HESI
Med-Surg II– Set 3 | Questions & Answers with
x x x x x x x x
x Detailed Rationales | Nursing Study Guide 2026
x x x x x x
RESOURCE FEATURES x
• Med-Surg II HESI Set 3 practice questions
x x x x x x x
• Answers for self-assessment
x x x
• Detailed rationales and explanations
x x x x
• Clinical scenario-based questions
x x x
• Prioritization and delegation practice x x x x
• Adult medical-surgical review
x x x
• NCLEX-style clinical judgment x x x
• 2026 exam preparation
x x
, Med-Surg II HESI – Set 3 | Questions & x x x x x x x x
x Answers with Detailed Rationales | Nursing x x x x x
x Study Guide 2026 x x
1. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may be prescribed
x x x x x x x
x for the client with diabetes mellitus to reduce vascular changes and
x x x x x x x x x x
x possibly prevent or delay development of:
x x x x x
1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
x x x x
2. Pancreatic cancer. x
3. Renal failure. x
4. Cerebrovascular accident. x
Correct Answer: 3 x x
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce intraglomerular pressure and have
x x x x x x x
renoprotective effects. They are first-line agents to slow the progression of
x x x x x x x x x x x
diabetic nephropathy (renal failure). They do not directly affect COPD,
x x x x x x x x x x
pancreatic cancer, or CVA prevention beyond general blood-pressure
x x x x x x x x
control.
x
2. The nurse should teach the diabetic client that which of the
x x x x x x x x x x x
x following is the most common symptom of hypoglycemia?
x x x x x x x
1. Nervousness.
2. Anorexia.
, 3. Kussmaul's respirations. x
4. Bradycardia.
Correct Answer: 1 x x
Rationale: Nervousness, along with tremors, diaphoresis, and palpitations,
x x x x x x x
are adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia caused by the counter-regulatory
x x x x x x x x x
epinephrine release. Anorexia is not typical; Kussmaul’s respirations occur in
x x x x x x x x x x
DKA (hyperglycemia); bradycardia is not a common hypoglycemic sign
x x x x x x x x x
(tachycardia is more typical).
x x x x
3. The nurse is assessing the client's use of medications. Which of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x following medications may cause a complication with the treatment
x x x x x x x x
x plan of a client with diabetes?
x x x x x
1. Aspirin.
2. Steroids.
3. Sulfonylureas.
4. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. x x x
Correct Answer: 2 x x
Rationale: Corticosteroids (steroids) increase blood glucose by promoting
x x x x x x x
gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance, often requiring dose adjustments of
x x x x x x x x x
hypoglycemic agents. Aspirin and ACE inhibitors are generally safe (even
x x x x x x x x x x
beneficial); sulfonylureas are anti-diabetic agents themselves.
x x x x x x
4. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has influenza. The nurse
x x x x x x x x x x x
x should instruct the client to:
x x x x
1. Increase the frequency of self-monitoring (blood glucose testing).
x x x x x x x
, 2. Reduce food intake to diminish nausea. x x x x x
3. Discontinue that dose of insulin if unable to eat. x x x x x x x x
4. Take half of the normal dose of insulin.
x x x x x x x
Correct Answer: 1 x x
Rationale: Illness (infection) increases stress hormones, raising blood
x x x x x x x
glucose. The client should test more frequently (every 2–4 hours) to guide
x x x x x x x x x x x x
insulin adjustments. Insulin should never be stopped (risk of DKA); the client
x x x x x x x x x x x x
should try to maintain carbohydrate intake with sick-day rules.
x x x x x x x x x
5. Which of the following is a priority goal for the diabetic client who
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x is taking insulin and has nausea and vomiting from a viral illness or
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x influenza?
1. Obtaining adequate food intake. x x x
2. Managing own health. x x
3. Relieving pain. x
4. Increasing activity. x
Correct Answer: 1 x x
Rationale: During illness, maintaining carbohydrate intake is crucial to
x x x x x x x x
prevent hypoglycemia (if taking insulin) and ketoacidosis. Even with nausea,
x x x x x x x x x x
the client should consume small, frequent portions of easy-to-digest
x x x x x x x x x
carbohydrates. Pain relief and activity are secondary.
x x x x x x x
6. A client with diabetes begins to cry and says, "I just cannot stand the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x thought of having to give myself a shot every day." Which of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x following would be the best response by the nurse?
