NSG5003- Advanced Patho Week 1
Nucleus - answer contains genetic information and regulates cell growth, metabolism,
and reproduction.
Mitochondria - answer breaks down glucose producing energy (ATP)
Ribosome – answer synthesizes proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum - answer production of phospholipids
Lysosome - answer Digest materials engulfed by cells
Cytoskeleton - answerHelps transport molecules inside cell and binds to enzymes of
metabolic pathways
Golgi - answersorts, chemically modifies and packages proteins
Diffusion - answerMovement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
Passive Process - answersubstances cross the membrane without any energy input
from the cell
facilitated diffusion - answerrequires a carrier protein (Molecule)
Osmosis - answerDiffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an
area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
Osmolarity - answerdescribes fluid outside the body
Osmolality - answerdescribes fluids inside the body
Active Transport - answerEx. NA+ K+ pump, requires ATP (energy)
Endocytosis - answerprocess of bringing a substance into cell that is too large. The cell
membrane engulfs.
Phagocytosis - answereats solid particles
Pinocytosis - answerdrinks liquid particles
, Exocytosis - answerrelease of material from the cell into cell membrane with the
assistance of a vessicle. Ex. Glands secrete hormones through exocytosis
Chromosomes - answerlocated in the nucleus of the cell. There are 46 chromosomes in
all normal human cells, with the exception of mature sex cells, which have 23.
DNA - answercontains the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
Chromatin - answerClusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell that is
wrapped around histone proteins
base pairing - answerAdenine+ Thymine, Cytosine+ Guanine
Genes - answerDNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary
transmission.
Genotype - answergenetic makeup of an organism
Karotype - answerGene blueprint
Genome - answerthe complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the
genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
Phenotype - answerAn organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
proliferation - answerThe regulated process by which cells divide and reproduce.
Mitosis - answercell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the
same number of chromosomes. (Creates Diploid)
Meosis - answerThe process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm and egg)
by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. (creates haploid)
Differentiation - answerprocess in which cells become specialized in structure and
function (cell maturation)
epithelial tissue - answerTissue that covers outside of the body and lines organs and
cavities.
connective tissue - answerA body tissue that provides support for the body and
connects all of its parts. Fibroblast cells create fiber: collagen, elastic, and reticular
muscle tissue - answerA body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts
move. Myocytes, action potential leades to depolarization and release of calcium
neural tissue - answerconducts electrical impulses, carries information.
Nucleus - answer contains genetic information and regulates cell growth, metabolism,
and reproduction.
Mitochondria - answer breaks down glucose producing energy (ATP)
Ribosome – answer synthesizes proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum - answer production of phospholipids
Lysosome - answer Digest materials engulfed by cells
Cytoskeleton - answerHelps transport molecules inside cell and binds to enzymes of
metabolic pathways
Golgi - answersorts, chemically modifies and packages proteins
Diffusion - answerMovement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
Passive Process - answersubstances cross the membrane without any energy input
from the cell
facilitated diffusion - answerrequires a carrier protein (Molecule)
Osmosis - answerDiffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an
area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
Osmolarity - answerdescribes fluid outside the body
Osmolality - answerdescribes fluids inside the body
Active Transport - answerEx. NA+ K+ pump, requires ATP (energy)
Endocytosis - answerprocess of bringing a substance into cell that is too large. The cell
membrane engulfs.
Phagocytosis - answereats solid particles
Pinocytosis - answerdrinks liquid particles
, Exocytosis - answerrelease of material from the cell into cell membrane with the
assistance of a vessicle. Ex. Glands secrete hormones through exocytosis
Chromosomes - answerlocated in the nucleus of the cell. There are 46 chromosomes in
all normal human cells, with the exception of mature sex cells, which have 23.
DNA - answercontains the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
Chromatin - answerClusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell that is
wrapped around histone proteins
base pairing - answerAdenine+ Thymine, Cytosine+ Guanine
Genes - answerDNA segments that serve as the key functional units in hereditary
transmission.
Genotype - answergenetic makeup of an organism
Karotype - answerGene blueprint
Genome - answerthe complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the
genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
Phenotype - answerAn organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
proliferation - answerThe regulated process by which cells divide and reproduce.
Mitosis - answercell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the
same number of chromosomes. (Creates Diploid)
Meosis - answerThe process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm and egg)
by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. (creates haploid)
Differentiation - answerprocess in which cells become specialized in structure and
function (cell maturation)
epithelial tissue - answerTissue that covers outside of the body and lines organs and
cavities.
connective tissue - answerA body tissue that provides support for the body and
connects all of its parts. Fibroblast cells create fiber: collagen, elastic, and reticular
muscle tissue - answerA body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts
move. Myocytes, action potential leades to depolarization and release of calcium
neural tissue - answerconducts electrical impulses, carries information.
