Fundamentals of Nursing, 12th Edition (2025) by Patricia A.
Potter, Anne G. Perry, Patricia A. Stockert, Amy Hall, Wendy
R. Ostendorf Comprehensive Test Bank | NCLEX-Style Review
| Evidence-Based Practice
,UNIT 1: NURSING AND THE HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT
Chapter 1: Nursing Today
Question 1
A nursing student is learning about the history of nursing. Which individual is credited with
establishing the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Dorothea Dix
D. Lillian Wald
☑️ Correct Answer: B
☑️Explanation: Florence Nightingale established the first nursing philosophy based on
health maintenance and restoration. Clara Barton (A) founded the American Red Cross.
,Dorothea Dix (C) advocated for the mentally ill. Lillian Wald (D) established public health
nursing.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a patient who is a member of a marginalized community. The nurse
recognizes that to provide culturally competent care, the nurse must first:
A. Learn the patient's language
B. Examine personal biases and assumptions
C. Refer the patient to a culturally similar provider
D. Follow standardized care protocols
☑️ Correct Answer: B
☑️Explanation: Cultural competence begins with self-awareness and examination of
personal biases and assumptions. While learning the patient's language (A) is helpful, it is not
the first step. Referring to a culturally similar provider (C) may not always be possible or
necessary. Following standardized protocols (D) without cultural consideration may not provide
appropriate care.
, Question 3
A nurse is explaining the role of the registered nurse to a group of nursing students. Which
statement best describes the scope of practice for an RN?
A. "RNs function independently and do not require collaboration with other health care
providers."
B. "RNs provide direct patient care and delegate tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel based
on state nurse practice acts."
C. "RNs are primarily responsible for administrative tasks and supervision of other nurses."
D. "RNs can prescribe medications in all states without physician oversight."
☑️ Correct Answer: B
☑️Explanation: RNs provide direct patient care and delegate tasks based on state nurse
practice acts and facility policies. RNs do not function entirely independently (A) and require
collaboration. While RNs may have administrative roles, patient care is the primary focus (C).
RNs cannot prescribe medications in all states without physician oversight (D).
Question 4
A patient asks a nurse, "What is the difference between a registered nurse and a licensed
Potter, Anne G. Perry, Patricia A. Stockert, Amy Hall, Wendy
R. Ostendorf Comprehensive Test Bank | NCLEX-Style Review
| Evidence-Based Practice
,UNIT 1: NURSING AND THE HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT
Chapter 1: Nursing Today
Question 1
A nursing student is learning about the history of nursing. Which individual is credited with
establishing the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration?
A. Clara Barton
B. Florence Nightingale
C. Dorothea Dix
D. Lillian Wald
☑️ Correct Answer: B
☑️Explanation: Florence Nightingale established the first nursing philosophy based on
health maintenance and restoration. Clara Barton (A) founded the American Red Cross.
,Dorothea Dix (C) advocated for the mentally ill. Lillian Wald (D) established public health
nursing.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a patient who is a member of a marginalized community. The nurse
recognizes that to provide culturally competent care, the nurse must first:
A. Learn the patient's language
B. Examine personal biases and assumptions
C. Refer the patient to a culturally similar provider
D. Follow standardized care protocols
☑️ Correct Answer: B
☑️Explanation: Cultural competence begins with self-awareness and examination of
personal biases and assumptions. While learning the patient's language (A) is helpful, it is not
the first step. Referring to a culturally similar provider (C) may not always be possible or
necessary. Following standardized protocols (D) without cultural consideration may not provide
appropriate care.
, Question 3
A nurse is explaining the role of the registered nurse to a group of nursing students. Which
statement best describes the scope of practice for an RN?
A. "RNs function independently and do not require collaboration with other health care
providers."
B. "RNs provide direct patient care and delegate tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel based
on state nurse practice acts."
C. "RNs are primarily responsible for administrative tasks and supervision of other nurses."
D. "RNs can prescribe medications in all states without physician oversight."
☑️ Correct Answer: B
☑️Explanation: RNs provide direct patient care and delegate tasks based on state nurse
practice acts and facility policies. RNs do not function entirely independently (A) and require
collaboration. While RNs may have administrative roles, patient care is the primary focus (C).
RNs cannot prescribe medications in all states without physician oversight (D).
Question 4
A patient asks a nurse, "What is the difference between a registered nurse and a licensed
