NURS 611 EXAM 2 FINAL PAPER TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH FULL SOLUTION
◉ sequence of events that lead to hyperreflexia induced bradycardia.
Answer: bradycardia (30-40bpm) is a sx of hyperreflexia
Stimulation of the carotid sinus -->vagus nerve -->sinoatrial (SA)
node. The intact ANS reflexively responds with an arteriolar spasm
that increases blood pressure. Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels,
the carotid sinus, and the aorta sense the HTN and stimulate the
PNS. The heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral
vessels do not dilate because efferent impulses cannot pass through
the cord
◉ Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: leading cause of dementia and one of the most common
causes of severe cognitive dysfunction in older adults
◉ what are the greatest risk factors for Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: age, family history
◉ what are the proposed protective factors for Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: low calorie diets, estrogen replacement at time of
menopause, NSAIDs, physical activity, antioxidants, the presence of
apoE2
, ◉ what genetic susceptibility tests are used to screen for early-onset
AD.
Answer: PSEN 1 (presenilin) on chromosome 14, PSEN 2, and APP
(amyloid precursor protein) on chromosome 21
◉ When can a specific diagnosis of AD be given.
Answer: postmortem examination
◉ what is the single greatest risk factor for stroke.
Answer: hypertension
◉ what are common risk factors for stroke.
Answer: arterial HTN, insulin resistance and DM, elevated
cholesterol or low high density lipoprotein (HDL), elevated
lipoprotein- A level, hyperhomocysteinemia, congestive heart
disease and PVD, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, polycythemia and
thrombocythemia, a-fib, postmenopausal hormone therapy, high
sodium intake above 2300mg, low potassium intake less than
4700mg, smoking, lack of physical activity, obesity, chronic sleep
deprivation
◉ which autoimmune disease typically presents 2-4 weeks following
a bacterial/viral infection such as respiratory or GI illness.
QUESTIONS WITH FULL SOLUTION
◉ sequence of events that lead to hyperreflexia induced bradycardia.
Answer: bradycardia (30-40bpm) is a sx of hyperreflexia
Stimulation of the carotid sinus -->vagus nerve -->sinoatrial (SA)
node. The intact ANS reflexively responds with an arteriolar spasm
that increases blood pressure. Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels,
the carotid sinus, and the aorta sense the HTN and stimulate the
PNS. The heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral
vessels do not dilate because efferent impulses cannot pass through
the cord
◉ Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: leading cause of dementia and one of the most common
causes of severe cognitive dysfunction in older adults
◉ what are the greatest risk factors for Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: age, family history
◉ what are the proposed protective factors for Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: low calorie diets, estrogen replacement at time of
menopause, NSAIDs, physical activity, antioxidants, the presence of
apoE2
, ◉ what genetic susceptibility tests are used to screen for early-onset
AD.
Answer: PSEN 1 (presenilin) on chromosome 14, PSEN 2, and APP
(amyloid precursor protein) on chromosome 21
◉ When can a specific diagnosis of AD be given.
Answer: postmortem examination
◉ what is the single greatest risk factor for stroke.
Answer: hypertension
◉ what are common risk factors for stroke.
Answer: arterial HTN, insulin resistance and DM, elevated
cholesterol or low high density lipoprotein (HDL), elevated
lipoprotein- A level, hyperhomocysteinemia, congestive heart
disease and PVD, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, polycythemia and
thrombocythemia, a-fib, postmenopausal hormone therapy, high
sodium intake above 2300mg, low potassium intake less than
4700mg, smoking, lack of physical activity, obesity, chronic sleep
deprivation
◉ which autoimmune disease typically presents 2-4 weeks following
a bacterial/viral infection such as respiratory or GI illness.
