HCR 240 FINAL (Blueprint) || 100% Exact Answers.
medical term for lack of oxygen correct answers Hypoxia
What is the most common cause of hypoxia? correct answers Ischemia
What happens when a cell loses oxygen? correct answers -Decreased ATP production in the
mitochondria
-Failure of active transport mechanisms in the cell membrane
-inability to regulate osmosis
-Detachment of ribosomes from endoplasmic reticulum
-cessation of protein synthesis
-mitochondrial swelling
-leakage of digestive enzymes from lysosomes and autodigestion of intracellular structures
-lysis of plasma membrane
-cell death
What type of injury
-can occur in tissue transplantation and ischemic syndrome (myocardia, cerebral, hepatic, renal,
intestinal, etc)
-secondary injury that results due to the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (free
radicals) within the mitochondria
-the mitochondria response by opening the mitochondrial permeability transport pore, which
leads to the massive escape of ATP and solutes, triggering cell death via apoptosis correct
answers Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
medical term for injury due to failure of cells to receive or use oxygen correct answers
Asphyxiation
,lack of oxygen in the environment or blockage of airways correct answers suffocation
compression and closure of the blood vessels and air passages of the neck correct answers
strangulation
breathing in of fluid instead of O2 correct answers drowning
What is the largest environmental health risk? correct answers air pollution
What type of poisoning
-exposure to children can result in learning/behavior proble,s, speech/hearing problems,
brain/nervous system injury, and slowed growth and development
-most common source is pain in older homes (children), the environment, and at work (adults)
-need to have high index of suspicion, especially in children with behavioral disorders correct
answers Lead poisoning
What is the treatment of lead poisoning? correct answers chelation therapy
-results in major nutritional deficiencies
-metabolism occurs primarily in the liver
-acute alcoholism affects the central nervous system
-chronic alcoholism also affects the liver and stomach
-consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can result in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders correct
answers ethanol
the virulence of na organism depends on its ability to: (3) correct answers invade and destroy
cells
produce toxins
produce damaging hypersensitivity reactions
,-abnormal immune system response to a perceived foreign substance
-allegies, anaphylaxis, asthma, eczema, etc correct answers Immune-mediated hypersensitivity
reactions
-antibody formation against nomral cell receptors; interfere with intercellular communication and
cell membrane function correct answers Autoimmune disorders
What type of injury
-chilling of freezing of cells,
-slows metabolic processes, creates electrolyte abnormalities (can lead to cardiac arrythmias),
and produces ROS correct answers Hypothermic injuries
In response to heat, your body will: produce sweat and ....what happens to the peripheral blood
vessels correct answers vasodilate
What happens if you sweat too much? correct answers loss of fluid and salt
-hemoconcentration of serum
-lower blood pressure
-dizziness, fatigue, shock, coma
injury caused to the cell due to excessive heat correct answers hyperthermic injuries
hemoconcentration from salt and water loss correct answers heat exhaustion
>106 f degrees; life threatening vasodilation and hypotension; loss of compensatory
thermoregulation correct answers Heat stroke
-decrease cell size correct answers Atrophy
, -increase cell size correct answers hypertrophy
increase cell number correct answers hyperplasia
atypical hyperplasia; not considered a "true" adaption correct answers Dysplasia
Replacement of cells with less mature cells of a different type correct answers Metaplasia
decrease in cell size; typically also associated with decreased protein synthesis
and increased protein catabolism
-Physiologic, naturally occure throughout the aging process
pathologic, results of decrease in workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal
stimulation, and nervous stimulation correct answers Atrophy
increase in cell size that consequently increase the size of the affected organ
-physiologic, naturally occurring due to increased demand, stimulation by hormones, and growth
factors
-pathologic, result of chronic hemodynamic overload correct answers Hypertrophy
-increase in the number of cells due to increased cell division
-physiologic, compensatory (regeneration-hepatic, epidermal, intestinal, bone marrow cells),
hormonal (estrogen dependent organs such as breast and uterus)
-pathologic, abnormal proliferation due to excessive hormonal stimulation or effects of growth
factors correct answers Hyperplasia
-not a true cellular "adaption"
-abnormal changes to cell shape, size, and organization. Sometimes referred to as "abnormal
