Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank (Burns 8th
Edition) Verified answers with Rationales
MOST RECENT (GRADED A+)
Question 1
A new graduate nurse is preparing a community presentation on child
health. Which statement accurately describes the distinction between
pediatric primary care and primary prevention?
A) Primary care focuses on treating acute illness, while primary prevention
focuses on managing chronic conditions.
B) Primary care includes the continuous, comprehensive care of a child,
while primary prevention aims to avoid the onset of disease before it
occurs.
C) Primary prevention is delivered by pediatricians, while primary care is
delivered by public health nurses.
D) Primary care and primary prevention are interchangeable terms for
health promotion activities.
Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care is comprehensive and continuous,
forming a partnership with the family. Primary prevention (e.g.,
immunizations, safety education) prevents disease before it starts.
Question 2
The pediatric primary care nurse understands that a fundamental principle
distinguishing pediatrics from adult care is:
A) Children have a faster metabolic rate, requiring higher medication doses
per kilogram than adults.
B) Children are not just small adults; their care must be provided within the
context of their family and developmental stage.
C) Informed consent is obtained directly from the child if they are over age
12.
D) The focus of care is almost exclusively on health promotion and
prevention, not disease management.
,Answer: B
Rationale: This is a core tenet of pediatric care. A child's growth,
development, and dependence on the family are fundamental
considerations.
Question 3
A nurse is coordinating care for a 6-year-old with cerebral palsy and a
gastrostomy tube. When developing a plan of care, the nurse should
prioritize which of the following actions to adhere to the principles of
caring for Children and Youth with Special Healthcare Needs (CYSHCN)?
A) Create a detailed medical plan that the family must follow precisely to
ensure safety.
B) Encourage the family to assume all care responsibilities to promote
independence from the healthcare system.
C) Facilitate a meeting with the family, school nurse, physical therapist, and
primary care provider to create a shared, coordinated plan.
D) Refer the family to a tertiary care center for all future healthcare needs to
ensure specialist oversight.
Answer: C
Rationale: Care for CYSHCN is best provided through a medical home
model, which is accessible, family-centered, continuous, comprehensive,
coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective. This requires
collaboration across settings.
Question 4
A pediatric primary care nurse practitioner (PNP) explains the scope of
pediatric primary care to a new parent. Which statement best reflects
pediatric primary care?
A. Focuses only on treatment of acute illnesses
B. Emphasizes health promotion, disease prevention, and management of
common conditions
C. Primarily provides inpatient care for children
D. Limits care to episodic visits for vaccinations
,Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care focuses on health promotion, disease
prevention, early identification of conditions, and management of common
acute and chronic illnesses in outpatient settings.
Question 5
A PNP screens a 5-year-old for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and
discovers exposure to parental substance use. What is the nurse's most
appropriate next step?
A. Document findings and proceed with routine care
B. Provide trauma-informed counseling and link family to behavioral health
resources
C. Report the parent to law enforcement immediately
D. Ignore the issue unless the child shows behavioral problems
Answer: B
Rationale: Trauma-informed care includes recognizing adversity, providing
support, and connecting families to resources to mitigate ACE impacts.
Mandatory reporting applies to abuse or neglect, not necessarily parental
substance use without immediate danger.
Question 6
When differentiating primary care from primary prevention, which example
reflects primary care?
A. Immunizing a 2-year-old against influenza
B. Counseling about bicycle safety
C. Evaluating growth, addressing illness, and providing continuity of care
D. Distributing educational materials on nutrition
Answer: C
Rationale: Primary care includes comprehensive evaluation, treatment, and
continuity across life stages. Immunizations and safety counseling are
examples of primary prevention strategies.
Question 7
The "ASK" approach to suicide screening in adolescents includes:
, A) Asking directly about suicidal thoughts
B) Asking about academic performance only
C) Asking about peer relationships only
D) Avoiding direct questions
Answer: A
Rationale: Directly asking about suicidal thoughts is a key component of
suicide screening in adolescents. The ASK approach emphasizes asking
directly about suicide.
Question 8
Which of the following is a key principle of the patient- and family-centered
care (PFCC) model?
A) Providers make all decisions independently
B) Families are recognized as experts on their child's needs
C) Care is provided in a hospital setting only
D) Communication is limited to the child's medical condition
Answer: B
Rationale: In the PFCC model, families are recognized as experts on their
child's needs and are active partners in decision-making. Care is
collaborative, respectful, and responsive to the family's values and
preferences.
Question 9
Which of the following is a core component of the pediatric health
supervision visit?
A) Complete blood count
B) Developmental surveillance
C) Imaging studies
D) Genetic testing
Answer: B
Rationale: Developmental surveillance is a core component of every health
supervision visit. It includes eliciting parental concerns, observing the child,
and using standardized screening tools at designated ages.
