Flow cytometry Exam
Comprehensive Questions
(Frequently Tested) and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
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Hydrodynamic Focusing - Answer: - when two streams of fluids
with different flow rates are running side-by-side and in the same
direction into a flow cell, then a laminar flow is created.
- The central stream (sample stream) is focused and surrounded
by the secondary slower stream (sheath fluid).
,- In a flow cytometer, the sheath fluid pressure is constant while
the sample fluid is adjusted.
- Hydrodynamic focusing properly aligns your cells, one by one, at
the junction where the analysis by lasers begins.
Generation of Differential Pressures: syringe pump - Answer: -
samples are loaded into holding lines that are then rapidly driven
through a simple mixer into a delay line.
- The mixed sample is then driven by drive syringe at a controlled
rate into the flow cell.
- This process requires high-speed valves to switch the delivery
from waste to the flow cytometer just after mixing. (This is a
critical step for hydrodynamic systems, as the high fluidic rates
that occur during mixing are incompatible with laminar flow.)
Generation of Differential Pressures: pressure based - Answer: -
In this method of sample delivery, a pressure differential is
maintained across the reservoirs containing the sample and
sheath fluid
- Once the pressure of the sample has increased above that of the
system, the sample is driven into the system.
- In these systems, the rate of sample delivery depends upon the
pressure gradient as well as the pressure drop that occurs along
the length of the capillary tubing.
, - are subject to pressure variations over time
Optical Filter: Long Pass - Answer: transmits light above a certain
wavelength
Forward Scatter - Answer: - Light that is scattered in the forward
direction after interacting with a particle, typically up to 20o offset
from the laser beam's axis, is collected by a photomultiplier tube
(PMT) or photodiode
- can give an estimation of a particle's size with larger particles
refracting more light than smaller particles, but this can depend
on several factors:
- the sample
- wavelenght of the laser
- collection angle
Side Scatter - Answer: - Light measured at a 90o angle to the
excitation line
- can provide information about the relative complexity (for
example, granularity and internal structures) of a cell or particle;
however as with forward scatter this can depend on various
factors
Comprehensive Questions
(Frequently Tested) and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Services Offered
• Proctored Exam Assistance
• Online Class Management (Full Course Support)
• Exam Preparation & Study Materials
• Assignments and Coursework Support
• Essay and Research Paper Writing
• Discussion Posts & Responses
• Editing and Proofreading
• Confidential Academic Consultation
Contact Information
Email:
WhatsApp link: https://wa.me/254704846336
Fast Response | Confidential | Reliable Academic Support
Helping Students Achieve Academic Excellence
Hydrodynamic Focusing - Answer: - when two streams of fluids
with different flow rates are running side-by-side and in the same
direction into a flow cell, then a laminar flow is created.
- The central stream (sample stream) is focused and surrounded
by the secondary slower stream (sheath fluid).
,- In a flow cytometer, the sheath fluid pressure is constant while
the sample fluid is adjusted.
- Hydrodynamic focusing properly aligns your cells, one by one, at
the junction where the analysis by lasers begins.
Generation of Differential Pressures: syringe pump - Answer: -
samples are loaded into holding lines that are then rapidly driven
through a simple mixer into a delay line.
- The mixed sample is then driven by drive syringe at a controlled
rate into the flow cell.
- This process requires high-speed valves to switch the delivery
from waste to the flow cytometer just after mixing. (This is a
critical step for hydrodynamic systems, as the high fluidic rates
that occur during mixing are incompatible with laminar flow.)
Generation of Differential Pressures: pressure based - Answer: -
In this method of sample delivery, a pressure differential is
maintained across the reservoirs containing the sample and
sheath fluid
- Once the pressure of the sample has increased above that of the
system, the sample is driven into the system.
- In these systems, the rate of sample delivery depends upon the
pressure gradient as well as the pressure drop that occurs along
the length of the capillary tubing.
, - are subject to pressure variations over time
Optical Filter: Long Pass - Answer: transmits light above a certain
wavelength
Forward Scatter - Answer: - Light that is scattered in the forward
direction after interacting with a particle, typically up to 20o offset
from the laser beam's axis, is collected by a photomultiplier tube
(PMT) or photodiode
- can give an estimation of a particle's size with larger particles
refracting more light than smaller particles, but this can depend
on several factors:
- the sample
- wavelenght of the laser
- collection angle
Side Scatter - Answer: - Light measured at a 90o angle to the
excitation line
- can provide information about the relative complexity (for
example, granularity and internal structures) of a cell or particle;
however as with forward scatter this can depend on various
factors
