clients' best interest.
6.Nurses maintain public confidence in the nursing profession.
with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update 2026/2027
Question: What is Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Expressed moral norms of the profession; values, virtues, and principles that the
profession believes should guide nurses in everyday practice
Question: What was Virginia Henderson's contribution to Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Human needs are central to nursing practice, nurses should care for patients until they
can care for themselves
"Patient care should be individualized...the nurse will seek constantly to help the patient
meet their needs and live as normally as possible"
Question: What was Sister M. Simone Roach contribution to Nursing
ethics?
Answer:
•Oversaw the development of the first code of ethics for RNs in Canada
Question: What was Janet Storch contribution to Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Patient's Rights: Ethical and Legal Issues in Health Care and Nursing (1982)
•Expectations for nurses based upon consumer rights; rights to be informed, to be
respected, to participate in decision making, and to have equal access
Question: What was Sara Fry contribution to Nursing ethics?
Answer:
•Differentiation of nursing ethics; the nursing profession ought to focus on caring as a
core ethical value
•Focus on people versus abstract and idealized notions
Question: Gender in Ethics of Nursing
Answer:
•Historically, nursing has been predominantly dominated by those who identify as women
•Some argue that there is more emphasis on caring > curing
•Position of subordination, unquestioning obedience
,Question: Historical, Spiritual, and Religous practises in Nursing Ethics
Answer:
•Middle Ages: women who entered nursing roles donated their property and wealth to
the Christian church, devoting their lives to service
•A culture's belief system influences how its members accept health care practices; in this
regard, people were more likely to accept healing through religious intervention
•Women's status declined during this period; peasant women had generations of
knowledge and improved practice by trial and error à seen as witchcraft
•
•Renaissance and the Reformation: scientific era; shift from the church
•Nurses still held in lower regard, emphasis on caring
•Canada: earliest records of nursing in the 17th century
Question: What are the 3 components of Contemporary Bioethics and
Nursing Ethics
Answer:
Technological Developments
Research and Experimentation
Consumerism and Patient Rights
Question: What are 3 models of the Nurse Patient Relationship?
Answer:
The Contractual Model
The Patient Advocate Model
The Social Justice Advocacy Model
Question: What are 3 knowledge bases of Ethics in Nursing
Answer:
1.Moral Beliefs and Values
2.Relevant Codes, Policies, and Laws
3.Fundamental Concepts of Moral Philosophy
Question: What is oughtness?
Answer:
When we make a judgement, we do so from the point of what ought and ought not to be.
To say that someone must be care for without bias means that it ought to be.
Question: What are Morality and Moral Reasoning made up of?
Answer:
Oughtness and Moral Experience and Moral Virtues
, Question: How do norms and ideals shape our live in terms of morality?
Answer:
1.Guide our conduct and decision making
2.Utilized to evaluate conduct and decision making
Question: In terms of Morality and Ethical analysis, what situations may
arise when it comes to moral complexity in Healthcare
Answer:
1.Disagreement about moral norms and ideals
2.Disagreement about the application of a moral norm given a situation
3.Moral norms/ideals may conflict
Question: What is ethics in terms of morality and ethical analysis
Answer:
Careful and systematic reflection and analysis about moral norms and ideals and how
they bear on practical issues.
•Moral norms/principles may be vague or unclear
•There is often endorsement of moral principles without justification
•Moral ideals/principles conflict with each other
•Ethical analysis ensures all relevant considerations are entertained
Question: What are the principles of the code of conduct of the CNO
Answer:
1.Nurses respect clients' dignity
2.Nurses provide inclusive and culturally safe care by practicing cultural humility.
3.Nurses provide safe and competent care.
4.Nurses work respectfully with the health care team to best meet clients' needs.
5.Nurses act with integrity in clients' best interest.
6.Nurses maintain public confidence in the nursing profession.