hyperplasia"
medical term for lack of oxygen correct answers Hypoxia
What is the most common cause of hypoxia? correct answers Ischemia
What happens when a cell loses oxygen? correct answers -Decreased ATP production in the
mitochondria
-Failure of active transport mechanisms in the cell membrane
-inability to regulate osmosis
-Detachment of ribosomes from endoplasmic reticulum
-cessation of protein synthesis
-mitochondrial swelling
-leakage of digestive enzymes from lysosomes and autodigestion of intracellular structures
-lysis of plasma membrane
-cell death
What type of injury
-can occur in tissue transplantation and ischemic syndrome (myocardia, cerebral, hepatic, renal,
intestinal, etc)
-secondary injury that results due to the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (free
radicals) within the mitochondria
-the mitochondria response by opening the mitochondrial permeability transport pore, which
leads to the massive escape of ATP and solutes, triggering cell death via apoptosis correct
answers Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
medical term for injury due to failure of cells to receive or use oxygen correct answers
Asphyxiation
,lack of oxygen in the environment or blockage of airways correct answers suffocation
compression and closure of the blood vessels and air passages of the neck correct answers
strangulation
breathing in of fluid instead of O2 correct answers drowning
What is the largest environmental health risk? correct answers air pollution
What type of poisoning
-exposure to children can result in learning/behavior proble,s, speech/hearing problems,
brain/nervous system injury, and slowed growth and development
-most common source is pain in older homes (children), the environment, and at work (adults)
-need to have high index of suspicion, especially in children with behavioral disorders correct
answers Lead poisoning
What is the treatment of lead poisoning? correct answers chelation therapy
-results in major nutritional deficiencies
-metabolism occurs primarily in the liver
-acute alcoholism affects the central nervous system
-chronic alcoholism also affects the liver and stomach
-consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can result in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders correct
answers ethanol
the virulence of na organism depends on its ability to: (3) correct answers invade and destroy
cells
produce toxins
produce damaging hypersensitivity reactions
,-abnormal immune system response to a perceived foreign substance
-allegies, anaphylaxis, asthma, eczema, etc correct answers Immune-mediated hypersensitivity
reactions
-antibody formation against nomral cell receptors; interfere with intercellular communication and
cell membrane function correct answers Autoimmune disorders
What type of injury
-chilling of freezing of cells,
-slows metabolic processes, creates electrolyte abnormalities (can lead to cardiac arrythmias),
and produces ROS correct answers Hypothermic injuries
In response to heat, your body will: produce sweat and ....what happens to the peripheral blood
vessels correct answers vasodilate
What happens if you sweat too much? correct answers loss of fluid and salt
-hemoconcentration of serum
-lower blood pressure
-dizziness, fatigue, shock, coma
injury caused to the cell due to excessive heat correct answers hyperthermic injuries
hemoconcentration from salt and water loss correct answers heat exhaustion
>106 f degrees; life threatening vasodilation and hypotension; loss of compensatory
thermoregulation correct answers Heat stroke
-decrease cell size correct answers Atrophy
, -increase cell size correct answers hypertrophy
increase cell number correct answers hyperplasia
atypical hyperplasia; not considered a "true" adaption correct answers Dysplasia
Replacement of cells with less mature cells of a different type correct answers Metaplasia
decrease in cell size; typically also associated with decreased protein synthesis
and increased protein catabolism
-Physiologic, naturally occure throughout the aging process
pathologic, results of decrease in workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal
stimulation, and nervous stimulation correct answers Atrophy
increase in cell size that consequently increase the size of the affected organ
-physiologic, naturally occurring due to increased demand, stimulation by hormones, and growth
factors
-pathologic, result of chronic hemodynamic overload correct answers Hypertrophy
-increase in the number of cells due to increased cell division
-physiologic, compensatory (regeneration-hepatic, epidermal, intestinal, bone marrow cells),
hormonal (estrogen dependent organs such as breast and uterus)
-pathologic, abnormal proliferation due to excessive hormonal stimulation or effects of growth
factors correct answers Hyperplasia
-not a true cellular "adaption"
-abnormal changes to cell shape, size, and organization. Sometimes referred to as "abnormal
hyperplasia"