x x x x x x x x
Med-Surg II– Set 3 | Questions & Answers with
x x x x x x x x
x Detailed Rationales | Nursing Study Guide 2026
x x x x x x
RESOURCE FEATURES x
• Med-Surg II HESI Set 3 practice questions
x x x x x x x
• Answers for self-assessment
x x x
• Detailed rationales and explanations
x x x x
• Clinical scenario-based questions
x x x
• Prioritization and delegation practice x x x x
• Adult medical-surgical review
x x x
• NCLEX-style clinical judgment x x x
• 2026 exam preparation
x x
, Med-Surg II HESI – Set 3 | Questions & x x x x x x x x
x Answers with Detailed Rationales | Nursing x x x x x
x Study Guide 2026 x x
1. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may be prescribed
x x x x x x x
x for the client with diabetes mellitus to reduce vascular changes and
x x x x x x x x x x
x possibly prevent or delay development of:
x x x x x
1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
x x x x
2. Pancreatic cancer. x
3. Renal failure. x
4. Cerebrovascular accident. x
Correct Answer: 3 x x
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce intraglomerular pressure and have
x x x x x x x
renoprotective effects. They are first-line agents to slow the progression of
x x x x x x x x x x x
diabetic nephropathy (renal failure). They do not directly affect COPD,
x x x x x x x x x x
pancreatic cancer, or CVA prevention beyond general blood-pressure
x x x x x x x x
control.
x
2. The nurse should teach the diabetic client that which of the
x x x x x x x x x x x
x following is the most common symptom of hypoglycemia?
x x x x x x x
1. Nervousness.
2. Anorexia.
, 3. Kussmaul's respirations. x
4. Bradycardia.
Correct Answer: 1 x x
Rationale: Nervousness, along with tremors, diaphoresis, and palpitations,
x x x x x x x
are adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia caused by the counter-regulatory
x x x x x x x x x
epinephrine release. Anorexia is not typical; Kussmaul’s respirations occur in
x x x x x x x x x x
DKA (hyperglycemia); bradycardia is not a common hypoglycemic sign
x x x x x x x x x
(tachycardia is more typical).
x x x x
3. The nurse is assessing the client's use of medications. Which of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x following medications may cause a complication with the treatment
x x x x x x x x
x plan of a client with diabetes?
x x x x x
1. Aspirin.
2. Steroids.
3. Sulfonylureas.
4. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. x x x
Correct Answer: 2 x x
Rationale: Corticosteroids (steroids) increase blood glucose by promoting
x x x x x x x
gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance, often requiring dose adjustments of
x x x x x x x x x
hypoglycemic agents. Aspirin and ACE inhibitors are generally safe (even
x x x x x x x x x x
beneficial); sulfonylureas are anti-diabetic agents themselves.
x x x x x x
4. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has influenza. The nurse
x x x x x x x x x x x
x should instruct the client to:
x x x x
1. Increase the frequency of self-monitoring (blood glucose testing).
x x x x x x x
, 2. Reduce food intake to diminish nausea. x x x x x
3. Discontinue that dose of insulin if unable to eat. x x x x x x x x
4. Take half of the normal dose of insulin.
x x x x x x x
Correct Answer: 1 x x
Rationale: Illness (infection) increases stress hormones, raising blood
x x x x x x x
glucose. The client should test more frequently (every 2–4 hours) to guide
x x x x x x x x x x x x
insulin adjustments. Insulin should never be stopped (risk of DKA); the client
x x x x x x x x x x x x
should try to maintain carbohydrate intake with sick-day rules.
x x x x x x x x x
5. Which of the following is a priority goal for the diabetic client who
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x is taking insulin and has nausea and vomiting from a viral illness or
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x influenza?
1. Obtaining adequate food intake. x x x
2. Managing own health. x x
3. Relieving pain. x
4. Increasing activity. x
Correct Answer: 1 x x
Rationale: During illness, maintaining carbohydrate intake is crucial to
x x x x x x x x
prevent hypoglycemia (if taking insulin) and ketoacidosis. Even with nausea,
x x x x x x x x x x
the client should consume small, frequent portions of easy-to-digest
x x x x x x x x x
carbohydrates. Pain relief and activity are secondary.
x x x x x x x
6. A client with diabetes begins to cry and says, "I just cannot stand the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x thought of having to give myself a shot every day." Which of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x following would be the best response by the nurse?
x x x x x x x x
