SHARP ESO 2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM 300 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE LATEST UPDATE

SHARP ESO 2026/2027 ACTUAL EXAM 300 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALE LATEST UPDATE

1. What is the initial treatment for a patient in Asystole?
A) Defibrillation
B) CPR for 2 minutes, O2 at 15 L/min via Ambu bag, Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO
C) Transcutaneous pacing
D) Amiodarone 300 mg IVP
Answer B: CPR for 2 minutes, O2 at 15 L/min via Ambu bag, Epinephrine 1
mg IVP/IO
Rationale: Asystole is treated with high-quality CPR, oxygenation, and
Epinephrine. Defibrillation and pacing are not recommended.




2. How often should Epinephrine be repeated in pulseless cardiac arrest?
A) Every 1 minute
B) Every 3–5 minutes
C) Every 10 minutes
D) Only once
Answer B: Every 3–5 minutes
Rationale: Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO should be repeated every 3–5 minutes during
pulseless arrest.

,3. What is the initial Epinephrine dose for pulseless arrhythmias?
A) 0.5 mg IVP
B) 0.1 mg IVP
C) 1 mg IVP/IO (0.1 mg/mL)
D) 2 mg IVP
Answer C: 1 mg IVP/IO (0.1 mg/mL)
Rationale: The standard dose is 1 mg IVP/IO, using the 0.1 mg/mL concentration.




4. What is the recommended dose of Epinephrine when administered via
endotracheal tube (ETT)?
A) 0.5 mg diluted in 5 mL NS
B) 2–2.5 times the IV dose diluted in 10 mL NS
C) Same as IV dose
D) 5 mg diluted in 20 mL NS
Answer B: 2–2.5 times the IV dose diluted in 10 mL NS
Rationale: ETT doses are 2–2.5 times the IV dose, diluted in 10 mL normal saline.




5. What is Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)?
A) Absence of all electrical activity
B) Presence of electrical activity that fails to generate a detectable pulse
C) Ventricular fibrillation

,D) Wide complex tachycardia with a pulse
Answer B: Presence of electrical activity that fails to generate a detectable
pulse
Rationale: PEA is defined as organized electrical activity without a palpable pulse.




6. What is the initial treatment for PEA?
A) Defibrillation
B) CPR for 2 minutes, O2 at 15 L/min via Ambu bag, Epinephrine 1 mg IVP/IO
C) Amiodarone 300 mg IVP
D) Transcutaneous pacing
Answer B: CPR for 2 minutes, O2 at 15 L/min via Ambu bag, Epinephrine 1
mg IVP/IO
Rationale: PEA is treated with CPR, oxygenation, and Epinephrine. Defibrillation is
not indicated.




7. What are the "Hs" in the reversible causes of PEA?
A) Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen ion (acidosis), Hypo/hyperkalemia,
Hypoglycemia, Hypothermia
B) Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen ion, Hypo/hyperkalemia, Hypoglycemia,
Hypothermia
C) Heart block, Hypertension, Hyperthermia
D) Hypovolemia, Hypothermia, Hyperglycemia

, Answer B: Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen ion, Hypo/hyperkalemia,
Hypoglycemia, Hypothermia
Rationale: The Hs are Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen ion (acidosis),
Hypo/hyperkalemia, Hypoglycemia, and Hypothermia.




8. What are the "Ts" in the reversible causes of PEA?
A) Tachycardia, Tamponade, Thrombosis
B) Toxins, Tamponade, Thrombosis, Trauma, Tension pneumothorax
C) Thrombosis, Trauma, Temperature
D) Toxins, Tachycardia, Thrombosis
Answer B: Toxins, Tamponade, Thrombosis, Trauma, Tension pneumothorax
Rationale: The Ts are Toxins, Tamponade, Thrombosis, Trauma, and Tension
pneumothorax.




9. What should be done if hypovolemia is suspected during PEA treatment?
A) Administer Epinephrine 2 mg
B) Infuse 250 mL NS bolus; repeat in 5 minutes if no improvement
C) Start Norepinephrine
D) Administer Amiodarone
Answer B: Infuse 250 mL NS bolus; repeat in 5 minutes if no improvement
Rationale: If hypovolemia is known or suspected, a 250 mL NS bolus should be
given. Repeat in 5 minutes if no clinical improvement.