Edition) Verified answers with Rationales
MOST RECENT (GRADED A+)
Question 1
A new graduate nurse is preparing a community presentation on child
health. Which statement accurately describes the distinction between
pediatric primary care and primary prevention?
A) Primary care focuses on treating acute illness, while primary prevention
focuses on managing chronic conditions.
B) Primary care includes the continuous, comprehensive care of a child,
while primary prevention aims to avoid the onset of disease before it
occurs.
C) Primary prevention is delivered by pediatricians, while primary care is
delivered by public health nurses.
D) Primary care and primary prevention are interchangeable terms for
health promotion activities.
Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care is comprehensive and continuous,
forming a partnership with the family. Primary prevention (e.g.,
immunizations, safety education) prevents disease before it starts.
Question 2
The pediatric primary care nurse understands that a fundamental principle
distinguishing pediatrics from adult care is:
A) Children have a faster metabolic rate, requiring higher medication doses
per kilogram than adults.
B) Children are not just small adults; their care must be provided within the
context of their family and developmental stage.
C) Informed consent is obtained directly from the child if they are over age
12.
D) The focus of care is almost exclusively on health promotion and
prevention, not disease management.
,Answer: B
Rationale: This is a core tenet of pediatric care. A child's growth,
development, and dependence on the family are fundamental
considerations.
Question 3
A nurse is coordinating care for a 6-year-old with cerebral palsy and a
gastrostomy tube. When developing a plan of care, the nurse should
prioritize which of the following actions to adhere to the principles of
caring for Children and Youth with Special Healthcare Needs (CYSHCN)?
A) Create a detailed medical plan that the family must follow precisely to
ensure safety.
B) Encourage the family to assume all care responsibilities to promote
independence from the healthcare system.
C) Facilitate a meeting with the family, school nurse, physical therapist, and
primary care provider to create a shared, coordinated plan.
D) Refer the family to a tertiary care center for all future healthcare needs to
ensure specialist oversight.
Answer: C
Rationale: Care for CYSHCN is best provided through a medical home
model, which is accessible, family-centered, continuous, comprehensive,
coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective. This requires
collaboration across settings.
Question 4
A pediatric primary care nurse practitioner (PNP) explains the scope of
pediatric primary care to a new parent. Which statement best reflects
pediatric primary care?
A. Focuses only on treatment of acute illnesses
B. Emphasizes health promotion, disease prevention, and management of
common conditions
C. Primarily provides inpatient care for children
D. Limits care to episodic visits for vaccinations
,Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care focuses on health promotion, disease
prevention, early identification of conditions, and management of common
acute and chronic illnesses in outpatient settings.
Question 5
A PNP screens a 5-year-old for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and
discovers exposure to parental substance use. What is the nurse's most
appropriate next step?
A. Document findings and proceed with routine care
B. Provide trauma-informed counseling and link family to behavioral health
resources
C. Report the parent to law enforcement immediately
D. Ignore the issue unless the child shows behavioral problems
Answer: B
Rationale: Trauma-informed care includes recognizing adversity, providing
support, and connecting families to resources to mitigate ACE impacts.
Mandatory reporting applies to abuse or neglect, not necessarily parental
substance use without immediate danger.
Question 6
When differentiating primary care from primary prevention, which example
reflects primary care?
A. Immunizing a 2-year-old against influenza
B. Counseling about bicycle safety
C. Evaluating growth, addressing illness, and providing continuity of care
D. Distributing educational materials on nutrition
Answer: C
Rationale: Primary care includes comprehensive evaluation, treatment, and
continuity across life stages. Immunizations and safety counseling are
examples of primary prevention strategies.
Question 7
The "ASK" approach to suicide screening in adolescents includes:
, A) Asking directly about suicidal thoughts
B) Asking about academic performance only
C) Asking about peer relationships only
D) Avoiding direct questions
Answer: A
Rationale: Directly asking about suicidal thoughts is a key component of
suicide screening in adolescents. The ASK approach emphasizes asking
directly about suicide.
Question 8
Which of the following is a key principle of the patient- and family-centered
care (PFCC) model?
A) Providers make all decisions independently
B) Families are recognized as experts on their child's needs
C) Care is provided in a hospital setting only
D) Communication is limited to the child's medical condition
Answer: B
Rationale: In the PFCC model, families are recognized as experts on their
child's needs and are active partners in decision-making. Care is
collaborative, respectful, and responsive to the family's values and
preferences.
Question 9
Which of the following is a core component of the pediatric health
supervision visit?
A) Complete blood count
B) Developmental surveillance
C) Imaging studies
D) Genetic testing
Answer: B
Rationale: Developmental surveillance is a core component of every health
supervision visit. It includes eliciting parental concerns, observing the child,
and using standardized screening tools at designated ages.
